sūkt

See also: ṣukt

Latvian

Etymology

This word results from the conflation of two independent stems: Proto-Indo-European *sew-, *sū-, *su- (“juice, moisture; to press juice; to suck”) with an extra -k, yielding Proto-Baltic *sūk- > Latvian sūk-; and Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to drain, to dry up, to fall (water)”) with an infix n, yielding a reduced grade *sn̥k- > Proto-Baltic *sunk- > Latvian sūk-. Cognates via the first stem (*sew-k-) include Old High German sūgan, German saugen, Dutch zuigen, Latin sūgere, sūcus (“juice”); cognates via the second stem (*sn̥k-) include Lithuanian suñkti (“to press (juice)”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [sùːkt]

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Verb

sūkt (transitive, 1st conjugation, present sūcu, sūc, sūc, past sūcu)

to suck; to absorb, to pump (to cause liquids, gases, etc. to move by rarefying the air inside some instrument, body part (especially the mouth), etc.)
sūkt pienu ― to suck milk

dēles, odi sūc asinis ― leeches, mosquitoes suck blood

bites sūc ziedu sulu ― bees suck flower juice

sūkt dzērienu ar salmiņu ― to suck drink with a straw

sūkt dūmus no cigaretes ― to suck smoke from a cigarette

sūknis sūc ūdens ― the pump sucks, pumps water

audums sūc mitrumu ― the fabric sucks (up), absorbs moisture

augi sūc barības vielas ― plants suck (up) nutricious substances

lūpas apdedzinādams, Valdis sūca karsto kafiju un vēroja vīrus ― burning his lips, Valdis sucked, sipped the hot coffee and watched the men
to sip (to drink with the lips pressed together; to drink slowly)
Vaguļa brālēns sūca vēso limonādi, jo šī augusta diena bija vēl diezgan karsta ― Vagulis' cousin sipped cool lemonade, because that day of August was still rather hot

četri vīri sūca alu un vēroja svešnieku, kas turēja rokā kļavu lapas ― four men were sipping beer and observing the stranger who held maple leaves in (his) hands
to smoke (a pipe, a cigarette, etc.)
Ķimelis mierīgi sūca pīpi un izlikās neklausāmies sievas valodā ― Ķimelis quietly sucked, smoked his pipe not to listen to his wife's language (= what she was saying)

mēs klusējām un, domās iegrimuši, sūcām cigaretes ― we were silent and, absorbed in thought, we sucked, smoked cigarettes

Conjugation

Conjugation of **sūkt**
	indicative (īstenības izteiksme)					imperative (pavēles izteiksme)
		present (tagadne)	past (pagātne)		future (nākotne)	imperative (pavēles izteiksme)
1st person sg	es	sūcu	sūcu		sūkšu	—
2nd person sg	tu	sūc	sūci		sūksi	sūc
3rd person sg	viņš, viņa	sūc	sūca		sūks	lai sūc
1st person pl	mēs	sūcam	sūcām		sūksim	sūksim
2nd person pl	jūs	sūcat	sūcāt		sūksiet, sūksit	sūciet
3rd person pl	viņi, viņas	sūc	sūca		sūks	lai sūc

renarrative (atstāstījuma izteiksme)				participles (divdabji)
present	sūcot			present active 1 (adj.)		sūcošs
past	esot sūcis			present active 2 (adv.)		sūkdams
future	sūkšot			present active 3 (adv.)		sūcot
imperative	lai sūcot			present active 4 (obj.)		sūcam
conditional (vēlējuma izteiksme)				past active		sūcis
present	sūktu			present passive		sūcams
past	būtu sūcis			past passive		sūkts
debitive (vajadzības izteiksme)				nominal forms
indicative	(būt) jāsūc			infinitive (nenoteiksme)		sūkt
conjunctive 1	esot jāsūc			negative infinitive		nesūkt
conjunctive 2	jāsūcot			verbal noun		sūkšana

Synonyms

(especially iterative): sūkāt, sūkstīt
(especially mother's milk): zīst

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:

other derived terms:

sūcējs, sūcēja

Related terms

sūknis

References

^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “sūkt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎^[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

[1] Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “sūkt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎^[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

[1]