mal
Translingual edit
Symbol edit
mal
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from French mal (“illness”). Doublet of malus.
Noun edit
mal (plural mals)
- (only in set phrases) illness, affliction.
- a grand mal seizure
Derived terms edit
- (illness): grand mal, petit mal, mal de mer, mal du Suisse
Related terms edit
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
mal (plural mals)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Noun edit
mal (plural mals)
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Anagrams edit
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch mal, from Middle Dutch mal.
Adjective edit
mal (attributive mal, comparative maller, superlative malste)
Albanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Albanian *mala,[1] from Illyrian *mol-on. Vladimir Orel proposed Lithuanian malà (“land”) and Latvian mala (“bank, shore”) as cognates. Proto-Albanian *mal- reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym.[2][3] Preserved in patroynms, ethnonym malësor (“highlander, mountaineer”), in toponym (historical and ethnographic region) Malësia (north Albania and Montenegro). In Kosovo (Malishevë, Gjilan, Mališevo, Prizren), in Serbia (Maleševo (Golubac), Maleševo (Rekovac)) and the name of Maleshevo Mountain (North Macedonia and Bulgaria).[4] Gil'Ferding proposed Sanskrit मरु (marú, “wilderness, mountain, rock”) as a cognate. According to Michel Morvan a common pre-Indo-European substrate with Basque malda (“slope”) and malkor (“precipice”)[5] (cf. pre-Indo-European geonymic root *mal (*mel, *mol), Tamil மலை (malai, “hill, mountain”) and Malayalam മല (mala, “id”)).
La Piana and Huld suggested Old English molda (“forehead”) and Sanskrit मूर्धन् (mūrdhan, “head, top, summit”), both derived from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ. Also connected to Ancient Greek *μλωθρός (*mlōthrós), μέλαθρον (mélathron, “ridgepole”), βλαστάνω (blastánō, “to sprout, grow”). Compare also Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “lofty”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬋 (ka-mərəδō, “demon's head”), with a semantic development from ‘head’ > ‘summit’, compare malë (“tongue tip, tree top”)) > ‘mountain’.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
mal m (plural male, definite mali, definite plural malet)
- mount
- Mali i Korabit ― Mount Korab
- mountain
- Synonym: bjeshkë
- forest (Gheg)
- large amount of something
- Kam marrë një mal me letra. ― I've recieved a lot of papers.
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 243 → (“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1891) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache, Trübner, page 273
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1892) Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen, Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages 63, 78
- ^ Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995) Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1), Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York, →ISBN Invalid ISBN, page 718 → (Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[1]
- ^ Michel Morvan (1996) Les origines linguistiques du Basque (The linguistic origins of Basque), Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux, →ISBN
Aleut edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
mal
- to do
References edit
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Aromanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Cognate to Daco-Romanian mal. From Proto-Albanian *mala (“mountain”) (Albanian mal). Proto-Albanian *mal- reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym.[1][2][3][4] See Albanian mal (“mountain”) for more.
Noun edit
mal
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995) Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1), Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York, →ISBN Invalid ISBN, page 718 → (Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[2]
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 243 → (“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1891) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache, Trübner, page 273
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1892) Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen, Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages 63, 78
Azerbaijani edit
Etymology edit
From Arabic مَال (māl, “property”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
mal (definite accusative malı, plural mallar)
- property
- Synonym: əmlak
- goods, ware, commodity, product
- (colloquial) cargo
- cattle, livestock
- cow
- Synonym: inək
- beef (mostly in combination with ət (“meat”))
- mal əti ― beef
- (colloquial, by extension) a dumb, dull person; an idiot
- Nə var mal kimi durmusan orada? ― Don't stand there like an idiot!
- (colloquial, derogatory, by extension) a well-fed, plump woman
Declension edit
Declension of mal | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | mal |
mallar | ||||||
definite accusative | malı |
malları | ||||||
dative | mala |
mallara | ||||||
locative | malda |
mallarda | ||||||
ablative | maldan |
mallardan | ||||||
definite genitive | malın |
malların |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “mal” in Obastan.com.
Bouyei edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“to come”). Cognate with Thai มา (maa), Northern Thai ᨾᩣ (ma), Lao ມາ (mā), Lü ᦙᦱ (maa), Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā), 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa), Zhuang maz.
Verb edit
mal
- to come
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“dog”). Cognate with Thai หมา, Lao ໝາ (mā), Lü ᦖᦱ (ṁaa), Shan မႃ (mǎa), Zhuang ma.
Noun edit
mal
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Cara edit
Noun edit
mal
References edit
- R. Blench, The Rukul language of Central Nigeria and its affinities (2006) (mentions this word in notes)
Catalan edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Catalan mal, from Latin malus.
Noun edit
mal m (plural mals)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Catalan mal, from Latin male.
Adverb edit
mal
Derived terms edit
Adjective edit
mal (feminine mala, masculine plural mals, feminine plural males)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “mal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “mal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “mal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “mal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Cebuano edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish mal, apocopic form of malo (“evil”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
mal
Verb edit
mal
Cimbrian edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German māl, from Old High German māl, from Proto-West Germanic *māl, from Proto-Germanic *mēlą (“measurement; time; meal”). Cognate with German Mal, Mahl, English meal.
Noun edit
mal n
Related terms edit
References edit
- “mal” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Crimean Tatar edit
Etymology edit
From Arabic مال (māl, “property”).
Noun edit
mal
Declension edit
References edit
Dalmatian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
mal
Danish edit
Verb edit
mal
- imperative of male
Dutch edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old French modle, an old (11th century) borrowing from Latin modulus (“measure”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
mal f (plural mallen, diminutive malletje n)
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Dutch mal, of uncertain origin. Cognate with German malle. Possibly related to French mal (“bad”) or Dutch malen (“to grind, crush”) in the sense "broken, twisted."
Adjective edit
mal (comparative maller, superlative malst)
- foolish, crazy, lacking common sense
Usage notes edit
The adjective mal always refers to an aspect of a thing or person. It is the adjective form of the noun mallerd. For other senses, dwaas, dom and gek are used.
Inflection edit
Inflection of mal | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | mal | |||
inflected | malle | |||
comparative | maller | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | mal | maller | het malst het malste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | malle | mallere | malste |
n. sing. | mal | maller | malste | |
plural | malle | mallere | malste | |
definite | malle | mallere | malste | |
partitive | mals | mallers | — |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Afrikaans: mal
Further reading edit
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “mal1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Anagrams edit
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old French mal, from Latin malus, possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mel- (“bad, wrong”). Near cognates include Portuguese mal, Italian male and Spanish malo.
Noun edit
mal m (plural maux)
- (as in the phrase: avoir du mal) trouble, difficulty
- Synonyms: problème, emmerde, misère, difficulté
- J’ai du mal à m’imaginer ça. ― I have trouble imagining that.
- pain
- Synonym: douleur
- J’ai mal à la tête. ― I have a headache. (literally, “I have pain at the head.”)
- 1986, “Il était une fois … une maison des musiciens [There Once Was… a House of Musicians]”, in Il était une fois … une petite grenouille [There Once Was… a Little Frog] (fiction), Paris: CLE International:
- Aïe, j’ai mal au bras !
Ouille, j’ai mal aux dents! Et toi, le lit, tu n’as pas mal aux pieds ?
Non, mais j’ai mal à la tête.
Moi, j’ai mal aux oreilles !- Argh, my arms hurt!
Oww, my teeth hurt! How about you, bed, don't your legs hurt?
No, it's my head that hurts.
As for me, my ears hurt!
- Argh, my arms hurt!
- evil
- Le philosophe abordait de grandes questions du bon et du mal. ― The philosopher discussed broad questions of good and evil.
- damage, harm
Derived terms edit
- aux grands maux les grands remèdes
- avoir du mal
- avoir mal
- combattre le mal par le mal
- de deux maux, il faut choisir le moindre
- dire du mal
- en mal de
- entre deux maux, il faut choisir le moindre
- faire mal
- génie du mal
- le mal est fait
- le remède est pire que le mal
- mal de chien
- mal de débarquement
- mal de gorge
- mal de la route
- mal de l’air
- mal de mer
- mal de tête
- mal des transports
- mal du pays
- mal du pays
- mal du siècle
- mal nécessaire
- mettre à mal
- ne pas faire de mal à une mouche
- petit mal
- plus de peur que de mal
- prendre son mal en patience
- se donner du mal
- soigner le mal par le mal
- un mal pour un bien
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- → English: mal
Etymology 2 edit
From Old French, from Latin male.
Adverb edit
mal
- badly
- C’est mal fait. ― It's done badly.
Adjective edit
mal (feminine male, masculine plural maux, feminine plural males)
- (in set phrases and limited constructions) bad
- bon an, mal an ― good year, bad year
- bon gré, mal gré ― willy-nilly (literally, “good will, bad will”)
- Il est mal de [infinitive] ― It’s wrong to [infinitive]
- C’est mal de [infinitive] ― It’s wrong to [infinitive]
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- bien mal acquis ne profite jamais
- bon an mal an
- de mal en pis
- mal à l’aise
- mal à propos
- mal amanché
- mal baisé
- mal barré
- mal dans sa peau
- mal élevé
- mal embouché
- mal en point
- mal léché
- mal luné
- mal portant
- mal-aimé
- mal-être
- malade
- maladie
- maladresse
- maladroit
- malaise
- malaisé
- malentendu
- malfaisant
- malheur
- malséant
- pas mal
- prendre mal
- tant bien que mal
Further reading edit
- “mal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams edit
Galician edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese mal, from Latin male.
Adverb edit
mal
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese mal, from Latin malum.
Noun edit
mal m (plural males)
Etymology 3 edit
Adjective edit
mal m sg
Etymology 4 edit
Attested since circa 1300 (máále), from Latin manualis (“manual”). Cognate with Portuguese mangual.
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
mal m (plural males)
- flail
- c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 271:
- cõmo faz a lyma ao ferro, et a fornaz ao ouro que o purga et esmera et o faz puro et paresçe mellor, et cõmo faz outrosi o máále áá messe que a degrana em çeueyra et parte a palla do graão que e o mellor
- as the file does to iron, and the furnace to gold, that purges and cleans it and makes it pure and looks better; and also as the flail does to the harvest, that threshes it into sustenance and parts the straw and the grain, which is the best part
- 1474, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 67:
- Iten, preçaron hun maal en tres maravedis
- Item, they appraised a flail in three coins
- handle of the flail
References edit
- “mal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “maal” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “mal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “mal” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “mal” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
German edit
Etymology edit
From the noun Mal (“time”). Partly shortened from einmal, which is also derived from the noun.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /maːl/ (standard)
- IPA(key): /ma/ (colloquial)
Audio (file) - Homophones: Mahl, Mal, mahl
- Rhymes: -aːl
Adverb edit
mal
- times (indicating multiplication of two numbers)
- sechs mal sieben ist zweiundvierzig
- six times seven is forty-two
- (informal) Alternative form of einmal (“sometime, ever, once”), may serve to introduce a new information.
- Wenn du in Köln bist, musst du mal bei deiner Tante anrufen.
- When you’re in Cologne, you must call your aunt sometime.
- Ich geh mal zum Kaffeestand.
- I’m off to the coffee stall.
- (informal) Softening a sentence, thus making a request or command more polite. By extension, indicating a command or request.
- Haben Sie mal Feuer?
- Do you have a lighter [please]?
- Haste Feuer?
- D'ya have fire?
- Du musst mal deine Tante anrufen.
- You have to call your aunt.
Derived terms edit
Verb edit
mal
Further reading edit
- “mal (Adverb)” in Duden online
- “mal (Konjunktion)” in Duden online
- “mal (Partikel)” in Duden online
- “mal” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Guinea-Bissau Creole edit
Etymology edit
From Portuguese mal. Cognate with Kabuverdianu mal.
Adjective edit
mal
Related terms edit
Icelandic edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From mala (“to purr”).
Noun edit
mal n (genitive singular mals, no plural)
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
See malur.
Noun edit
mal
Indonesian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)
Etymology 2 edit
From Malay mal, from Arabic مَال (māl).
Noun edit
mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)
- treasure
- Synonyms: khazanah, harta benda
- synonym of dana
Etymology 3 edit
From Dutch mal (“mold, cast”), from Old French modle, from Latin modulus (“measure”). Doublet of modulus.
Noun edit
mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)
Etymology 4 edit
Noun edit
mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)
- shopping centre, mall.
- Synonyms: plaza, pusat perbelanjaan
Further reading edit
- “mal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Interlingua edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
mal (comparative plus mal, superlative le plus mal)
Adverb edit
mal (comparative plus mal, superlative le plus mal)
Noun edit
mal (plural males)
Italian edit
Noun edit
mal m (apocopated)
Kabuverdianu edit
Etymology edit
From Portuguese mal.
Adjective edit
mal
Related terms edit
Latvian edit
Verb edit
mal
- inflection of malt:
Lombard edit
Etymology edit
Akin to Italian male, from Latin malus.
Adjective edit
mal
Mangas edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
mal
References edit
- Blench, Robert; Bulkaam, Michael (2021) An Introduction to Mantsi, a South Bauchi language of Central Nigeria. University of Cambridge.
Middle English edit
Noun edit
mal
- Alternative form of male
Adjective edit
mal
- Alternative form of male
Middle French edit
Etymology edit
From Old French mal.
Noun edit
mal m (plural maulx)
Descendants edit
Adjective edit
mal m (feminine singular male or malle, masculine plural maulx, feminine plural males or malles)
Descendants edit
- French: mal
Middle Welsh edit
Noun edit
mal
Miraya Bikol edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Malay mahal. Compare Bikol Central mahal and Tagalog mahal.
Adjective edit
mal
Norman edit
Etymology edit
From Old French mal, from Latin male.
Adverb edit
mal
Adjective edit
mal
Northern Kurdish edit
Etymology edit
Possibly from Arabic مَال (māl, “property, possesion; estate”).
Noun edit
mal f
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
mal m (definite singular malen, indefinite plural maler, definite plural malene)
- a template
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
mal
- imperative of male
References edit
- “mal” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
mal m (definite singular malen, indefinite plural malar, definite plural malane)
- a template
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
mal
- imperative of mala
References edit
- “mal” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *mailą.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
māl n
Declension edit
Descendants edit
Old French edit
Etymology 1 edit
Adverb edit
mal
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
mal oblique singular, m (oblique plural maus or max or mals, nominative singular maus or max or mals, nominative plural mal)
Descendants edit
Adjective edit
mal m (oblique and nominative feminine singular male, comparative peior, superlative peior)
- bad (undesirable; not good)
Descendants edit
Old Galician-Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
From Latin male (“badly; wrongly”).
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
mal
Descendants edit
Old Occitan edit
Etymology edit
From Latin malus. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French mal.
Adjective edit
mal
- bad (negative)
- bad (evil)
Descendants edit
- Occitan: mal
References edit
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “malus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 6/1: Mabile–Mephitis, pages 123–128
Phalura edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
mal f (Perso-Arabic spelling مل)
- goats
Inflection edit
i-decl (Obl): -í
References edit
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese mal, from Latin male (“badly; wrongly”).
Alternative forms edit
- mar (eye dialect spelling, representing Caipira Portuguese)
Adverb edit
mal (comparable, comparative pior)
- badly (in a faulty, dysfunctional or incorrect manner)
- O carro está a funcionar/funcionando bem mal.
- The car is running pretty badly.
- (O) João fala inglês mal.
- John speaks English badly.
- (preceding verbs) hardly; barely
- Ele mal consegue estudar com todo este barulho.
- He can hardly study with all this noise.
- wrong (incorrect)
- A resposta está mal.
- The answer is wrong.
- unfavourably (in an unfavourable manner)
- Penso mal de ti.
- I think unfavourably of you.
- Ele fala mal de ti.
- He speaks unfavourably of you.
- (in compounds) evilly
- mal-assombrado ― haunted (literally, “evilly-shadowed”)
- mal-agourado ― cursed (literally, “evilly-foreboded”)
Quotations edit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:mal.
Synonyms edit
Conjunction edit
mal
- have/had just; have/had barely
- Mal tinha saído quando a encontrei.
- I had barely gone out when I found her.
Quotations edit
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:mal.
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
mal m (plural males)
- (uncountable) evil (malevolent forces or behaviour)
- As forças do mal cercaram o castelo.
- The forces of evil sieged the castle.
- harm
- Ela não fez por mal.
- She meant no harm.
- Não faz mal.
- No problem. (It does not matter.)
- malady (any ailment or disease, especially a lingering one)
- Males como a SIDA e pneumonia são mortais.
- Illnesses such as AIDS and pneumonia are deadly.
Quotations edit
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:mal.
Synonyms edit
- (sickness or syndrome): maladia
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Adjective edit
mal
Descendants edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Cognate to Aromanian mal and meal. From Proto-Albanian *mala (“mountain”) (Standard Albanian mal).[1][2][3][4] See Albanian mal (“mountain”) for more.
Noun edit
mal n (plural maluri)
Declension edit
References edit
- ^ Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995) Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1), Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York, →ISBN, page 718 → (Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[3]
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 243 → (“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1891) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache, Trübner, page 273
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1892) Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen, Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages 63, 78
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *malъ, from Proto-Indo-European *moh₁los.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
mȃl (definite mȃlī, comparative mȁnjī, Cyrillic spelling ма̑л)
Declension edit
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | mal | mala | malo | |
genitive | mala | male | mala | |
dative | malu | maloj | malu | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
mal mala |
malu | malo |
vocative | mal | mala | malo | |
locative | malu | maloj | malu | |
instrumental | malim | malom | malim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | mali | male | mala | |
genitive | malih | malih | malih | |
dative | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) | |
accusative | male | male | mala | |
vocative | mali | male | mala | |
locative | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) | |
instrumental | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | mali | mala | malo | |
genitive | malog(a) | male | malog(a) | |
dative | malom(u/e) | maloj | malom(u/e) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
mali malog(a) |
malu | malo |
vocative | mali | mala | malo | |
locative | malom(e/u) | maloj | malom(e/u) | |
instrumental | malim | malom | malim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | mali | male | mala | |
genitive | malih | malih | malih | |
dative | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) | |
accusative | male | male | mala | |
vocative | mali | male | mala | |
locative | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) | |
instrumental | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | manji | manja | manje | |
genitive | manjeg(a) | manje | manjeg(a) | |
dative | manjem(u) | manjoj | manjem(u) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
manji manjeg(a) |
manju | manje |
vocative | manji | manja | manje | |
locative | manjem(u) | manjoj | manjem(u) | |
instrumental | manjim | manjom | manjim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | manji | manje | manja | |
genitive | manjih | manjih | manjih | |
dative | manjim(a) | manjim(a) | manjim(a) | |
accusative | manje | manje | manja | |
vocative | manji | manje | manja | |
locative | manjim(a) | manjim(a) | manjim(a) | |
instrumental | manjim(a) | manjim(a) | manjim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | najmanji | najmanja | najmanje | |
genitive | najmanjeg(a) | najmanje | najmanjeg(a) | |
dative | najmanjem(u) | najmanjoj | najmanjem(u) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
najmanji najmanjeg(a) |
najmanju | najmanje |
vocative | najmanji | najmanja | najmanje | |
locative | najmanjem(u) | najmanjoj | najmanjem(u) | |
instrumental | najmanjim | najmanjom | najmanjim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | najmanji | najmanje | najmanja | |
genitive | najmanjih | najmanjih | najmanjih | |
dative | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) | |
accusative | najmanje | najmanje | najmanja | |
vocative | najmanji | najmanje | najmanja | |
locative | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) | |
instrumental | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) |
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “mal” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Slovak edit
Pronunciation edit
Participle edit
mal
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Apocopic form of malo, from Latin malus, possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mel- (“bad, wrong”).
Adjective edit
mal m (apocopate, standard form malo)
- (before the noun) Apocopic form of malo bad; evil
- amiss, awry, off, wrong
- Me di cuenta de que algo estaba mal.
- I realized something was amiss.
Usage notes edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Adverb edit
mal (comparative peor)
- badly, poorly, ill
- No hables mal de los muertos.
- Don't speak ill of the dead.
- Qué mal.
- Too bad. / That's too bad.
- awry, amiss, wrong, wrongly
- Tu plan maestro salió mal bastante rápido
- Your master plan went awry pretty quickly.
- hard (functions as an adverb in Spanish but translates as an adjective in English)
- Estoy pasándolo mal con todo ahora mismo.
- I'm just having a hard time with everything right now.
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
mal m (plural males)
- evil, harm; a bad thing or situation
- de mal en peor ― from bad to worse
- disease, illness, ailment
- ... le curaremos, si es que su mal tiene cura...
- ... we shall cure him, if his ailment has a cure...
- (Cervantes, Quijote, ch. 23)
- worse (substantive)
- para bien o para mal ― for better or for worse
Derived terms edit
- a grandes males, grandes remedios
- árbol de la ciencia del bien y del mal
- dar más mal que un hijo tonto
- de mal a mal
- eje del mal
- mal de bubas
- mal de la rosa
- mal de la tierra
- mal de Loanda
- mal de madre
- mal de montaña
- mal de orina
- mal de piedra
- mal de pinto
- mal de san Lázaro
- mal del puerco
- mal francés
- mal necesario
- mal que
- no hay mal que por bien no venga
- perro del mal
Further reading edit
- “mal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse mǫlr, from Proto-Germanic *malwan, from Proto-Indo-European *molH-(y)o-. See also Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍉 (malō) and German Milbe.
Noun edit
mal c
Declension edit
Declension of mal | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | mal | malen | malar | malarna |
Genitive | mals | malens | malars | malarnas |
See also edit
References edit
- mal in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- mal in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- mal in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
mal
- inflection of mala:
Anagrams edit
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish مال (mal), from Arabic مَال (māl, “property”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
mal (definite accusative malı, plural mallar or (dated) emval)
- cattle
- goods, property
- asset
- (economy) merchandise
- (law) goods, commodity
- (colloquial, derogatory) (no equivalent expression; likely) an expendable or ignorable stupid and annoying person, douche, prick
- (slang, vulgar) a prostitute
- (slang) heroin
Declension edit
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | mal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | malı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | mal | mallar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | malı | malları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | mala | mallara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | malda | mallarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | maldan | mallardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | malın | malların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Albanian: mall
Further reading edit
- “mal”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
West Albay Bikol edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Malay mahal. Compare Bikol Central mahal and Tagalog mahal.
Adjective edit
mal
Woleaian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
mal
Zou edit
Noun edit
mal
References edit
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 45