乎
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TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
乎 (Kangxi radical 4, 丿+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹火木 (HFD), four-corner 20409, composition ⿻𠂌丷)
Derived charactersEdit
- 𠇼, 呼, 垀, 𡛚, 𫼞, 泘, 𤝘, 㭔, 𣧯, 烀, 𬏃, 䉿, 𮎇, 𫊯, 𧦝(𫍞), 軤(轷), 䤣, 𫗶, 𩶈, 䴣, 𪏹, 𪕉
- 𮓦, 𫚶, 𬼔, 乯, 𬼡, 𤇠, 𠓧, 苸, 𥬏, 雽, 𢨽, 𤵡, 虖
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 82, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 131
- Dae Jaweon: page 166, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 36, character 8
- Unihan data for U+4E4E
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
乎 | |
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| alternative forms | 𠂞 𠂠 齁 Hokkien question particle | |
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 乎 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Ideogrammic compound (會意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢaː): semantic [Term?] (“wind; air”) + phonetic 丂 (OC *kʰluːʔ, “branch”) – original form of 呼 (OC *qʰaː, “to call; to cry”). Compare 兮 (OC *ɢeː).
Etymology 1Edit
- in; at; on
- Attrited or unstressed form of 於 (OC *qa) (Schuessler, 2007).
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
乎
- in; at; on
- 今子有五石之瓠，何不慮以為大樽而浮乎江湖，而憂其瓠落無所容？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
- Jīn zǐ yǒu wǔ dàn zhī hù, hé bù lǜ yǐwèi dà zūn ér fú hū jiānghú, ér yōu qí hùluò wú suǒ róng? [Pinyin]
- Sir, had calabashes large enough to hold five piculs; why did you not think of making large bottle-gourds of them, by means of which you could have floated over rivers and lakes, instead of giving yourself the sorrow of finding that they were useless for holding anything.
今子有五石之瓠，何不虑以为大樽而浮乎江湖，而忧其瓠落无所容？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (indicates the object of an action) with; on
- (indicates comparison) than
- 福輕乎羽，莫之知載；禍重乎地，莫之知避。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
- Fú qīng hū yǔ, mò zhī zhī zǎi; huò zhòng hū dì, mò zhī zhī bì. [Pinyin]
- Happiness is lighter than a feather, but no one knows how to support it; calamity is heavier than the earth, and yet no one knows how to avoid it.
福轻乎羽，莫之知载；祸重乎地，莫之知避。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- † A suffix placed after adjectives and adverbs to express praise or amazement.
- † Sentence-final interrogative particle.
- † Sentence-final exclamatory particle.
- † Sentence-final imperative particle.
- † Sentence-final speculative particle.
CompoundsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
乎
- Alternative form of 予 (hō͘).
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: ご (go); お (o)←を (wo, historical)
- Kan-on: こ (ko)
- Kun: よ (yo, 乎); かな (kana, 乎); ああ (ā, 乎); や (ya, 乎); か (ka, 乎); を (o, 乎)
EtymologyEdit
| Kanji in this term |
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| 乎 |
| か Jinmeiyō |
| kun’yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 乎 – see the following entry. | ||
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| (This term, 乎, is an alternative (literary, obsolete) spelling of the above term.) |
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
ReferencesEdit
Old KoreanEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From the Middle Chinese reading 乎 (MC ɦuo).
PhonogramEdit
乎 (*-wo or *-hwo)
- A syllabic phonogram denoting either final syllable *-wo or *-hwo
Etymology 2Edit
SuffixEdit
乎 (*-wo)
- A very common verbal suffix, sometimes called the "modulator" in English, whose meaning is disputed. See the Middle Korean entry 오 (-wo) for more.
DescendantsEdit
- Middle Korean: 오 (-wo, yang-vowel modulator suffix)
Etymology 3Edit
SuffixEdit
乎 (*-wo)
- An adverb-deriving suffix.
DescendantsEdit
- Middle Korean: 오 (-wo, yang-vowel adverb-deriving suffix)
Etymology 4Edit
VerbEdit
乎 (*h(oy)-wo)
- Form with modulator suffix of 爲 (*ho(y)-, “to do”)
ReferencesEdit
- 황선엽 (Hwang Seon-yeop), 이전경 (Yi Jeon-gyeong), 하귀녀 (Ha Gwi-nyeo), 이용 (Yi Yong), 박진호 (Park Jin-ho), 김성주 (Kim Seong-ju), 장경준 (Jang Gyeong-jun), 서민욱 (Seo Min-uk), 이지영 (Yi Ji-yeong), 서형국 (Seo Hyeong-guk). (2009) 석독구결사전/釋讀口訣辭典 [Dictionary of interpretive gugyeol], Bakmunsa, →ISBN, pages 393—396
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.