Reich
English
editEtymology
editBorrowed from German Reich (“empire, realm”). Doublet of Raj and riche.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editReich
- A German empire, kingdom or nation; its territory or government.
- 1762, A[nton] F[riedrich] Busching, “Introduction to the Description of Germany”, in [Patrick Murdoch], transl., A New System of Geography: In Which Is Given, a General Account of the Situation and Limits, the Manners, History, and Constitution, of the Several Kingdoms and States in the Known World; […], volumes IV (Containing, Part of Germany, viz. Bohemia, Moravia, Lusatia, Austria, Burgundy, Westphalia, and the Circle of the Rhine), London: […] A[ndrew] Millar […], →OCLC, page 4:
- The Empire is differently denominated as well by Germans themſelves as by others. It is called the Reich, in Latin Regnum, by way of eminence, as alſo the German Reich, in Latin Regnum Germanicum. The appellation of Germany, is ſeldom uſed now-a-days any where but in the title of the Emperor and Elector of Mentz.
- (in particular) The Third Reich; Nazi Germany.
- 2016, Colin Philpott, Relics of the Reich: The Buildings The Nazis Left Behind:
- 2017, Gerhard Engel, At the Heart of the Reich: The Secret Diary of Hitler's Army Adjutant:
- 2019, Peter Finn, A Guest of the Reich: The Story of American Heiress Gertrude Legendre:
- (chiefly derogatory) Any empire, especially one that is imperialist, tyrannical, and/or racist.
- 1936, The American Mercury, volumes 38-39, page 367:
- And so his fine words — they are excellent within these limitations — must be husbanded exclusively against foes of the Russian Reich. Nevertheless, he too turns his back on the past with a will. . . . God knows how far the Tolstoian talent […]
- 1943, Owen Joseph Christoffer Norem, Timeless Lithuania, page 280:
- Mr. Ycas, one of their members, told me that a serious attempt was made to strike for total independence but that the majority felt it was the wise course to ask for autonomy within the Russian Reich. A Lithuanian National Council was formed.
- 1943, Francis A. Ridley, Towards the British Revolution, page 15:
- Did not Oliver Cromwell, the founder of the British Reich, boast that hanging Irishmen always gave him an excellent appetite? Yet who could deny that he was a political and military genius? One should always compare Imperialisms […]
- 2000, Keith Grint, The Arts of Leadership, page 161:
- Frere, obviously keen to start the thousand-year civilizing mission of the British Reich as soon as possible, invited Cetshwayo to a meeting in December 1878.
- 2015, Grégoire Chamayou, A Theory of the Drone, page 226:
- […] we are presenting our analysis of the place and significance of the remote war technology within the American Reich.
- 2017, Madhavan K. Palat, India and the World in the First Half of the Twentieth Century:
- NATO and the European Union, both led by America, embody that purpose. It preserves the sovereignty of the member states, but ultimate sovereignty rests with the American Reich and all the states willingly coordinate their policies with and subordinate themselves to American leadership.
- 2021, Steven Best, “Failed species”, in Romanian Journal of Artistic Creativity, volume 9, number 2:
- The Human Reich over nature is inherently flawed, catastrophically overextended, and soon to fall on its own sword.
- 2023 October 24, Thomas W. Murphy, “Our Ugly Magnificence”, in Do the Math[1] (blog):
- The Human Reich is a fundamentally flawed bit of imagination that can never be realized, as we critically depend on an intact ecology.
Usage notes
edit- While Germany could only be referred to as the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 when it was under the rule of an emperor (Kaiser), the term “German Reich” describes Germany until 1945.
Related terms
editTranslations
edit
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Proper noun
editReich
- A surname from German.
Statistics
edit- According to the 2010 United States Census, Reich is the 2,796th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 12,891 individuals. Reich is most common among White (93.85%) individuals.
See also
editAnagrams
editBavarian
editEtymology
editFrom Middle High German rîche (“empire, kingdom, realm”, noun). Cognate with German Reich.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editReich n (plural Reicha)
Declension
editThis noun needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
editGerman
editEtymology
editFrom Middle High German riche, from Old High German rīhhi (“power, might, empire”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīkī, from Proto-Germanic *rīkiją, itself either a substantivised *rīkijaz (“rich, mighty”) (whence also German reich (“rich”)), or a direct borrowing from a Celtic language; compare Old Irish ríge (“rule, kingship”).[1]
Cognates include Old English rīċe (“kingdom, empire”) (obsolete English riche and rike), Dutch rijk (“empire, realm”), West Frisian ryk, Danish rige (“empire, realm”), Swedish rike, Icelandic ríki, Lithuanian rikis (“military commander, ruler”), and Sanskrit राज्य (rājyá, “royalty, kingship, sovereignty, empire”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editReich n (strong, genitive Reiches or Reichs, plural Reiche)
- empire or significant State
- 1868, Wilhelm Hoffmann, Deutschland einst und jetzt im Lichte des Reiches Gottes:
- realm (also e.g. of plants)
Declension
editDerived terms
edit- Achämenidenreich
- Altreich
- Aschantireich
- Bergkönigreich
- Bulgarenreich
- Dänenreich
- Deutsches Reich
- Drittes Reich
- Erdreich
- Fabelreich
- Frankenreich
- Fränkisches Reich
- Frankreich
- Friedensreich
- Froschreich
- Gartenreich
- Geisterreich
- Gotenreich
- Gottesreich
- Großdeutsches Reich
- Großreich
- Habsburgerreich
- Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation
- Hethiterreich
- Himmelreich
- Hunnenreich
- Inkareich
- Kaiserreich
- Kleinkönigreich
- Kleinreich
- Kolonialreich
- Königreich
- Langobardenreich
- Lichtreich
- Malireich
- Maurya-Reich
- Menschenreich
- Merowingerreich
- Mitanni-Reich
- Mittani-Reich
- Mogulreich
- Mughal-Reich
- Naturreich
- Normannenreich
- Norwegerreich
- Österreich
- Ostreich
- Partherreich
- Perserreich
- Pflanzenreich
- Phantomreich
- Pharaonenreich
- Regentschaftskönigreich
- Reich der Fabel
- Reich Gottes
- Reich Mali
- Reichsführer
- Reichshauptstadt
- Reichskommissar
- Reichskommissariat
- Reichsmark
- Reichspfennig
- Reichsrat
- Reichsstand
- Römerreich
- Safawidenreich
- Sasanidenreich
- Sassanidenreich
- Schattenreich
- Schneereich
- Schwedenreich
- Seleukidenreich
- Songhaireich, Songhai-Reich
- Sowjetreich
- Tausendjähriges Reich
- Tierreich
- Totenreich
- Überreich
- Unterreich
- Vandalenreich
- Vielvölkerreich
- Vikingerreich
- Vizekönigreich
- Weltreich
- Wesenreich
- Westgotenreich
- Westreich
- Zarenreich
- Zauberreich
Related terms
edit- Westrich n or m
Proper noun
editReich n
- the Holy Roman Empire, the First Reich
- 2006, Barbara Stollberg-Rilinger, Das Heilige Römische Reich Deutscher Nation, page 81:
- Der Prager Frieden hätte den Krieg im Reich beenden können, […]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- the Deutsche Reich
- the (Deutsche) Kaiserreich, the Second Reich (1871–1918)
- the Weimar Republic (official name, 1919–1933)
- the Third Reich (1933–1945)
- 1969, Gerhard Eisenblätter, Grundlinien der Politik des Reiches gegenüber dem Generalgouvernement, 1939-1945:
Descendants
editProper noun
editReich m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Reichs or (with an article) Reich, feminine genitive Reich, plural Reichs)
- a surname
References
edit- ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) A Handbook of Germanic etymology, Leiden & Boston: Brill, page 305
Further reading
edit- “Reich” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
- “Reich” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “Reich” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “Reich” in Duden online
- Reich on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia de
Polish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editUnadapted borrowing from German Reich. Doublet of rzesza.
Pronunciation
editProper noun
editReich m inan
- (colloquial) Germany (a country in Central Europe)
- Synonym: Niemcy
Declension
editFurther reading
edit- Reich in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
editEtymology
editBorrowed from German Reich (“realm”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editReich m (plural Reichs)
- Reich (territory of a German empire or nation)
Derived terms
editSpanish
editEtymology
editBorrowed from German Reich (“realm”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editReich m (plural Reichs)
- Reich (territory of a German empire or nation)
Derived terms
edit- English terms borrowed from German
- English terms derived from German
- English doublets
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/aɪx
- Rhymes:English/aɪx/1 syllable
- Rhymes:English/aɪk
- Rhymes:English/aɪk/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with unknown or uncertain plurals
- English terms with quotations
- English derogatory terms
- English proper nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English surnames
- English surnames from German
- English terms with /x/
- Bavarian terms inherited from Middle High German
- Bavarian terms derived from Middle High German
- Bavarian lemmas
- Bavarian nouns
- Bavarian neuter nouns
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Celtic languages
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:German/aɪ̯ç
- Rhymes:German/aɪ̯ç/1 syllable
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German nouns
- German neuter nouns
- German proper nouns
- German terms with quotations
- German masculine nouns
- German feminine nouns
- German nouns with multiple genders
- German surnames
- Polish terms derived from Middle High German
- Polish terms derived from Old High German
- Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms borrowed from German
- Polish unadapted borrowings from German
- Polish terms derived from German
- Polish doublets
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ajx
- Rhymes:Polish/ajx/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish proper nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- Polish colloquialisms
- pl:Germany
- pl:Countries in Europe
- pl:Countries
- Polish exonyms
- Portuguese terms borrowed from German
- Portuguese terms derived from German
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Spanish terms borrowed from German
- Spanish terms derived from German
- Spanish 1-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/aix
- Rhymes:Spanish/aix/1 syllable
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish masculine nouns