transpirar

Galician

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin transpiro, transpirare, from Latin trans + spiro.

Verb

transpirar (first-person singular present transpiro, first-person singular preterite transpirei, past participle transpirado)

1. to perspire, to sweat
2. (botany) to transpire (to move water up the plant and out the stomata)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of transpirar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	transpirar
Personal	transpirar	transpirares	transpirar	transpirarmos	transpirardes	transpiraren
Gerund
	transpirando
Past participle
Masculine	transpirado			transpirados
Feminine	transpirada			transpiradas
Indicative
Present	transpiro	transpiras	transpira	transpiramos	transpirades	transpiran
Imperfect	transpiraba	transpirabas	transpiraba	transpirabamos	transpirabades	transpiraban
Preterite	transpirei	transpiraches	transpirou	transpiramos	transpirastes	transpiraron
Pluperfect	transpirara	transpiraras	transpirara	transpiraramos	transpirarades	transpiraran
Future	transpirarei	transpirarás	transpirará	transpiraremos	transpiraredes	transpirarán
Conditional	transpiraría	transpirarías	transpiraría	transpirariamos	transpirariades	transpirarían
Subjunctive
Present	transpire	transpires	transpire	transpiremos	transpiredes	transpiren
Imperfect	transpirase	transpirases	transpirase	transpirásemos	transpirásedes	transpirasen
Future	transpirar	transpirares	transpirar	transpirarmos	transpirardes	transpiraren
Imperative
Affirmative		transpira	transpire	transpiremos	transpirade	transpiren
Negative (non)		non transpires	non transpire	non transpiremos	non transpiredes	non transpiren

    Reintegrated conjugation of transpirar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	transpirar
Personal	transpirar	transpirares	transpirar	transpirarmos	transpirardes	transpirarem
Gerund
	transpirando
Past participle
Masculine	transpirado			transpirados
Feminine	transpirada			transpiradas
Indicative
Present	transpiro	transpiras	transpira	transpiramos	transpirades, transpirais	transpiram
Imperfect	transpirava	transpiravas	transpirava	transpirávamos	transpirávades, transpiráveis, transpirávais1	transpiravam
Preterite	transpirei	transpiraste, transpirache1	transpirou	transpiramos	transpirastes	transpirárom, transpiraram
Pluperfect	transpirara	transpiraras	transpirara	transpiráramos	transpirárades, transpiráreis, transpirárais1	transpiraram
Future	transpirarei	transpirarás	transpirará	transpiraremos	transpiraredes, transpirareis	transpirarám, transpirarão
Conditional	transpiraria	transpirarias	transpiraria	transpiraríamos	transpiraríades, transpiraríeis, transpiraríais1	transpirariam
Subjunctive
Present	transpire	transpires	transpire	transpiremos	transpiredes, transpireis	transpirem
Imperfect	transpirasse	transpirasses	transpirasse	transpirássemos	transpirássedes, transpirásseis	transpirassem
Future	transpirar	transpirares	transpirar	transpirarmos	transpirardes	transpirarem
Imperative
Affirmative		transpira	transpire	transpiremos	transpirade, transpirai	transpirem
Negative (nom)		nom transpires	nom transpire	nom transpiremos	nom transpiredes, nom transpireis	nom transpirem

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• transpiración

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin trānspīrāre, from Latin trāns + spīrō.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ̃s.piˈɾa(ʁ)/ [tɾɐ̃s.piˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ̃s.piˈɾa(ʁ)/ [tɾɐ̃s.piˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ̃s.piˈɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ̃ʃ.piˈɾa(ʁ)/ [tɾɐ̃ʃ.piˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ̃s.piˈɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ̃ʃ.piˈɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ̃ʃ.piˈɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ̃ʃ.piˈɾa.ɾi/

Verb

transpirar (first-person singular present transpiro, first-person singular preterite transpirei, past participle transpirado)

1. (intransitive) to sweat; to perspire (to emit sweat)

   Synonyms: suar, perspirar

2. to transpire (to become known, public)

   Synonym: vazar

3. to express (to convey an emotion)

   Synonyms: exprimir, manifestar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of transpirar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	transpirar
Personal	transpirar	transpirares	transpirar	transpirarmos	transpirardes	transpirarem
Gerund
	transpirando
Past participle
Masculine	transpirado			transpirados
Feminine	transpirada			transpiradas
Indicative
Present	transpiro	transpiras	transpira	transpiramos	transpirais	transpiram
Imperfect	transpirava	transpiravas	transpirava	transpirávamos	transpiráveis	transpiravam
Preterite	transpirei	transpiraste	transpirou	transpiramos1, transpirámos2	transpirastes	transpiraram
Pluperfect	transpirara	transpiraras	transpirara	transpiráramos	transpiráreis	transpiraram
Future	transpirarei	transpirarás	transpirará	transpiraremos	transpirareis	transpirarão
Conditional	transpiraria	transpirarias	transpiraria	transpiraríamos	transpiraríeis	transpirariam
Subjunctive
Present	transpire	transpires	transpire	transpiremos	transpireis	transpirem
Imperfect	transpirasse	transpirasses	transpirasse	transpirássemos	transpirásseis	transpirassem
Future	transpirar	transpirares	transpirar	transpirarmos	transpirardes	transpirarem
Imperative
Affirmative		transpira	transpire	transpiremos	transpirai	transpirem
Negative (não)		não transpires	não transpire	não transpiremos	não transpireis	não transpirem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Alternative forms

• traspirar

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin trānspirāre, from Latin trāns + spiro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɾanspiˈɾaɾ/ [t̪ɾãns.piˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: trans‧pi‧rar

Verb

transpirar (first-person singular present transpiro, first-person singular preterite transpiré, past participle transpirado)

1. to transpire
2. to perspire, sweat

   Synonym: sudar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of transpirar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			transpirar
gerund			transpirando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		transpirado		transpirada
		plural		transpirados		transpiradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	transpiro	transpirastú transpirásvos	transpira	transpiramos	transpiráis	transpiran
	imperfect	transpiraba	transpirabas	transpiraba	transpirábamos	transpirabais	transpiraban
	preterite	transpiré	transpiraste	transpiró	transpiramos	transpirasteis	transpiraron
	future	transpiraré	transpirarás	transpirará	transpiraremos	transpiraréis	transpirarán
	conditional	transpiraría	transpirarías	transpiraría	transpiraríamos	transpiraríais	transpirarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	transpire	transpirestú transpirésvos2	transpire	transpiremos	transpiréis	transpiren
	imperfect (ra)	transpirara	transpiraras	transpirara	transpiráramos	transpirarais	transpiraran
	imperfect (se)	transpirase	transpirases	transpirase	transpirásemos	transpiraseis	transpirasen
	future1	transpirare	transpirares	transpirare	transpiráremos	transpirareis	transpiraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		transpiratú transpirávos	transpire	transpiremos	transpirad	transpiren
	negative		no transpires	no transpire	no transpiremos	no transpiréis	no transpiren

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Related terms

• transpirable
• transpiración

 

Further reading

• “transpirar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014