-kko

See also: KKO and -kkö

Finnish

Etymology

Merger of Proto-Finnic *-kko (in the three first senses) and *-kkoi (in the two latter senses); both are derived from *-kka, and the latter is equivalent to -kka +‎ -o. Cognate with Estonian -k(u). Related to -kki.

Suffix

-kko (front vowel harmony variant -kkö)

1. Forms collective nouns.

   aallokko (“swell”), from aalto (“wave”)

   kehikko (“framework”), from kehä (“frame”)

   kolmikko (“threesome”), from kolme (“three”)

   nurmikko (“lawn”), from nurmi (“grass”)

   valjakko (“team”), from valjaat (“harness”)

2. Forms nouns denoting essential characteristics of a location.

   rannikko (“coast”), from ranta (“shore”)

   hietikko (“sands”), from hieta (“sand”)

3. Forms nouns from verbs denoting activities or tools for an activity.

   rynnäkkö (“attack”), from rynnätä (“to attack”)

   ylläkkö (“raid”), from yllättää (“to surprise”)

   valikko (“menu (computing)”), from valita (“to choose”)

4. Forms names for various beings.

   poliitikko (“politician”), from politiikka (“politics”)

   fyysikko (“physicist”), from fysiikka (“physics”)

   lumikko (“least weasel”), from lumi (“snow”)

   venakko (“Russian female”), from Venäjä (“Russia”)

5. Forms descriptive nouns.

   haulikko (“shotgun”), from hauli (“shot”)

Usage notes

In its collective senses, added to the plural stem of the base noun.

Declension

Inflection of -kko (Kotus type 4/laatikko, kk-k gradation)
nominative		-kko	-kot
genitive		-kon	-kkojen -koiden -koitten
partitive		-kkoa	-kkoja -koita
illative		-kkoon	-kkoihin -koihin
		singular	plural
nominative		-kko	-kot
accusative	nom.	-kko	-kot
	gen.	-kon
genitive		-kon	-kkojen -koiden -koitten
partitive		-kkoa	-kkoja -koita
inessive		-kossa	-koissa
elative		-kosta	-koista
illative		-kkoon	-kkoihin -koihin
adessive		-kolla	-koilla
ablative		-kolta	-koilta
allative		-kolle	-koille
essive		-kkona	-kkoina
translative		-koksi	-koiksi
instructive		—	-koin
abessive		-kotta	-koitta
comitative		—	-kkoineen

Possessive forms of -kko (type laatikko)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	-kkoni	-kkomme
2nd person	-kkosi	-kkonne
3rd person	-kkonsa

Derived terms

► Finnish words suffixed with -kko

Anagrams

• KOK, kok.