experiment

See also: Experiment

English

Etymology

From Old French esperiment (French expérience), from Latin experimentum (“experience, attempt, experiment”), from experior (“to experience, to attempt”), itself from ex + *perior, in turn from Proto-Indo-European *per-.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ɪ.mənt/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ex‧per‧i‧ment

Noun

experiment (plural experiments)

1. A test under controlled conditions made to either demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy of something previously untried.
   • 2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     South Korean officials announced last month that an experiment to create artificial rain did not provide the desired results.

     Audio (US)

     (file)

2. (obsolete) Experience, practical familiarity with something.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, II.vii:

     Pilot [...] Vpon his card and compas firmes his eye, / The maisters of his long experiment, / And to them does the steddy helme apply [...].

Derived terms

• sexperiment

Related terms

• experimental

Translations

test under controlled conditions

• Arabic: تَجْرِبَة‎ f (tajriba), إِخْتِبَار‎ m (ʾiḵtibār)
• Armenian: փորձ (hy) (pʿorj), փորձարկում (hy) (pʿorjarkum)
• Bulgarian: опит (bg) m (opit), експеримент (bg) m (eksperiment)
• Catalan: experiment (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 實驗 (zh), 实验 (zh) (shíyàn)

• Czech: pokus (cs) m, experiment (cs) m
• Dutch: experiment (nl) n, proef (nl) f
• Esperanto: eksperimento
• Finnish: (tieteellinen) koe
• French: expérience (fr) f
• Galician: experimento (gl) m
• Georgian: ექსპერიმენტი (eksṗerimenṭi)
• German: Experiment (de) n, Versuch (de) m
• Greek: πείραμα (el) n (peírama)

  Ancient: πεῖρα f (peîra)

• Hebrew: ניסוי‎ m

• Irish: tástáil f, turgnamh m
• Italian: esperimento (it) m
• Japanese: 実験 (ja) (じっけん, jikken)
• Latin: experimentum n, periculum (la) n
• Macedonian: опит m (ópit), експеримент m (eksperimént)
• Malay: uji kaji, eksperimen
• Maori: whakamātauranga, whakamātau
• Occitan: experiment m
• Polish: eksperyment (pl) m inan, doświadczenie (pl) n
• Portuguese: experimento (pt) m, experiência (pt) f
• Russian: экспериме́нт (ru) m (eksperimént), о́пыт (ru) m (ópyt)
• Spanish: experimento (es) m
• Swahili: jaribio (sw)
• Swedish: experiment (sv) n
• Tagalog: tilaw
• Telugu: ప్రయోగము (te) (prayōgamu)
• Turkish: deney (n), tecrübe (tr)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} eksperimen (id), ^{(please verify)} percobaan (id)

• Lithuanian: ^{(please verify)} eksperimentas m, ^{(please verify)} bandymas m

Verb

experiment (third-person singular simple present experiments, present participle experimenting, simple past and past participle experimented)

1. (intransitive) To conduct an experiment.
2. (transitive, obsolete) To experience; to feel; to perceive; to detect.
   • 1662 Thomas Salusbury, Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (Dialogue 2):

     The Earth, the which may have carried us about perpetually ... without our being ever able to experiment its rest.

3. (transitive, obsolete) To test or ascertain by experiment; to try out; to make an experiment on.
   • 1481 William Caxton, The Mirrour of the World 1.5.22:

     Til they had experimented whiche was trewe, and who knewe most.

Derived terms

• experimenter

Translations

to conduct an experiment

• Armenian: փորձարկել (hy) (pʿorjarkel)
• Bulgarian: експериментирам (eksperimentiram)
• Czech: experimentovat (cs)
• Dutch: experimenteren (nl)
• Esperanto: eksperimenti
• Finnish: kokeilla (fi), tehdä koe
• French: expérimenter (fr)
• German: experimentieren (de)
• Greek: πειραματίζομαι (el) (peiramatízomai)
• Japanese: 実験する (じっけんする, jikken-suru)

• Macedonian: експериментира (eksperimentíra)
• Maori: whakamātau
• Polish: eksperymentować, przeprowadzać doświadczenie
• Portuguese: experimentar (pt)
• Quechua: yañay
• Russian: экспериментировать (ru) (eksperimentirovatʹ), производить or проводить or ставить опыт
• Spanish: experimentar (es)
• Swahili: -jaribu (sw)
• Swedish: experimentera (sv)
• Thai: ทดลอง (th) (tót-lɔɔng)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} eksperimen (id)

• Lithuanian: ^{(please verify)} eksperimentuoti

References

• “experiment” in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989, →ISBN.

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Catalan

Etymology

From Latin experīmentum.

Noun

experiment m (plural experiments)

1. experiment

Derived terms

• experimental
• experimentar

Further reading

• “experiment” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “experiment” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “experiment” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “experiment” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

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Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɛkspɛrɪmɛnt]

Noun

experiment m

1. experiment

Synonyms

• pokus m

Related terms

• experimentovat
• experimentální

Further reading

• experiment in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• experiment in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Dutch

Etymology

From Old French experiment, from Latin experimentum.

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ex‧pe‧ri‧ment

Noun

experiment n (plural experimenten, diminutive experimentje n)

1. experiment

Synonyms

• proef
• test

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Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛksp(ɛ)rɪˈmɛnt/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

experiment n

1. experiment

Declension

Declension of experiment
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	experiment	experimentet	experiment	experimenten
Genitive	experiments	experimentets	experiments	experimentens