orange
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English orenge, orange, from Old French pome orenge (“fruit orange”), influenced by Old Occitan auranja and calqued from Old Italian melarancio, melarancia, compound of mela (“apple”) and un'arancia (“an orange”), from Arabic نَارَنْج (nāranj), from Persian نارنگ (nârang), from Sanskrit नारङ्ग (nāraṅga, “orange tree”),[1] from Dravidian (compare Tamil நார்த்தங்காய் (nārttaṅkāy), compound of நரந்தம் (narantam, “fragrance”) and காய் (kāy, “fruit”); also Telugu నారంగము (nāraṅgamu), Malayalam നാരങ്ങ (nāraṅṅa), Kannada ನಾರಂಗಿ (nāraṅgi)).
Originally borrowed as the surname in the 13th century, before the sense of the fruit was imported in the late 14th century and the color in 1510.[1] In the color sense, largely replaced Old English ġeolurēad, English yellow-red (compare English blue-green).
For other similar cases of the incorrect division (or, elision/rebracketing) of the above Italian word, but in English, see Category:English rebracketings.
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: ŏrʹĭnj, ŏrʹĭnzh; IPA(key): /ˈɒɹ.ɨnd͡ʒ/, /ˈɒɹ.ɨnʒ/
- (US, East Coast) enPR: ärʹĭnj, ŏrʹĭnj; IPA(key): /ˈɑɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/, /ˈɒɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/
- (General American, Canada) enPR: ôrʹĭnj; IPA(key): /ˈɔɹ.ɪ̈nd͡ʒ/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈɔɹ.ɪnd͡ʒ/, /ˈɔɹ.ənd͡ʒ/, /ˈɔɹnd͡ʒ/
Audio (UK) [ˈɒɹɪnd͡ʒ] (file) Audio (CA) [ˈɔɹənd͡ʒ] (file) - Homophone: Orange
- Rhymes: -ɒɹɪnd͡ʒ
- Hyphenation: or‧ange
NounEdit
orange (countable and uncountable, plural oranges)
- (countable) An evergreen tree of the genus Citrus such as Citrus sinensis.
- (countable) The fruit of the orange tree; a citrus fruit with a slightly sour flavour.
- The colour of a ripe fruit of an orange tree, midway between red and yellow.
- orange:
- bright orange:
- Synonym: yellow-red
- Various drinks:
- (uncountable) Orange juice.
- (uncountable) An orange-coloured and orange-flavoured cordial.
- (uncountable) An orange-coloured and orange-flavoured soft drink.
Usage notesEdit
- It is commonly stated that orange has no rhymes. While there are no commonly used English dictionary words that rhyme exactly with orange (door hinge comes close in US pronunciation), see Rhymes:English/ɒɹɪndʒ for some possibilities. See also the Wikipedia article about rhymes for the word orange
- In most dialects, orange is pronounced with two syllables. But in certain dialects of North American English, the vowel of the second syllable is deleted and the word is pronounced as one syllable.[2] In such dialects, the two forms are generally allophonic.
HypernymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
- bergamot orange (Citrus bergamia)
- bitter orange
- blood orange (Citrus sinensis)
- blorange
- box orange (Severinia buxifolia)
- burnt orange
- calamondin orange (×Citrofortunella microcarpa)
- cherry orange
- China orange (×Citrofortunella microcarpa)
- citrange
- Cox's Orange Pippin
- East Orange
- green orange (Citrus reticulata × sinensis)
- hardy orange (Citrus trifoliata, syn. Poncirus trifoliata)
- horned orange
- Jaffa orange
- mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata)
- methyl orange
- mock orange (Maclura pomifera, Philadelphus)
- monkey orange (Maclura pomifera)
- Natal orange (Strychnos spinosa)
- native orange (Pittosporum pauciflorum, syn. Citriobatus parviflorus)
- navel orange
- orange badge
- orange bird (Tanagra zena)
- orange blossom
- Orange Bowl
- orange cestrum (Cestrum aurantiacum)
- orange chromide
- orange cowry (Cypraea aurantia)
- orange flower water
- orange flowering jessamine (Cestrum aurantiacum)
- Orange Free State
- orange grass (Hypericum sarothra)
- orange hawkwood (Hieracium aurantiacum)
- orange jessamine (Cestrum aurantiacum)
- orange juice
- Orange lodge
- Orange Man
- Orange Man bad
- orange milkweed (Asclepias tuberosa)
- Orange Order
- orange peel, orange-peel
- orange pekoe
- Orange Revolution
- Orange River
- orange scale
- orange squash
- orange stick
- orange thorn (Pittosporum pauciflorum, syn. Citriobatus parviflorus)
- orange-tip
- orangeade
- orangeless
- orangequat
- orangeroot (Hydrastis canadensis)
- orangery
- orangewood
- Orangey
- orangey
- Orangies
- orangish
- Osage orange (Maclura pomifera)
- Otaheite orange (Citrus limonia)
- Quito orange (Solanum quitoense)
- satsuma orange (Citrus unshiu)
- sea orange (Psolus fabricii)
- Seville orange (Citrus aurantium)
- soap orange (Citrus aurantium saponacea)
- sour orange (Citrus ×aurantium)
- spring orange (Styrax americana)
- sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)
- trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata, syn. Poncirus trifoliata)
- wild orange
DescendantsEdit
- → Esperanto: oranĝo
- → Japanese: オレンジ (orenji)
- → Korean: 오렌지 (orenji)
- → Malay: oren
- → Marshallese: oran
TranslationsEdit
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AdjectiveEdit
orange (comparative oranger or more orange, superlative orangest or most orange)
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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VerbEdit
orange (third-person singular simple present oranges, present participle oranging, simple past and past participle oranged)
- (transitive) To color orange.
- 1986, Gilles Deleuze, Cinema: The movement-image, page 118:
- It is this composition which reaches a colourist perfection in Le Bonheur with the complementarity of violet, purple and oranged gold
- 1987, Harold Keith, Rifles for Watie, page 256:
- Jeff winked his eyes sleepily open and looked out into the cool flush of early morning. The east was oranged over with daybreak.
- 2009, Suzanne Crowley, The Very Ordered Existence of Merilee Marvelous, page 117:
- I looked at him through my binoculars, his little lips oranged with Cheeto dust.
- (intransitive) To become orange.
- 2007, Terézia Mora, Day in day out, page 296:
- Cranes in the distance against the background of the slowly oranging sky
- 2008, Wanda Coleman, (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 14:
- It will be followed by a disappearance of the cash I had hidden in a sealed envelope behind the oranging Modigliani print over the living room couch.
- 2010, Justin Cronin, The Passage, page 330:
- "What about his eyes?" / "Nothing. No oranging at all, from what I could see.
See alsoEdit
white | gray, grey | black |
red; crimson | orange; brown | yellow; cream |
lime, lime green | green | mint |
cyan; teal | azure, sky blue | blue |
violet; indigo | magenta; purple | pink |
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “orange”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/what-rhymes-with-orange
AnagramsEdit
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
Short form of late Old French pume orenge or pomme d'orenge, which was calqued after Old Italian melarancia (mela + arancia). The o came into the word under influence of the place name Orange, from where these fruits came to the north. See orange (English).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
orange f (plural oranges)
- orange (fruit)
- Il pressa l’orange afin d’en extraire du jus.
- He squeezed the orange to extract juice from it.
DescendantsEdit
- → Breton: orañjez
- → Belarusian: ара́нжавы (aránžavy)
- → Bulgarian: ора́нжев (oránžev)
- → German: Orange
- Haitian Creole: zoranj
- → Latvian: oranžs
- Louisiana Creole: zoranj
- → Low German: Orange
- → Luxembourgish: Orange
- → Norwegian: oransje
- → Romanian: oranj
- → Russian: ора́нжевый (oránževyj)
- → Swedish: orange
NounEdit
orange m (plural oranges)
- orange (color)
Derived termsEdit
AdjectiveEdit
orange (invariable)
- orange
- Les premiers TGV atlantiques étaient orange.
- The first Atlantic TGV trains were orange.
Usage notesEdit
- While theoretically the adjective orange is invariable, being (originally) a colour name derived from a noun, the nonstandard plural oranges is in use.
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
blanc | gris | noir |
rouge; cramoisi | orange; brun | jaune; crème |
vert citron | vert | menthe |
cyan; bleu canard | azur | bleu |
violet; indigo | magenta; pourpre | rose |
Further readingEdit
- “orange”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
AnagramsEdit
GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From the noun Orange (“orange fruit”), from French orange.
PronunciationEdit
- (predicative only) IPA(key): /oˈʁãːʃ/, /oˈʁaŋʃ/, /oˈʁɔ̃ːʃ/, /oˈʁɔŋʃ/
- (non-predicative feminine and plural forms) IPA(key): /oˈʁãːʒə/, /oˈʁaŋʒə/, /oˈʁɔ̃ːʒə/, /oˈʁɔŋʒə/
Audio (file)
AdjectiveEdit
orange (strong nominative masculine singular (standard) oranger or (colloquial) orangener, comparative (standard) oranger or (colloquial) orangener, superlative (standard) am orangesten or (colloquial) am orangensten)
Usage notesEdit
- The adjective has two sets of forms. In the formal standard language, endings are added directly to the stem (orang-). In less formal style and in the vernacular, another set of forms is used in free variation, in which an -n- is infixed before the endings.
- It is also officially correct to leave the adjective entirely undeclined. This usage is rare, however, and seems dated.
DeclensionEdit
1Standard.
2Colloquial.
1Standard.
2Colloquial.
1Standard.
2Colloquial.
Further readingEdit
LuxembourgishEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
orange (masculine orangen, neuter oranget, comparative méi orange, superlative am orangesten)
DeclensionEdit
This adjective needs an inflection-table template.
See alsoEdit
wäiss | gro | schwaarz |
rout | orange; brong | giel |
gréng | ||
turquoise | blo (hellblo, himmelblo) | blo (donkelblo) |
violett; indigo | magenta; mof | rosa; pink |
Middle EnglishEdit
NounEdit
orange
- Alternative form of orenge
NormanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- oraunge (Cotentin)
EtymologyEdit
From Old French.
PronunciationEdit
Audio (Jersey) (file)
AdjectiveEdit
orange m or f
SwedishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French orange. See English orange.
PronunciationEdit
- (indefinite common singular) IPA(key): /ʊˈranɕ/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧ/
- (indefinite neuter singular) IPA(key): /ʊˈranɕt/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧt/
- (definite masculine singular) IPA(key): /ʊˈranɕɛ/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧɛ/
- (definite or plural) IPA(key): /ʊˈranɕa/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧa/
Audio (file)
AdjectiveEdit
orange
- orange
- Hon har långt, orange hår.
- She has long, orange hair.
DeclensionEdit
Inflection of orange | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | orange | orangeare | orangeaste |
Neuter singular | orange | orangeare | orangeaste |
Plural | orange | orangeare | orangeaste |
Masculine plural3 | orange | orangeare | orangeaste |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | orange | orangeare | orangeaste |
All | orange | orangeare | orangeaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
- Less common:
Inflection of orange | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | orange | orangeare | orangeaste |
Neuter singular | oranget | orangeare | orangeaste |
Plural | orangea | orangeare | orangeaste |
Masculine plural3 | orangea | orangeare | orangeaste |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | orange | orangeare | orangeaste |
All | orangea | orangeare | orangeaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Inflection of orange | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | orange | orangare | orangast |
Neuter singular | orangt | orangare | orangast |
Plural | oranga | orangare | orangast |
Masculine plural3 | orange | orangare | orangast |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | orange | orangare | orangaste |
All | oranga | orangare | orangaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
NounEdit
orange ?
- orange (color)