reif
See also: Reif
Contents
EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English ref, reaf, reif, from Old English rēaf (“plunder, spoil, booty, raiment, garment, robe, vestment, armor”), from Proto-Germanic *raubą, *raubaz (“rape, robbery”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to rip, tear”). Cognate with Scots reif, rief (“robbery, depredation, spoliation”), Saterland Frisian roowje (“loot, rob”), Dutch roof (“spoil, booty, robbery”), German Raub (“robbery, spoils, plunder”). See also reave, robe.
NounEdit
reif (uncountable)
- (Scotland, obsolete) Robbery.
- c. 1524,, a letter, recorded in The History of Scotland (John Hill Burton, 1873), volume 3, page 109:
- The opposition, which, as we shall see, was headed by Archbishop Beaton, protested against the "daily slaughters, murders, reifs, thefts, depredations, and heavy attemptates, that are daily and hourly committed within this realm in fault of justice."
- c. 1577–1587, Raphael Holinshed, Chronicles:
- […] meaning to live by reif of other mennes goodes, wherein they have no manner of propertie.
- 1814, Walter Scott, Waverley:
- […] the lawless thieves, limmers, and broken men of the Highlands, had been in fellowship together by reason of their surnames for the committing of divers thefts, reifs, and herships.
- 1898, Robert Borland, Border Raids and Reivers, page 42:
- In the year 1567, in the first Parliament of James VI., an important Act was passed, entitled "Anent Theft and Receipt of Theft, Taking of Prisoners by Thieves, or Bands for Ransoms, and Punishment of the same." It relates especially to the […] "other inhabitants of the remanent Shires of the Realm," bearing that it is not unknown of the continual theft, reif, and oppression committed within the bounds of the said Sheriffdoms, by […] thieves and "broken men" [who] commit daily "thefts, reifs, herschips, murders, and fire raisings" upon the peaceable subjects of the country.
- For more examples of usage of this term, see Citations:reif.
- c. 1524,, a letter, recorded in The History of Scotland (John Hill Burton, 1873), volume 3, page 109:
ReferencesEdit
- reif in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
AnagramsEdit
GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old High German rīfi, akin to Old Saxon rīpi, (Modern Dutch rijp)
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
reif (comparative reifer, superlative am reifsten)
DeclensionEdit
Positive forms of reif
| number & gender | singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
| predicative | er ist reif | sie ist reif | es ist reif | sie sind reif | |
| strong declension (without article) |
nominative | reifer | reife | reifes | reife |
| genitive | reifen | reifer | reifen | reifer | |
| dative | reifem | reifer | reifem | reifen | |
| accusative | reifen | reife | reifes | reife | |
| weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der reife | die reife | das reife | die reifen |
| genitive | des reifen | der reifen | des reifen | der reifen | |
| dative | dem reifen | der reifen | dem reifen | den reifen | |
| accusative | den reifen | die reife | das reife | die reifen | |
| mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein reifer | eine reife | ein reifes | (keine) reifen |
| genitive | eines reifen | einer reifen | eines reifen | (keiner) reifen | |
| dative | einem reifen | einer reifen | einem reifen | (keinen) reifen | |
| accusative | einen reifen | eine reife | ein reifes | (keine) reifen | |
Comparative forms of reif
| number & gender | singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
| predicative | er ist reifer | sie ist reifer | es ist reifer | sie sind reifer | |
| strong declension (without article) |
nominative | reiferer | reifere | reiferes | reifere |
| genitive | reiferen | reiferer | reiferen | reiferer | |
| dative | reiferem | reiferer | reiferem | reiferen | |
| accusative | reiferen | reifere | reiferes | reifere | |
| weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der reifere | die reifere | das reifere | die reiferen |
| genitive | des reiferen | der reiferen | des reiferen | der reiferen | |
| dative | dem reiferen | der reiferen | dem reiferen | den reiferen | |
| accusative | den reiferen | die reifere | das reifere | die reiferen | |
| mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein reiferer | eine reifere | ein reiferes | (keine) reiferen |
| genitive | eines reiferen | einer reiferen | eines reiferen | (keiner) reiferen | |
| dative | einem reiferen | einer reiferen | einem reiferen | (keinen) reiferen | |
| accusative | einen reiferen | eine reifere | ein reiferes | (keine) reiferen | |
Superlative forms of reif
| number & gender | singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
| predicative | er ist am reifsten | sie ist am reifsten | es ist am reifsten | sie sind am reifsten | |
| strong declension (without article) |
nominative | reifster | reifste | reifstes | reifste |
| genitive | reifsten | reifster | reifsten | reifster | |
| dative | reifstem | reifster | reifstem | reifsten | |
| accusative | reifsten | reifste | reifstes | reifste | |
| weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der reifste | die reifste | das reifste | die reifsten |
| genitive | des reifsten | der reifsten | des reifsten | der reifsten | |
| dative | dem reifsten | der reifsten | dem reifsten | den reifsten | |
| accusative | den reifsten | die reifste | das reifste | die reifsten | |
| mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein reifster | eine reifste | ein reifstes | (keine) reifsten |
| genitive | eines reifsten | einer reifsten | eines reifsten | (keiner) reifsten | |
| dative | einem reifsten | einer reifsten | einem reifsten | (keinen) reifsten | |
| accusative | einen reifsten | eine reifste | ein reifstes | (keine) reifsten | |
AntonymsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- reif in Duden online
IcelandicEdit
LuxembourgishEdit
Middle EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old English rēaf, from Proto-Germanic *raubaz, *raubą, *raubō. Doublet of robe.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
reif (plural reves)
- A piece of clothing or gear, especially priestly.
- (rare) pillaging, looting; intense destruction.
- (rare) loot, spoils; the fruit of success.
- (rare) destructiveness; the quality of being damaging.
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “rēf (n.(1))” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-17.
- “rēf (n.(2))” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-17.