See also: ь, ѣ, Ъ, and Ь

ъ U+044A, ъ
CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HARD SIGN
щ
[U+0449]
Cyrillic ы
[U+044B]
U+1C86, ᲆ
CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TALL HARD SIGN

[U+1C85]
Cyrillic Extended-C
[U+1C87]

Translingual edit

 
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Letter edit

ъ (upper case Ъ)

  1. A letter of the Cyrillic script, called hard sign.

Letter edit

ъ (upper case Ъ)

  1. A letter of the Old Cyrillic script, called back yer or yeru.

Gallery edit

Abaza edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʔ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The sixty-sixth letter of the Abaza alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Adyghe edit

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The fifty-ninth letter of the Adyghe alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

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Aghul edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʔ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The forty-seventh letter of the Aghul alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

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Alutor edit

Letter edit

ъ (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-fourth letter of the Alutor alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

YOU‘RE STUPID!

Avar edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʔ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The forty-first letter of the Avar alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

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Bashkir edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-sixth letter of the Bashkir alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Bulgarian edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

ъ (ǎ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The twenty-seventh letter of the Bulgarian alphabet, called ер голям (er goljam), and written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Buryat edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Buryat alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

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Chechen edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʔ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The forty-first letter of the Chechen alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

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Chukchi edit

Letter edit

ъ (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Chukchi alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Chuvash edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-second letter of the Chuvash alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Crimean Tatar edit

Letter edit

ъ (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-second letter of the Crimean Tatar alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

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Dargwa edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʾ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The forty-first letter of the Dargwa alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Dungan edit

Letter edit

ъ (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-third letter of the Dungan alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Eastern Mari edit

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Eastern Mari alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Even edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Even alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

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Evenki edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Evenki alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Ingush edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʔ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-ninth letter of the Ingush alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

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Itelmen edit

Letter edit

ъ (transliteration needed) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The forty-second letter of the Itelmen alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Kabardian edit

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The fifty-third letter of the Kabardian alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Kalmyk edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-fourth letter of the Kalmyk alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Kazakh edit

Alternative scripts
Arabic n/a
Cyrillic ъ
Latin n/a
Yañalif ʼ

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-sixth letter of the Kazakh alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Khakas edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-fourth letter of the Khakas alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Kumyk edit

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-fourth letter of the Kumyk alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Kyrgyz edit

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Kyrgyz alphabet, called ажыратуу белгиси (ajıratuu belgisi), and written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Lezgi edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʾ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The fortieth letter of the Lezgi alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Mongolian edit

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirtieth letter of the Mongolian alphabet, called хатуугийн тэмдэг (xatuugiin temdeg), and written in the Cyrillic script.

Usage notes edit

Due to its rarity, the hard sign ъ is sometimes replaced by the more common soft sign ь (ʹ).

See also edit

Nivkh edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The forty-first letter of the Nivkh alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Northern Mansi edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-fifth letter of the Northern Mansi alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Ossetian edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-eighth letter of the Ossetian alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

Usage notes edit

Only used in Russian borrowings.

See also edit

Russian edit

Pronunciation edit

This letter has no pronunciation of its own. It instead functions as a graphic sign.

Letter edit

ъ (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The twenty-eighth letter of the Russian alphabet, called твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak), and written in the Cyrillic script.

Usage notes edit

The hard sign has no sound of its own, but modifies that of the preceding consonant by causing it to be pronounced unpalatalized (i.e. hard). Some writers use an apostrophe instead of ъ (e.g. съезд (sʺjezd)с'езд (s’ezd)) which is considered non-standard or obsolete.

Before the 1918 spelling reform, ъ also appeared after every final consonant except й (e.g. грѣхъ (grěx, sin, fault)), or after words like въ (v, in, to) and съ (s, with) that are nowadays spelled as only a single consonant. After the 1918 spelling reform, when the usage of ъ was heavily reduced, some typewriters did not have the letter at all, forcing people to use an apostrophe.

See also edit

Southern Altai edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-second letter of the Southern Altai alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Tabasaran edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʾ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The forty-first letter of the Tabasaran alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Tajik edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʾ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-second letter of the Tajik alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Tatar edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-fourth letter of the Tatar alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Tundra Nenets edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Tundra Nenets alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Tuvan edit

Letter edit

ъ (ʺ) (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Tuvan alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Udmurt edit

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-third letter of the Udmurt alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Uzbek edit

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The twenty-seventh letter of the Uzbek alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Western Mari edit

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-first letter of the Western Mari alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit

Yakut edit

Letter edit

ъ () (lower case, upper case Ъ)

  1. The thirty-fifth letter of the Yakut alphabet, called кытаанах бэлиэ (kıtaanaq belie), and written in the Cyrillic script.

See also edit