吠

吠	U+5420, 吠 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5420

Translingual edit

Han character edit

吠 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口戈大 (RIK), four-corner 6303₄, composition ⿰口犬)

Derived characters edit

𦜀

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 177, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3331
Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 587, character 2
Unihan data for U+5420

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		吠
alternative forms		𠲎

Glyph origin edit

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 口 (“mouth”) + 犬 (“dog”) – to bark.

Etymology edit

Onomatopoeic and from Proto-Sino-Tibetan, perhaps *baus: cognate to Mizo bauh (“to bark”), from earlier *baus (Schuessler 2007).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fèi (fei⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fai⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phoi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): pūi / pǔi / hūi

(Teochew, Peng'im): bui⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fèi
  - Wade–Giles: fei⁴
  - Yale: fèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fey
  - Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /feɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fai⁶
  - Yale: faih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fei⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐi̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phoi
  - Hakka Romanization System: poi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: poi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰoi̯⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pūi
  - Tâi-lô: puī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pui
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /pui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /pui³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /pui²²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pǔi
  - Tâi-lô: puǐ
  - IPA (Lukang): /pui³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūi
  - Tâi-lô: huī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hui
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hui³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hui²²/

Note:

pūi/pǔi - vernacular;
hūi - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: bui⁷
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pūi
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /pui¹¹/

Middle Chinese: bjojH

Rime
Character	吠
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	廢 (28)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	符廢切
Baxter	bjojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʉɐi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷiɐi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/biuɐi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buaj^H/
Li Rong	/biuɐi^H/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.bo[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*bods/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	吠
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fèi
Middle Chinese	‹ bjoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.bo[t]-s/
English	bark (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	吠
Reading #	1/1
No.	3127
Phonetic component	吠
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	吠
Old Chinese	/*bods/

Definitions edit

吠

(of a dog) to bark
- 鷄鳴狗吠相聞，而達乎四境。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  鸡鸣狗吠相闻，而达乎四境。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Jī míng gǒu fèi xiàng wén, ér dá hū sìjìng. [Pinyin]
  Cocks crow and dogs bark to one another, all the way to the four borders of the State.

Compounds edit

References edit

(Min Nan) “Entry #2957”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

吠

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Bark; howl.

Readings edit

Go-on: ばい (bai); お (o)
Kan-on: はい (hai)
Kun: ほえる (hoeru, 吠える); ほえる (hoeru, 吠る)

Compounds edit

Compounds

狗(く)吠(はい) (kuhai): the barking of a dog, or the sound thereof
犬(けん)吠(ばい) (kenbai): the barking of a dog, or the sound thereof

Korean edit

Hanja edit

吠 (eum 폐 (pye))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

吠: Hán Nôm readings: phệ, phịa

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References edit

Nom Foundation