पा
See also: -पा
Hindi edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
पा • (pā)
- inflection of पाना (pānā):
Sanskrit edit
Alternative scripts edit
Alternative scripts
- পা (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬵ (Balinese script)
- পা (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ပါ (Burmese script)
- પા (Gujarati script)
- ਪਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಪಾ (Kannada script)
- បា (Khmer script)
- ປາ (Lao script)
- പാ (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠠᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐵 (Newa script)
- ପା (Odia script)
- ꢦꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖯 (Siddham script)
- පා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚭 (Takri script)
- பா (Tamil script)
- పా (Telugu script)
- ปา (Thai script)
- པཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect”); compare Latin pāscō (“to feed, maintain”). Probably not related to पाल (pāla, “guard”), despite popular folk etymology; see there for more.
Root edit
पा • (pā)
- to watch, keep, preserve
- to protect from, defend against
- to protect (a country), i.e. rule, govern
- to observe, notice, attend to, follow
Derived terms edit
Adjective edit
पा • (pā) stem
- keeping, protecting, guarding, etc.
Declension edit
| Masculine a-stem declension of पा | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | पाः (pāḥ) | ||
| Gen. sg. | पास्य (pāsya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | पाः (pāḥ) | पाौ | पााः |
| Vocative | पा (pā) | पाौ | पााः |
| Accusative | पाम् (pām) | पाौ | पाान् |
| Instrumental | पोन (pona) | पााभ्याम् | पौः (pauḥ) |
| Dative | पााय | पााभ्याम् | पोभ्यः (pobhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | पाात् | पााभ्याम् | पोभ्यः (pobhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | पास्य (pāsya) | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पाानाम् |
| Locative | पो (po) | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पोषु (poṣu) |
| Feminine ā-stem declension of पा | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | पाा | ||
| Gen. sg. | पाायाः | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | पाा | पो (po) | पााः |
| Vocative | पो (po) | पो (po) | पााः |
| Accusative | पााम् | पो (po) | पााः |
| Instrumental | पाया (pāyā) | पााभ्याम् | पााभिः |
| Dative | पाायै | पााभ्याम् | पााभ्यः |
| Ablative | पाायाः | पााभ्याम् | पााभ्यः |
| Genitive | पाायाः | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पाानाम् |
| Locative | पाायाम् | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पाासु |
| Neuter a-stem declension of पा | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | पाम् (pām) | ||
| Gen. sg. | पास्य (pāsya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | पाम् (pām) | पो (po) | पाानि |
| Vocative | पा (pā) | पो (po) | पाानि |
| Accusative | पाम् (pām) | पो (po) | पाानि |
| Instrumental | पोन (pona) | पााभ्याम् | पौः (pauḥ) |
| Dative | पााय | पााभ्याम् | पोभ्यः (pobhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | पाात् | पााभ्याम् | पोभ्यः (pobhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | पास्य (pāsya) | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पाानाम् |
| Locative | पो (po) | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पोषु (poṣu) |
Noun edit
पा • (pā) stem, f
- guarding, protecting
Declension edit
| Feminine ā-stem declension of पा (pā) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | पाः pāḥ |
पौ / पा¹ pau / pā¹ |
पाः pāḥ |
| Vocative | पाः pāḥ |
पौ / पा¹ pau / pā¹ |
पाः pāḥ |
| Accusative | पाम् pām |
पौ / पा¹ pau / pā¹ |
पाः / पः² pāḥ / paḥ² |
| Instrumental | पा pā |
पाभ्याम् pābhyām |
पाभिः pābhiḥ |
| Dative | पे pe |
पाभ्याम् pābhyām |
पाभ्यः pābhyaḥ |
| Ablative | पः paḥ |
पाभ्याम् pābhyām |
पाभ्यः pābhyaḥ |
| Genitive | पः paḥ |
पोः poḥ |
पानाम् / पाम्² pānām / pām² |
| Locative | पि pi |
पोः poḥ |
पासु pāsu |
| Notes |
| ||
References edit
- Monier Williams (1899) “पा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 573/2, 613/2.
- William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 096
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 112-3
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Indo-European *peh₃- (“to drink”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek πόσις (pósis) whence symposium (“drinking together”); Latin pōtō whence English potion and poison; Proto-Slavic *pivo (“beer”). Also compare the noun पात्र (pātra, “drinking vessel, goblet”).
Root edit
पा • (pā)
- to drink, quaff, suck, sip, swallow
- (figuratively) to imbibe, draw in, appropriate, enjoy, feast upon (with the eyes, ears, etc.)
- to drink up, exhaust, absorb
- to drink intoxicating liquors
Derived terms edit
- अपात् (apāt)
- अपीप्यत् (apīpyat)
- अपुः (apuḥ)
- पपाथ (papātha)
- पपान (papāna)
- पपान (papāna)
- पपिथ (papitha)
- पपिरे (papire)
- पपिवस् (papivas)
- पपीयात् (papīyāt)
- पपे (pape)
- पपौ (papau)
- पातवे (pātave)
- पातवै (pātavai)
- पाता (pātā)
- पाति (pāti)
- पातुम् (pātum)
- पाथस् (pāthas)
- पान्ति (pānti)
- पायम् (pāyam)
- पाययति (pāyayati)
- पाययते (pāyayate)
- पाययाम् (pāyayām)
- पाययितवै (pāyayitavai)
- पाययित्वा (pāyayitvā)
- पास्यति (pāsyati)
- पास्यते (pāsyate)
- पिपति (pipati)
- पिपान (pipāna)
- पिपाययिषति (pipāyayiṣati)
- पिपासति (pipāsati)
- पिपीषति (pipīṣati)
- पिबति (pibati)
- पिबते (pibate)
- पिबध्यै (pibadhyai)
- पीत्वा (pītvā)
- पीत्वी (pītvī)
- पीयते (pīyate)
- पेपीयते (pepīyate)
- पेपीयमान (pepīyamāna)
- पेयास् (peyās)
Adjective edit
पा • (pā) stem
Declension edit
| Masculine a-stem declension of पा | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | पाः (pāḥ) | ||
| Gen. sg. | पास्य (pāsya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | पाः (pāḥ) | पाौ | पााः |
| Vocative | पा (pā) | पाौ | पााः |
| Accusative | पाम् (pām) | पाौ | पाान् |
| Instrumental | पोन (pona) | पााभ्याम् | पौः (pauḥ) |
| Dative | पााय | पााभ्याम् | पोभ्यः (pobhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | पाात् | पााभ्याम् | पोभ्यः (pobhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | पास्य (pāsya) | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पाानाम् |
| Locative | पो (po) | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पोषु (poṣu) |
| Feminine ā-stem declension of पा | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | पाा | ||
| Gen. sg. | पाायाः | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | पाा | पो (po) | पााः |
| Vocative | पो (po) | पो (po) | पााः |
| Accusative | पााम् | पो (po) | पााः |
| Instrumental | पाया (pāyā) | पााभ्याम् | पााभिः |
| Dative | पाायै | पााभ्याम् | पााभ्यः |
| Ablative | पाायाः | पााभ्याम् | पााभ्यः |
| Genitive | पाायाः | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पाानाम् |
| Locative | पाायाम् | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पाासु |
| Neuter a-stem declension of पा | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | पाम् (pām) | ||
| Gen. sg. | पास्य (pāsya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | पाम् (pām) | पो (po) | पाानि |
| Vocative | पा (pā) | पो (po) | पाानि |
| Accusative | पाम् (pām) | पो (po) | पाानि |
| Instrumental | पोन (pona) | पााभ्याम् | पौः (pauḥ) |
| Dative | पााय | पााभ्याम् | पोभ्यः (pobhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | पाात् | पााभ्याम् | पोभ्यः (pobhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | पास्य (pāsya) | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पाानाम् |
| Locative | पो (po) | पायोः (pāyoḥ) | पोषु (poṣu) |
References edit
- Monier Williams (1899) “पा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0612/3.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “पा”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 095
- Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “पा”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 113-114
- Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 255
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 462
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 0839, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0839
Etymology 3 edit
Probably related to Hittite [script needed] (pippa-, “to overturn”), [script needed] (pa-i-mi-, “goes”). Burrow and Whitney's derivations of the root as a semantic specialization of Etymology 2 ("to drink") are less likely.
Root edit
पा • (pā)
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Monier Williams (1899) “पा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1330/2.
- William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 096
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][3] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 114