करण

See also: करणे, कर्ण, करुणा, and कारण

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit करण (karaṇa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /kə.ɾəɳ/, [kɐ.ɾɐ̃ɳ]

Noun

करण • (karaṇ) m

1. articulation
2. instrument
3. function; doing

Declension

Declension of करण (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	करण karaṇ	करण karaṇ
oblique	करण karaṇ	करणों karaṇõ
vocative	करण karaṇ	करणो karaṇo

Derived terms

• अनुकरण (anukraṇ)
• अनुलिपिकरण (anulipikraṇ)
• अलंकरण (alaṅkraṇ)
• अस्वीकरण (asvīkraṇ)
• उद्योगीकरण (udyogīkraṇ)
• एकीकरण (ekīkraṇ)
• केंन्द्रीकरण (kẽndrīkraṇ)
• नवीकरण (navīkraṇ)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “करण”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• karaṇa (Latin script)
• 𑀓𑀭𑀡 (Brahmi script)
• করণ (Bengali script)
• කරණ (Sinhalese script)
• ကရဏ or ၵရꧣ (Burmese script)
• กรณ or กะระณะ (Thai script)
• ᨠᩁᨱ (Tai Tham script)
• ກຣຓ or ກະຣະຓະ (Lao script)
• ករណ (Khmer script)
• 𑄇𑄢𑄕 (Chakma script)

Noun

करण n

1. Devanagari script form of karaṇa

Declension

Declension table of "करण" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	करणं (karaṇaṃ)	करणानि (karaṇāni)
Accusative (second)	करणं (karaṇaṃ)	करणानि (karaṇāni)
Instrumental (third)	करणेन (karaṇena)	करणेहि (karaṇehi) or करणेभि (karaṇebhi)
Dative (fourth)	करणस्स (karaṇassa) or करणाय (karaṇāya) or करणत्थं (karaṇatthaṃ)	करणानं (karaṇānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	करणस्मा (karaṇasmā) or करणम्हा (karaṇamhā) or करणा (karaṇā)	करणेहि (karaṇehi) or करणेभि (karaṇebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	करणस्स (karaṇassa)	करणानं (karaṇānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	करणस्मिं (karaṇasmiṃ) or करणम्हि (karaṇamhi) or करणे (karaṇe)	करणेसु (karaṇesu)
Vocative (calling)	करण (karaṇa)	करणानि (karaṇāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• কৰণ (Assamese script)
• ᬓᬭᬡ (Balinese script)
• করণ (Bengali script)
• 𑰎𑰨𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀓𑀭𑀡 (Brahmi script)
• ကရဏ (Burmese script)
• કરણ (Gujarati script)
• ਕਰਣ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌕𑌰𑌣 (Grantha script)
• ꦏꦫꦟ (Javanese script)
• 𑂍𑂩𑂝 (Kaithi script)
• ಕರಣ (Kannada script)
• ករណ (Khmer script)
• ກຣຓ (Lao script)
• കരണ (Malayalam script)
• ᡬᠠᡵᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘎𑘨𑘜 (Modi script)
• ᢉᠠᠷᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦮𑧈𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐎𑐬𑐞 (Newa script)
• କରଣ (Odia script)
• ꢒꢬꢠ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆑𑆫𑆟 (Sharada script)
• 𑖎𑖨𑖜 (Siddham script)
• කරණ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩜𑩼𑩪 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚊𑚤𑚘 (Takri script)
• கரண (Tamil script)
• కరణ (Telugu script)
• กรณ (Thai script)
• ཀ་ར་ཎ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒏𑒩𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨋𑨫𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Derived from the root कृ (kṛ) +‎ -अन (-ana).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɐ́.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈkɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/

Adjective

करण • (karaṇa) stem

1. doing, making, effecting, causing
2. clever, skillful

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of करण (karaṇa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	करणः karaṇaḥ	करणौ / करणा¹ karaṇau / karaṇā¹	करणाः / करणासः¹ karaṇāḥ / karaṇāsaḥ¹
Vocative	करण karaṇa	करणौ / करणा¹ karaṇau / karaṇā¹	करणाः / करणासः¹ karaṇāḥ / karaṇāsaḥ¹
Accusative	करणम् karaṇam	करणौ / करणा¹ karaṇau / karaṇā¹	करणान् karaṇān
Instrumental	करणेन karaṇena	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणैः / करणेभिः¹ karaṇaiḥ / karaṇebhiḥ¹
Dative	करणाय karaṇāya	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणेभ्यः karaṇebhyaḥ
Ablative	करणात् karaṇāt	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणेभ्यः karaṇebhyaḥ
Genitive	करणस्य karaṇasya	करणयोः karaṇayoḥ	करणानाम् karaṇānām
Locative	करणे karaṇe	करणयोः karaṇayoḥ	करणेषु karaṇeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of करणी (karaṇī)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	करणी karaṇī	करण्यौ / करणी¹ karaṇyau / karaṇī¹	करण्यः / करणीः¹ karaṇyaḥ / karaṇīḥ¹
Vocative	करणि karaṇi	करण्यौ / करणी¹ karaṇyau / karaṇī¹	करण्यः / करणीः¹ karaṇyaḥ / karaṇīḥ¹
Accusative	करणीम् karaṇīm	करण्यौ / करणी¹ karaṇyau / karaṇī¹	करणीः karaṇīḥ
Instrumental	करण्या karaṇyā	करणीभ्याम् karaṇībhyām	करणीभिः karaṇībhiḥ
Dative	करण्यै karaṇyai	करणीभ्याम् karaṇībhyām	करणीभ्यः karaṇībhyaḥ
Ablative	करण्याः / करण्यै² karaṇyāḥ / karaṇyai²	करणीभ्याम् karaṇībhyām	करणीभ्यः karaṇībhyaḥ
Genitive	करण्याः / करण्यै² karaṇyāḥ / karaṇyai²	करण्योः karaṇyoḥ	करणीनाम् karaṇīnām
Locative	करण्याम् karaṇyām	करण्योः karaṇyoḥ	करणीषु karaṇīṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of करण (karaṇa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	करणम् karaṇam	करणे karaṇe	करणानि / करणा¹ karaṇāni / karaṇā¹
Vocative	करण karaṇa	करणे karaṇe	करणानि / करणा¹ karaṇāni / karaṇā¹
Accusative	करणम् karaṇam	करणे karaṇe	करणानि / करणा¹ karaṇāni / karaṇā¹
Instrumental	करणेन karaṇena	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणैः / करणेभिः¹ karaṇaiḥ / karaṇebhiḥ¹
Dative	करणाय karaṇāya	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणेभ्यः karaṇebhyaḥ
Ablative	करणात् karaṇāt	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणेभ्यः karaṇebhyaḥ
Genitive	करणस्य karaṇasya	करणयोः karaṇayoḥ	करणानाम् karaṇānām
Locative	करणे karaṇe	करणयोः karaṇayoḥ	करणेषु karaṇeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

करण • (karaṇa) stem, m

1. helper, companion
2. a man of a mixed class
3. writer, scribe
4. (music) a kind of time

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of करण (karaṇa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	करणः karaṇaḥ	करणौ / करणा¹ karaṇau / karaṇā¹	करणाः / करणासः¹ karaṇāḥ / karaṇāsaḥ¹
Vocative	करण karaṇa	करणौ / करणा¹ karaṇau / karaṇā¹	करणाः / करणासः¹ karaṇāḥ / karaṇāsaḥ¹
Accusative	करणम् karaṇam	करणौ / करणा¹ karaṇau / karaṇā¹	करणान् karaṇān
Instrumental	करणेन karaṇena	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणैः / करणेभिः¹ karaṇaiḥ / karaṇebhiḥ¹
Dative	करणाय karaṇāya	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणेभ्यः karaṇebhyaḥ
Ablative	करणात् karaṇāt	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणेभ्यः karaṇebhyaḥ
Genitive	करणस्य karaṇasya	करणयोः karaṇayoḥ	करणानाम् karaṇānām
Locative	करणे karaṇe	करणयोः karaṇayoḥ	करणेषु karaṇeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• → Arabic: كَرَّانِيّ (karrāniyy)
  • → Swahili: karani
    • → Kikuyu: karani
    • → Malagasy:
• → Malay: kerani / کراني, Malay: kerana
  • Indonesian: kerani
  • → Tagalog: kawaní
• → Tamil: கிரானி (kirāṉi)

Noun

करण • (karaṇa) stem, n

1. the act of making, doing, producing, effecting
2. act, deed
3. action, especially a religious one
4. the special business of any tribe or caste
5. calculation, especially an astronomical one
6. an astrological division of the day
7. (linguistics) pronunciation, articulation
8. (grammar) a sound or word as an independent part of speech
9. the posture of an ascetic
10. a posture in sexual intercourse
11. instrument, means of action
12. an organ of sense or of speech
13. (law) instrument, document, bond
14. (grammar) the means or instrument by which an action is effected, the idea expressed by the instrumental case, instrumentality
15. spell, charm
16. rhythm, time
17. body
18. field
19. mind, heart
20. grain

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of करण (karaṇa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	करणम् karaṇam	करणे karaṇe	करणानि / करणा¹ karaṇāni / karaṇā¹
Vocative	करण karaṇa	करणे karaṇe	करणानि / करणा¹ karaṇāni / karaṇā¹
Accusative	करणम् karaṇam	करणे karaṇe	करणानि / करणा¹ karaṇāni / karaṇā¹
Instrumental	करणेन karaṇena	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणैः / करणेभिः¹ karaṇaiḥ / karaṇebhiḥ¹
Dative	करणाय karaṇāya	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणेभ्यः karaṇebhyaḥ
Ablative	करणात् karaṇāt	करणाभ्याम् karaṇābhyām	करणेभ्यः karaṇebhyaḥ
Genitive	करणस्य karaṇasya	करणयोः karaṇayoḥ	करणानाम् karaṇānām
Locative	करणे karaṇe	करणयोः karaṇayoḥ	करणेषु karaṇeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• उपकरण (upakaraṇa)

Descendants

• → Hindi: करण (karaṇ)
• Pali: karaṇa

References

• Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2013) Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 383
• Monier Williams (1899) “करण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0254.

Further reading

• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “karaṇa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.