錦

See also: 锦

錦 U+9326, 錦 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9326 ← 錥 [U+9325] CJK Unified Ideographs 錧 → [U+9327]

Translingual

Han character

錦 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 金竹日月 (CHAB), four-corner 8612₇, composition ⿰釒帛)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1311, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40569
• Dae Jaweon: page 1812, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4222, character 2
• Unihan data for U+9326

Chinese

trad.		錦
simp.		锦

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (金) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
淦	*kɯːm, *kɯːms
顉	*ŋɯːmʔ, *ŋ̊ʰrɯm, *ŋ̊ʰɯmʔ
金	*krɯm
錦	*krɯmʔ
欽	*kʰrɯm
菳	*kʰrɯm
嶔	*kʰrɯm
撳	*kʰrɯms
捦	*ɡrɯm
鵭	*ɡrɯm
唫	*ɡrɯmʔ, *ŋɡrɯm
鈙	*ɡrɯms
崟	*ŋɡrɯm
趛	*ŋɡrɯmʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯmʔ) : phonetic 金 (OC *krɯm) + semantic 帛.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jǐn (jin³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gam²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kím

  (Meixian, Guangdong): gim³

• Eastern Min (BUC): gīng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kím / gím

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gim²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jǐn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jǐn
    • Wade–Giles: chin³
    • Yale: jǐn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiin
    • Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gam²
    • Yale: gám
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gam²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gem²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kím
    • Hakka Romanization System: gim^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gim³
    • Sinological IPA: /kim³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: gim³
    • Sinological IPA: /kim³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gīng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kím
    • Tâi-lô: kím
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiem
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim⁴¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kim⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kim⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gím
    • Tâi-lô: gím
    • Phofsit Daibuun: giem
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /ɡim⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡim⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gim²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kím
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kim⁵²/

---

• Middle Chinese: kimX

Rime
Character	錦
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居飲切
Baxter	kimX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiɪmX/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚimX/
Shao Rongfen	/kiemX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjimX/
Li Rong	/kjəmX/
Wang Li	/kĭĕmX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯əmX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jǐn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gam2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.k(r)[ə]mʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*krɯmʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	錦
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jǐn
Middle Chinese	‹ kimX ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.k(r)[ə]mʔ/
English	brocade
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	錦
Reading #	1/1
No.	6680
Phonetic component	金
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	錦
Old Chinese	/*krɯmʔ/

Definitions

錦

1. brocade; tapestry; polychrome woven silk.
2. embroidered
3. bright and beautiful

Compounds

• 一匹錦／一匹锦
• 什錦／什锦 (shíjǐn)
• 八段錦／八段锦 (bāduànjǐn)
• 前程似錦／前程似锦 (qiánchéngsìjǐn)
• 前途似錦／前途似锦
• 十樣錦／十样锦
• 土錦蛇／土锦蛇
• 地錦／地锦
• 天機雲錦／天机云锦
• 奪錦袍／夺锦袍
• 如花似錦／如花似锦
• 宵錦／宵锦
• 富錦／富锦 (Fùjǐn)
• 尺錦／尺锦
• 廉錦楓／廉锦枫
• 拖地錦／拖地锦
• 摛錦／摛锦
• 操刀傷錦／操刀伤锦
• 文錦覆阱／文锦覆阱
• 晝錦／昼锦
• 晝錦之榮／昼锦之荣
• 晝錦堂／昼锦堂
• 晝錦榮歸／昼锦荣归
• 束錦／束锦
• 毳錦／毳锦
• 江淹夢錦／江淹梦锦
• 爛若披錦／烂若披锦
• 牙籤錦軸／牙签锦轴
• 玉食錦衣／玉食锦衣
• 穿花納錦／穿花纳锦
• 精神錦標／精神锦标
• 綾錦／绫锦
• 繁花錦簇／繁花锦簇
• 繡口錦心／绣口锦心
• 織錦／织锦 (zhījǐn)
• 織錦緞／织锦缎
• 織錦迴文／织锦回文
• 美錦／美锦
• 膏粱錦繡／膏粱锦绣
• 花團錦簇／花团锦簇 (huātuánjǐncù)
• 花天錦地／花天锦地
• 花攢錦簇／花攒锦簇
• 花營錦陣／花营锦阵
• 花簇錦攢／花簇锦攒
• 萋斐貝錦／萋斐贝锦
• 蜀錦／蜀锦 (shǔjǐn)
• 衣錦／衣锦 (yījǐn)
• 衣錦之榮／衣锦之荣
• 衣錦夜游／衣锦夜游
• 衣錦夜行／衣锦夜行
• 衣錦尚絅／衣锦尚䌹
• 衣錦故鄉／衣锦故乡
• 衣錦晝游／衣锦昼游
• 衣錦榮歸／衣锦荣归
• 衣錦過鄉／衣锦过乡
• 衣錦還鄉／衣锦还乡
• 衣錦食肉／衣锦食肉
• 裁錦／裁锦
• 貂錦／貂锦
• 貝錦／贝锦
• 貝錦萋菲／贝锦萋菲
• 迴文織錦／回文织锦
• 迴文錦／回文锦
• 鋪錦列繡／铺锦列绣
• 錦上添花／锦上添花 (jǐnshàngtiānhuā)
• 錦匣／锦匣
• 錦囊／锦囊 (jǐnnáng)
• 錦囊佳句／锦囊佳句
• 錦囊佳製／锦囊佳制
• 錦囊妙計／锦囊妙计 (jǐnnángmiàojì)
• 錦囊詩／锦囊诗
• 錦套頭／锦套头
• 錦字／锦字
• 錦字書／锦字书
• 錦官／锦官 (Jǐnguān)
• 錦官城／锦官城 (Jǐnguānchéng)
• 錦屏／锦屏
• 錦州／锦州 (Jǐnzhōu)
• 錦州市／锦州市
• 錦帆／锦帆
• 錦帳／锦帐
• 錦帶／锦带
• 錦心繡口／锦心绣口
• 錦心繡腹／锦心绣腹
• 錦旋／锦旋
• 錦旗／锦旗 (jǐnqí)
• 錦書／锦书
• 錦樣／锦样
• 錦標／锦标 (jǐnbiāo)
• 錦標社／锦标社
• 錦標賽／锦标赛 (jǐnbiāosài)
• 錦歌／锦歌 (jǐngē)
• 錦江／锦江 (Jǐnjiāng)
• 錦熏籠／锦熏笼
• 錦營花陣／锦营花阵
• 錦片／锦片
• 錦片前程／锦片前程 (jǐnpiànqiánchéng)
• 錦牋／锦笺
• 錦瑟／锦瑟
• 錦瑟華年／锦瑟华年
• 錦絃／锦弦
• 錦綸／锦纶 (jǐnlún)
• 錦緞／锦缎 (jǐnduàn)
• 錦繡／锦绣 (jǐnxiù)
• 錦繡前程／锦绣前程 (jǐnxiùqiánchéng)
• 錦繡山河／锦绣山河 (jǐnxiùshānhé)
• 錦繡心腸／锦绣心肠
• 錦繡江山／锦绣江山 (jǐnxiùjiāngshān)
• 錦繡河山／锦绣河山 (jǐnxiùhéshān)
• 錦花鳥／锦花鸟
• 錦茵／锦茵
• 錦荔枝／锦荔枝 (jǐnlìzhī)
• 錦葵／锦葵 (jǐnkuí)
• 錦蛇／锦蛇 (jǐnshé)
• 錦衚衕／锦胡同
• 錦衣／锦衣
• 錦衣夜行／锦衣夜行
• 錦衣玉食／锦衣玉食 (jǐnyīyùshí)
• 錦衣紈褲／锦衣纨裤
• 錦衣衛／锦衣卫 (Jǐnyīwèi)
• 錦衾／锦衾
• 錦袍／锦袍 (jǐnpáo)
• 錦襖／锦袄 (jǐn'ǎo)
• 錦迴文／锦回文
• 錦還／锦还
• 錦陣花營／锦阵花营
• 錦雉之衣／锦雉之衣
• 錦雞／锦鸡 (jǐnjī)
• 錦靴／锦靴
• 錦鞋／锦鞋
• 錦香草／锦香草 (jǐnxiāngcǎo)
• 錦體社／锦体社
• 集錦／集锦 (jíjǐn)
• 集錦照相／集锦照相
• 雲錦／云锦
• 黎錦／黎锦

 

Japanese

Kanji

錦

(Jōyō kanji)

1. brocade

Readings

• Go-on: こん (kon)^{←こん (kon, historical)←こむ (komu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: きん (kin, Jōyō)^{←きん (kin, historical)←きむ (kimu, ancient)}
• Kun: にしき (nishiki, 錦, Jōyō)
• Nanori: あや (aya)、かね (kane)

Compounds

Compounds

• 錦(きん)繍(しゅう) (kinshū)
• 錦(きん)嚢(のう) (kinnō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
錦
にしき Grade: S
kun'yomi

Originally a compound of 丹 (ni, “red”) + 頻 (shiki, “repetition”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) にしき [níꜜshìkì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɲ̟iɕi̥kʲi]

Noun

錦(にしき) • (nishiki) 

1. brocade (generic name for weaving fabrics with various colored threads)
2. a word expressing beauty (for example, colors or patterns) (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 錦木(ニシキギ) (nishikigi)
• 錦衣(ニシキゴロモ) (nishikigoromo)
• 高麗(こま)錦(にしき), 狛(こま)錦(にしき) (Koma nishiki)
• 紅葉(もみじ)の錦(にしき) (momiji no nishiki, “brocade of autumn leaves”)
• 大和(やまと)錦(にしき), 倭(やまと)錦(にしき) (Yamato nishiki)

Idioms

Idioms

• 錦(にしき)を飾(かざ)る (nishiki o kazaru)
• 錦(にしき)を着(き)て夜(よる)行(ゆ)くが如(ごと)し (nishiki o kite yoru yuku ga gotoshi)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 錦 (MC kimX). Recorded as Middle Korean 금〯 (kǔm) (Yale: kum) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

錦 (eumhun 비단 금 (bidan geum))

1. hanja form^? of 금 (“brocade”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 금수 (錦繡, geumsu)
• 금강 (錦江, Geumgang)
• 지금 (地錦, jigeum)
• 추금 (秋錦, chugeum)
• 금상첨화 (錦上添花, geumsangcheomhwa)
• 금의환향 (錦衣還鄕, geumuihwanhyang)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

錦: Hán Nôm readings: cẩm, gấm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.