溶

See also: 浴

溶 U+6EB6, 溶 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6EB6 ← 溵 [U+6EB5] CJK Unified Ideographs 溷 → [U+6EB7]

Translingual

Han character

溶 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水十金口 (EJCR), four-corner 3316₈, composition ⿰氵容)

See also

• 浴

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 641, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17983
• Dae Jaweon: page 1048, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1708, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6EB6

Chinese

simp. and trad.		溶

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (谷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
螸	*lo
裕	*loɡs
容	*loŋ
溶	*loŋ, *loŋʔ
鎔	*loŋ
蓉	*loŋ
傛	*loŋ, *loŋʔ
褣	*loŋ
搈	*loŋ
瑢	*loŋ
嵱	*loŋ
熔	*loŋ
榕	*loŋ
塎	*loŋʔ
谷	*ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ
唂	*kloːɡ
焀	*ɡloːɡ
俗	*ljoɡ
欲	*loɡ
浴	*loɡ
鵒	*loɡ
峪	*ɦkloːɡ
鋊	*loɡ
輍	*loɡ
慾	*loɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *loŋ, *loŋʔ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 容 (OC *loŋ)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “What relation is there between 融, 鎔, 熔, and 溶?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): róng (rong²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jung⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yùng
• Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̀ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): iûⁿ / iôⁿ / iông / iâuⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ion⁵ / iên⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: róng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: róng
    • Wade–Giles: jung²
    • Yale: rúng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rong
    • Palladius: жун (žun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jung⁴
    • Yale: yùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùng
    • Hakka Romanization System: iungˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yung²
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯uŋ¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùng
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iungˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yung²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iûⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: iûnn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: viuu
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iũ²³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /iũ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iôⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: iônn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: viooi
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔ̃¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iông
    • Tâi-lô: iông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ioong
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /iɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ²³/
  • (Hokkien: Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâuⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: iâunn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: viaau
    • IPA (Penang): /iãu²³/

Note:

• iûⁿ/iôⁿ - vernacular;
• iông - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ion⁵ / iên⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iôⁿ / iêⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ĩõ⁵⁵/, /ĩẽ⁵⁵/

Note:

• ion5 - Shantou;
• iên5 - Chaozhou.

---

• Middle Chinese: yowng, yowngX

Rime
Character	溶	溶
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	餘封切	余隴切
Baxter	yowng	yowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨoŋ/	/jɨoŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/jioŋ/	/jioŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/ioŋ/	/ioŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juawŋ/	/juawŋX/
Li Rong	/ioŋ/	/ioŋX/
Wang Li	/jĭwoŋ/	/jĭwoŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯woŋ/	/i̯woŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yóng	yǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jung4	jung5

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*loŋ/, /*loŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	溶	溶
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4285	4296
Phonetic component	谷	谷
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	容	勇
Old Chinese	/*loŋ/	/*loŋʔ/

Definitions

溶

1. to dissolve; to melt; to disintegrate chemically into a solution by immersion in a liquid
2. (literary, of water) grand; broad
3. soluble

Synonyms

• (to dissolve): 溶解 (róngjiě)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of "to dissolve"): 凝結／凝结 (níngjié)

Compounds

• 不溶
• 可溶性 (kěróngxìng)
• 岩溶 (yánróng)
• 暖溶溶
• 氣態溶液／气态溶液
• 汗溶溶
• 沇溶
• 河溶 (Héróng)
• 液態溶液／液态溶液
• 溶入 (róngrù)
• 溶劑／溶剂 (róngjì)
• 溶化 (rónghuà)
• 溶合
• 溶媒 (róngméi)
• 溶氧量
• 溶液 (róngyè)
• 溶溶 (róngróng)
• 溶溶洩洩／溶溶泄泄
• 溶溶脈脈／溶溶脉脉
• 溶溶蕩蕩／溶溶荡荡
• 溶㵝
• 溶蝕／溶蚀
• 溶解 (róngjiě)
• 溶解度 (róngjiědù)
• 溶解熱／溶解热 (róngjiěrè)
• 溶質／溶质 (róngzhì)
• 澒溶／𭱊溶
• 真溶液
• 飽和溶液／饱和溶液

 

Japanese

Kanji

溶

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. to dissolve; to melt

Readings

• Go-on: ゆう (yū)^{←ゆう (yuu, historical)}
• Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←よう (you, historical)}
• Kun: とく (toku, 溶く, Jōyō); とかす (tokasu, 溶かす, Jōyō); とける (tokeru, 溶ける, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 溶(よう)暗(あん) (yōan)
• 溶(よう)溢(いつ) (yōitsu)
• 溶(よう)液(えき) (yōeki)
• 溶(よう)化(か) (yōka) (熔(よう)化(か))
• 溶(よう)解(かい) (yōkai) (熔(よう)解(かい), 鎔(よう)解(かい))
• 溶(よう)岩(がん) (yōgan) (熔(よう)岩(がん))
• 溶(よう)菌(きん) (yōkin)
• 溶(よう)血(けつ) (yōketsu)
• 溶(よう)鉱(こう)炉(ろ) (yōkōro) (鎔(よう)鉱(こう)炉(ろ))
• 溶(よう)滓(さい) (yōsai) (鎔(よう)滓(さい))
• 溶(よう)滓(し) (yōshi) (鎔(よう)滓(し))
• 溶(よう)質(しつ) (yōshitsu)
• 溶(よう)射(しゃ) (yōsha)
• 溶(よう)出(しゅつ) (yōshutsu)
• 溶(よう)食(しょく), 溶(よう)蝕(しょく) (yōshoku)
• 溶(よう)接(せつ) (yōsetsu) (熔(よう)接(せつ))
• 溶(よう)銑(せん) (yōsen) (鎔(よう)銑(せん))
• 溶(よう)然(ぜん) (yōzen)
• 溶(よう)体(たい) (yōtai)
• 溶(よう)断(だん) (yōdan)
• 溶(よう)着(ちゃく) (yōchaku) (熔(よう)着(ちゃく))
• 溶(よう)媒(ばい) (yōbai)
• 溶(よう)明(めい) (yōmei)
• 溶(よう)冶(や) (yōya) (鎔(よう)冶(や))
• 溶(よう)融(ゆう) (yōyū) (熔(よう)融(ゆう))
• 溶(よう)溶(よう) (yōyō)
• 溶(よう)漾(よう) (yōyō)
• 溶(よう)錬(れん) (yōren) (熔(よう)錬(れん))
• 溶(よう)炉(ろ) (yōro) (熔(よう)炉(ろ))
• 溶(よう)和(わ) (yōwa) (熔(よう)和(わ))
• 鴻(こう)溶(よう) (kōyō)
• 紛(ふん)溶(よう) (fun'yō)
• 悠溶
• 游(ゆう)溶(よう) (yūyō)
• 揺溶

 

Etymology

Kanji in this term
溶
よう Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 溶 (MC yowngX).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jo̞ː]

Affix

溶(よう) • (yō) 

1. to melt, dissolve, thaw

References

• 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “溶”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎^[1] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

溶 (eum 용 (yong))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

溶: Hán Nôm readings: dung

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.