gramar

Cebuano

From English grammar, from Middle English gramer, gramarye, gramery, from Old French gramaire (“classical learning”), from Latin grammatica, from Ancient Greek γραμματική (grammatikḗ, “skilled in writing”), from γράμμα (grámma, “line of writing”), from γράφω (gráphō, “write”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to carve, scratch”).

gramar

Unknown.^[1] Cognate with Spanish agramar.

gramar (first-person singular present gramo, first-person singular preterite gramei, past participle gramado)

Conjugation of gramar

Reintegrated conjugation of gramar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	gramar
Personal	gramar	gramares	gramar	gramarmos	gramardes	gramarem
Gerund
	gramando
Past participle
Masculine	gramado			gramados
Feminine	gramada			gramadas
Indicative
Present	gramo	gramas	grama	gramamos	gramades, gramais	gramam
Imperfect	gramava	gramavas	gramava	gramávamos	gramávades, gramáveis, gramávais¹	gramavam
Preterite	gramei	gramaste, gramache¹	gramou	gramamos	gramastes	gramárom, gramaram
Pluperfect	gramara	gramaras	gramara	gramáramos	gramárades, gramáreis, gramárais¹	gramaram
Future	gramarei	gramarás	gramará	gramaremos	gramaredes, gramareis	gramarám, gramarão
Conditional	gramaria	gramarias	gramaria	gramaríamos	gramaríades, gramaríeis, gramaríais¹	gramariam
Subjunctive
Present	grame	grames	grame	gramemos	gramedes, grameis	gramem
Imperfect	gramasse	gramasses	gramasse	gramássemos	gramássedes, gramásseis	gramassem
Future	gramar	gramares	gramar	gramarmos	gramardes	gramarem
Imperative
Affirmative		grama	grame	gramemos	gramade, gramai	gramem
Negative (nom)		nom grames	nom grame	nom gramemos	nom gramedes, nom grameis	nom gramem

¹Less recommended.

“gramar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
“gramar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
“gramar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
“gramar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡɾaˈma(ʁ)/ [ɡɾaˈma(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ɡɾaˈma(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ɡɾaˈma(ʁ)/ [ɡɾaˈma(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡɾaˈma(ɻ)/

gramar (first-person singular present gramo, first-person singular preterite gramei, past participle gramado)

Conjugation of gramar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.