酯

酯 U+916F, 酯 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-916F ← 酮 [U+916E] CJK Unified Ideographs 酰 → [U+9170]

Translingual

Han character

酯 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一田心日 (MWPA), four-corner 1168₁, composition ⿰酉旨)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1283, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39861
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3581, character 10
• Unihan data for U+916F

Chinese

trad.		酯
simp. #		酯

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声): semantic 酉 (“oxygenated functional group”) + phonetic 旨 (OC *kjiʔ). Modelled after 脂 (zhī, “lipid”) with a radical input from other oxygenated organic compounds such as 醇 (chún, “alcohol”) and 酸 (suān, “acid”), referring to ester linkages in lipids like glycerides.

Etymology

From 脂 (zhī, “lipid”), referring to ester linkages in lipids like glycerides.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi²
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zi³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chí

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐh
    • Wade–Giles: chih³
    • Yale: jř
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
    • Palladius: чжи (čži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zi²
    • Yale: jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zi³
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cî
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
    • Tâi-lô: tsí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cie
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡si⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡si⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴¹/

Definitions

酯

1. (organic chemistry) ester
   • Section 12(1), Air Pollution Control (Motor Vehicle Fuel) Regulation (Cap. 311L)

     任何汽車生化柴油供應商明知而供應或分發任何酯含量高於或低於汽車生化柴油標籤上所顯示的酯含量百分率超過1%的汽車生化柴油，即屬犯罪，一經定罪，可處第5級罰款。 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
     任何汽车生化柴油供应商明知而供应或分发任何酯含量高于或低于汽车生化柴油标签上所显示的酯含量百分率超过1%的汽车生化柴油，即属犯罪，一经定罪，可处第5级罚款。 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]

     jam⁶ ho⁴ hei³ ce¹ sang¹ faa³ caai⁴ jau⁴ gung¹ jing³ soeng¹ ming⁴ zi¹ ji⁴ gung¹ jing³ waak⁶ fan¹ faat³ jam⁶ ho⁴ zi² ham⁴ loeng⁶ gou¹ jyu¹ waak⁶ dai¹ jyu¹ hei³ ce¹ sang¹ faa³ caai⁴ jau⁴ biu¹ cim¹ soeng⁶ so² hin² si⁶ dik¹ zi² ham⁴ loeng⁶ baak³ fan⁶ leot^6-2 ciu¹ gwo³ 1% dik¹ hei³ ce¹ sang¹ faa³ caai⁴ jau⁴, zik¹ suk⁶ faan⁶ zeoi⁶, jat¹ ging¹ ding⁶ zeoi⁶, ho² cyu² dai⁶ ng⁵ kap¹ fat⁶ fun². [Jyutping]

     Any motor vehicle biodiesel supplier who knowingly supplies or distributes any motor vehicle biodiesel containing an ester content that is more than 1% higher or lower than the percentage of ester content as indicated on the motor vehicle biodiesel label commits an offence and is liable to a fine at level 5.

Synonyms

• 𨤎 (yán) (obsolete)

Compounds

• 乙酸乙酯 (yǐsuānyǐzhǐ)
• 聚酯 (jùzhǐ)
• 聚酯絲 / 聚酯丝
• 聚酯纖維 / 聚酯纤维
• 酯酶 (zhǐméi)

References

• “酯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “酯”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 309.

Vietnamese

Han character

酯: Hán Nôm readings: chỉ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.