Wiktionary

欲

See also: 慾
欲 U+6B32, 欲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B32
← 欱
[U+6B31] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 欳 →
[U+6B33]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

欲 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金口弓人 (CRNO), four-corner 87682, composition ⿰谷欠)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 567, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16080
  • Dae Jaweon: page 956, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2140, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+6B32

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 欲
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
     
Characters in the same phonetic series (谷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
螸 *lo
裕 *loɡs
容 *loŋ
溶 *loŋ, *loŋʔ
鎔 *loŋ
蓉 *loŋ
傛 *loŋ, *loŋʔ
褣 *loŋ
搈 *loŋ
瑢 *loŋ
嵱 *loŋ
熔 *loŋ
榕 *loŋ
塎 *loŋʔ
谷 *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ
唂 *kloːɡ
焀 *ɡloːɡ
俗 *ljoɡ
欲 *loɡ
浴 *loɡ
鵒 *loɡ
峪 *ɦkloːɡ
鋊 *loɡ
輍 *loɡ
慾 *loɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *loɡ): phonetic 谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ) + semantic 欠.

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.
 欲
alternative forms 𡟔
俗

Sino-Tibetan. Compare Burmese လို (lui, “to want; to desire”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Alternatively, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ju(w) (“to ask; to request”), whence Tibetan ཞུ (zhu, “to request”) (ibid.).

PronunciationEdit

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 欲
Mandarin Beijing /y⁵¹/
Harbin /y⁵³/
Tianjin /y⁵³/
Jinan /y²¹/
Qingdao /y⁴²/
Zhengzhou /y³¹²/
Xi'an /y²¹/
Xining /y⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /y¹³/
Lanzhou /y¹³/
Ürümqi /y²¹³/
Wuhan /iəu²¹³/
Chengdu /yo³¹/
/y¹³/
Guiyang /iu²¹/
Kunming /iu³¹/
Nanjing /ʐuʔ⁵/
Hefei /yəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /yəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /yʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /yəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ɦioʔ¹/
/ɦyɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /ɦioʔ³/
Hangzhou /ɦyəʔ²/
Wenzhou /jo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /iuʔ²¹/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /ʐəu²⁴/
Xiangtan /iəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /iuk̚⁵/
Taoyuan /ʒot̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jok̚²/
Nanning /juk̚²²/
Hong Kong /jok̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /iɔk̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /yʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /y⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /iok̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /zok̚⁵/
/hau³⁵/ 訓好
Rime
Character 欲
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 鍾 (8)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 余蜀切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jɨok̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiok̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iok̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/juawk̚/
Li
Rong 		/iok̚/
Wang
Li 		/jĭwok̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯wok̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		wù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		juk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 欲
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yowk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢ(r)ok/
English desire (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 欲
Reading # 1/1
No. 4303
Phonetic
component 		谷
Rime
group 		屋
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		欲
Old
Chinese 		/*loɡ/

DefinitionsEdit

欲

  1. wish; desire
    口腹之欲  ―  kǒufùzhīyù  ―  desire to eat
    控制欲  ―  kòngzhì yù  ―  desire to control
    權力欲／权力欲  ―  quánlì yù  ―  desire for power
  2. to wish; to desire; to want
  3. about to
    搖搖欲墜／摇摇欲坠  ―  yáoyáoyùzhuì  ―  tottering (literally, “shaking or swaying as if about to collapse”)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 欲

Etymology 2Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 欲 – see 慾 (“desire; lust”).
(This character, 欲, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 慾.)
Notes:

Etymology 3Edit

simp. and trad.
 欲
alternative forms
 
覓／觅
卜
要
勃 Min Dong
剝／剥 Min Dong
覓／觅
卜
要
勃 Min Dong
剝／剥 Min Dong
憋 Hainanese

From the grammaticalization of 發 (OC *pad, “to send out; to go forth; to proceed”) (Tu, 2017).

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

欲

  1. (Min Dong, Hokkien, Hainanese) to want (to do)
    你欲佮我去圖書館無？ [Hokkien, trad.]
    你欲佮我去图书馆无？ [Hokkien, simp.]
    Lí beh kah góa khì tô͘-su-koán bô? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Do you want to go to the library with me?
  2. (Min Dong, Hokkien) about to
    欲落雨矣，咱著出去收衫。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    欲落雨矣，咱着出去收衫。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Beh lo̍h-hō͘--ah, lán tio̍h chhut-khì siu-saⁿ. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    It's about to rain! Let's go out to bring in the laundry.
  3. (Hokkien, Hainanese) if
    欲我，我就會較早睏。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    欲我，我就会较早困。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Beh góa, góa tō ē khah-chá khùn. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    If I were you, I would've slept earlier.
SynonymsEdit
Dialectal synonyms of 要 (“to want (to do something)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 欲1
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 要, 欲1
Mandarin Beijing 要
Taiwan 要, 想
Jinan 要
Xi'an 要
Wuhan 要
Chengdu 要
Guilin 要
Yangzhou 要
Hefei 要
Malaysia 要
Singapore 要
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 要
Cantonese Guangzhou 要, 想
Hong Kong 要, 想
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 愛
Yangjiang 愛
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 要, 想, 愛
Singapore (Guangfu) 要, 想
Gan Nanchang 要
Hakka Meixian 愛
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 愛
Wuhua (Meilin) 愛
Zijin 愛
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 愛
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 愛
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 愛
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 愛
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 愛
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 愛, 討
Kuching (Hepo) 愛
Jin Taiyuan 要
Min Bei Jian'ou 讓
Min Dong Fuzhou 欲3
Min Nan Xiamen 欲3
Quanzhou 欲3
Jinjiang 欲3
Zhangzhou 欲3
Taipei 欲3
New Taipei (Sanxia) 欲3
Kaohsiung 欲3
Yilan 欲3
Changhua (Lukang) 欲3
Taichung 欲3
Tainan 欲3
Hsinchu 欲3
Kinmen 欲3
Penghu (Magong) 欲3
Penang (Hokkien) 愛
Singapore (Hokkien) 愛, 欲3
Manila (Hokkien) 欲3, 愛
Medan (Hokkien) 愛
Chaozhou 愛
Shantou 愛
Haifeng 愛
Singapore (Teochew) 愛
Wenchang 欲3
Qionghai 欲3
Singapore (Hainanese) 欲3
Wu Shanghai 要
Suzhou 要
Wenzhou 愛
Xiang Changsha 要
Shuangfeng 要

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 4Edit

simp. and trad.
 欲

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

欲 (Teochew)

  1. Alternative form of 愛／爱 (ain3).
    1. to need; to want (an object)
    2. to want (to do)
    3. to need to; must
    4. about to

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

欲

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. want

ReadingsEdit

Usage notesEdit

This character was sometimes used to phonetically transcribe the Old Japanese word for “night” (yo). [cf. Manyōshū : 4134]

CompoundsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Kanji in this term
欲
よく
Grade: 6
Alternative spelling
慾

Attested from the thirteenth century.[1]

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

欲(よく) • (yoku) 

  1. desire, a want, that which is wanted
    Synonym: 欲望 (yokubō)
    欲(よく)を言(い)うと
    yoku o iu to
    ideally; if one were to ask for one's desire
  2. greed, avarice
    Synonym: 強欲 (gōyoku)
    欲(よく)の塊(かたまり)
    yoku no katamari
    greed incarnate; a lump of avarice
  3. ambition, will
    Synonym: 意欲 (iyoku)
    欲(よく)を出(だ)せ
    yoku o dase
    aim high; show ambition

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

欲, eumhun 바랄 욕 (baral yok)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

欲: Hán Nôm readings: dục, giục

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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