Ukrainian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Ruthenian тримати (trimati), from Old Polish trzymać, from Proto-Slavic *trimati.[1][2]

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [treˈmate]
  • IPA(key): [ˈtrɪmɐte] (proscribed or dialectal)
  • (file)

Verb edit

трима́ти (trymátyimpf (transitive)

  1. to hold (to grip or grasp)
    трима́ти рука́миtrymáty rukámyto hold with one's hands
    трима́ти в зуба́хtrymáty v zubáxto hold in one's teeth
  2. to hold, to keep (to keep in a certain position or state)
    трима́ти у стра́хуtrymáty u stráxuto frighten, to terrify
    трима́ти у пові́тріtrymáty u povítrito keep in the air
    трима́ти в зару́чникахtrymáty v zarúčnykaxto hold hostage
  3. to hold back, to detain, to stop, to keep (to prevent from commencing an action)
    що тебе́ тут трима́є?ščo tebé tut trymáje?What is keeping/keeps you here?
    це єди́на річ, яка́ мене́ трима́тає від...ce jedýna rič, jaká mené trymátaje vid...This is the only thing keeping me from...
  4. to bear, to support, to prop up, to undergird (to prevent from collapsing/falling apart)
  5. to keep (to continue in (a course or mode of action); to uphold or maintain)
    трима́ти ві́дстаньtrymáty vídstanʹto keep distance
    трима́ти мовча́нняtrymáty movčánnjato keep silence
    трима́ти курсtrymáty kursto head, to be headed
  6. to store (to keep something in a designated place while not in use)
    трима́ти у пам'ятіtrymáty u pamʺjatito keep in one's memory, to remember
    трима́ти в холоди́льникуtrymáty v xolodýlʹnykuto keep/store in the fridge
  7. to keep, to own (of living creatures, plants)
    трима́ти коне́йtrymáty konéjto keep horses
    трима́ти рабі́вtrymáty rabívto keep slaves
  8. (colloquial) to take for, to think of as (strictly in a negative sense: to take accusative (someone) + за (for) + accusative (someone))
    трима́ти за ду́рняtrymáty za dúrnjato take someone for a fool
  9. (rare) to persist

Conjugation edit

Derived terms edit

Prefixed verbs

References edit

  1. ^ Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2017), “трымаць”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 14 (трапкі́ – тэ́чка), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 162
  2. ^ Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “trzymać”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna, page 601