橘
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
橘 (radical 75 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木弓竹月 (DNHB), four-corner 47927, composition ⿰木矞)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 553, character 27
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15551
- Dae Jaweon: page 942, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1297, character 8
- Unihan data for U+6A58
ChineseEdit
simp. and trad. |
橘 |
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Glyph originEdit
Historical forms of the character 橘 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
Characters in the same phonetic series (矞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
瞲 | *qʰʷilʔ, *qʰʷids, *qʰʷiːd |
璚 | *ɡʷeŋ |
劀 | *kʷriːd, *kʷreːd |
鱊 | *kʷriːd, *ɢʷjid, *ɢʷid |
譎 | *kʷiːd |
潏 | *kʷiːd, *ɢʷjid, *ɢʷid |
鐍 | *kʷiːd |
憰 | *kʷiːd |
噊 | *ɢʷjid, *ɢʷid |
驈 | *ɢʷjid, *ɢʷid |
橘 | *kʷid |
繘 | *kʷid, *ɢʷid |
獝 | *qʰʷid |
燏 | *ɢʷid |
遹 | *ɢʷid |
鷸 | *ɢʷid |
矞 | *ɢʷid |
霱 | *ɢʷid |
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ
- Wade-Giles: chü2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyu
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕy³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: gwat1
- Yale: gwāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwat7
- Guangdong Romanization: gued1
- IPA (key): /kʷɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
-
Dialectal data▼
Variety | Location | 橘 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕy³⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡ɕy⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕy²¹/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕy¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕy¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕy³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕiu²¹/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕi³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡ɕyʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕyəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕyʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡ɕyəʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕyɪʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡sz̩ʷəʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡ɕai²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕyʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕyn²⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕyʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kit̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /kit̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kwɐt̚⁵/ |
Nanning | /kɐt̚⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /kwɐt̚⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /kut̚³²/ /kiat̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kɛiʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /xi²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Min Nan) | /kik̚²/ | |
Haikou (Min Nan) | /kit̚⁵/ |
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 橘 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
Final (韻) | 術 (52) |
Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Closed |
Division (等) | III |
Fanqie | 居聿切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kiuɪt̚/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/kʷit̚/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/kjuet̚/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kwit̚/ |
Li Rong |
/kiuĕt̚/ |
Wang Li |
/kĭuĕt̚/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/ki̯uĕt̚/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
ju |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 橘 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jú |
Middle Chinese |
‹ kjwit › |
Old Chinese |
/*[s.k]ʷi[t]/ |
English | orange (tangerine?) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 橘 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 16015 |
Phonetic component |
矞 |
Rime group |
質 |
Rime subdivision |
1 |
Corresponding MC rime |
橘 |
Old Chinese |
/*kʷid/ |
DefinitionsEdit
橘
See alsoEdit
- 桔 (jié)
CompoundsEdit
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
ReadingsEdit
CompoundsEdit
- 橘皮 (kigawa, the peel of the tachibana fruit)
- 橘家神道 (Kikke Shintō)
- 橘中の楽しみ (kitchū no tanoshimi)
- 温州橘 (Unshū-kitsu, alternative name for Citrus unshiu)
- 柑橘 (kankitsu), 柑橘類 (kankitsu-rui, citrus fruits as a whole)
- 月橘 (gekkitsu, “orange jessamine”, Murraya paniculata)
- 源平藤橘 (Genpeitōkitsu, the four major clans in the Nara period: Minamoto, Taira, Fujiwara and Tachibana)
- 香橘 (kōkitsu)
- 四季橘 (shiki-kitsu, “calamondin”, Citrus × microcarpa)
- 臭橘 (shūkitsu, alternative name for the trifoliate orange)
- 盧橘 (rokitsu)
- 金橘 (kinkan)
Etymology 1Edit
Kanji in this term |
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橘 |
たちばな Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
/tadibana/ → /tatibana/ → /tat͡ɕibana/
Named after 田道間守 (Tajimamori, “Tajimamori”), a legendary figure mentioned in the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki; purportedly bringing back certain fruits, but not directly as tachibana by name.
Shortened to tachi for some compounds.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
橘 (hiragana たちばな, katakana タチバナ, rōmaji tachibana)
- Citrus tachibana, a species of wild, green, inedible citrus fruit native to Japan
- Synonym of 唐橘 (kara-tachibana): the trifoliate orange, Citrus trifoliata, formerly Poncirus trifoliata
- (historical) generic name for citrus fruits, usually eaten raw
- name of a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”), with designs of tachibana flowers, fruits, and leaves
Usage notesEdit
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as タチバナ.
Derived termsEdit
- 橘を (tachibana o, pillow word)
- 橘神道 (Tachibana Shintō)
- 橘寺 (Tachibana-dera)
- 橘鳥 (tachibana-dori, “lesser cuckoo”)
- 橘擬 (tachibanamodoki, Pyracantha angustifolia)
- 橘屋 (Tachibana-ya)
- 橘焼, 橘焼き (tachibana-yaki)
- 橘湾 (Tachibana-wan)
- 右近の橘 (Ukon no Tachibana), 御階の橘 (Mihashi no Tachibana)
- 弟橘媛 (Ototachibana-hime), 橘媛 (Tachibanahime)
- 枸橘 (karatachi, “trifoliate orange”, Citrus trifoliata)
- 唐橘 (kara-tachibana)
- 草橘 (kusa-tachibana)
- 御前橘 (Gozen tachibana)
- 酢橘 (sudachi, “sudachi”, Citrus sudachi)
- 大明橘 (Taimin-tachibana, “Myrsine neriifolia”)
- 花橘 (hana-tachibana)
- 姫橘 (hime-tachibana)
- 山橘 (yama-tachibana)
- 大和橘 (Yamato tachibana)
IdiomsEdit
- 江南の橘江北の枳となる (Kōnan no tachibana Kōhoku no karatachi to naru)
Proper nounEdit
橘 (hiragana たちばな, rōmaji Tachibana)
- Short for 橘氏 (Tachibana uji): name of an ancient clan, who often held high-ranking positions in the medieval Japanese court
- name of one of two destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy (see Japanese destroyer Tachibana on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
- name of a class of destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II (see Matsu-class destroyer on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
- A surname.
- A surname.
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle Chinese 橘 (MC kiuɪt̚).
Proper nounEdit
- a surname.
- a female given name
- a surname.
ReferencesEdit
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
橘 • (gyul) (hangeul 귤, revised gyul, McCune-Reischauer kyul, Yale kyul)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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