User:Benwing2/inflection of
Lua error in Module:User:Benwing2/form_of/templates at line 108: Parameters "1" and "4" are required.
- The following documentation is located at User:Benwing2/inflection of/documentation. [edit]
- Useful links: root page • root page’s subpages • links • redirects • transclusions
This template is used to create definition lines for inflected (non-lemma) forms. It use Module:form of as a back-end. For example, goes, going, went and gone are non-lemma forms of the lemma go, and {{inflection of}}
can be used to show the relationship between the lemma and respective non-lemma forms.
This template takes the same general parameters as {{l}}
and {{m}}
, and it uses the same post-processing on the parameters. This includes script detection, removing diacritics, processing embedded links, and so on.
Parameters
edit|1=
(required)- The language code of the lemma, of which this term is an inflection. See Wiktionary:List of languages. The parameter
|lang=
is a deprecated synonym; please do not use. If this is used, all numbered parameters move down by one. |2=
(required)- The lemma of which this term is an inflection. A link is created to the lemma, similar to links created using
{{l}}
and{{m}}
(but normally displayed in upright boldface). |3=
or|alt=
- The alternative display form of the lemma. This works like the third parameter of
{{l}}
and{{m}}
. |4=
(required),|5=
... etc.- One or more grammar tags to show. These give the definition by describing the relevant grammatical properties of this inflected form. A grammar tag can potentially be any text, but certain tags such as
nominative
,feminine
,first-person
orsubjunctive
that are recognized internally will automatically be linked to the appropriate entry in Appendix:Glossary (or in some cases, to the relevant Wiktionary or Wikipedia entry). As an example,nominative
is displayed as nominative, with an appropriate link. Certain tags are recognised as shortcuts and are equivalent to spelling out the tag. For example,1
is equivalent tofirst-person
; both will be displayed as first-person. Similarly,f
is equivalent tofeminine
, andnom
is equivalent tonominative
. The full, up-to-date list of recognized tags and their shortcuts and display forms is specified below. - Multiple tags are normally separated by spaces, so that e.g.
nom|f|s
will be displayed as nominative feminine singular. However, when punctuation characters are used as tags, they will be displayed appropriately for that punctuation character. For example,nom|,|with|3|s|object
will display as nominative, with third-person singular object (i.e. without a space preceding the comma). Among the punctuation characters recognized and handled correctly are comma, colon, parens, brackets, slash, and hyphen. The full list can be found below. - It is also possible to put
//
separators between one or more tags or shortcuts to create a list separated by slashes. For example, writingnom//acc
will expand to nominative/accusative, and writingnom//acc//voc//dat
will expand to nominative/accusative/vocative/dative. - The inflection tag
;
is recognized specially and is used to separate two inflections of the same word. Sets of tags separated by a semicolon tag will be displayed on separate lines. See examples below. |t=
or|gloss=
- A gloss or short translation of the lemma. Normally not needed, but can be used to disambiguate homonymous lemmas, i.e. multiple lemmas that happen to be spelled the same way, and where the inflected term may be a form of only one of the lemmas. For example, rang is the past tense of ring (“to sound (e.g. a bell)”) but not of the homonymous verb ring (“to surround”), whose past tense is ringed. In such cases, you can also use the
|id=
parameter to link the lemma to the appropriate section of the page. |tr=
- Transliteration of the lemma, if written in a non-Latin script and the automatically-generated transliteration is either missing or incorrect.
|ts=
- Transcription of the lemma, for non-Latin-script terms whose transliteration is markedly different from the actual pronunciation. Should not be used for IPA pronunciations. See
{{l}}
. |g=
- Gender and number of the lemma. See Module:gender and number for details. To specify multiple gender/number specs for a single lemma, separate them with a comma. Normally not needed, but could be used e.g. to disambiguate homonymous lemmas; see the discussion under the
|t=
parameter for more information. |p=
or|POS=
- Categorization part-of-speech tag of the lemma, or an abbreviation thereof (see below). Not displayed; used *ONLY* for categorization purposes, depending on the particular inflection tags and the language in question. Note that there are related templates
{{noun form of}}
,{{verb form of}}
and{{adj form of}}
, which are exactly like{{inflection of}}
but automatically set (respectively) the|p=n
,|p=v
and|p=a
parameters. |pos=
- Displayed part-of-speech indication for lemma. See
{{l}}
. *NOT* the same as the categorization part of speech tag in|p=
. The value of this parameter is displayed in parens after the lemma link, similarly to how other links work. Rarely needed. |lit=
- A literal translation for the lemma. See
{{l}}
. Rarely needed. |id=
- A sense ID for the lemma, which links to anchors on the page set by the
{{senseid}}
template. Can be used e.g. to disambiguate homonymous lemmas; see the discussion under the|t=
parameter for more information. |sc=
- The script code (see Wiktionary:Scripts) for the script that the lemma is written in. See
{{l}}
. Rarely needed as it is autodetected (usually correctly). |enclitic=
- One or more enclitics that are attached to the inflected form being described. This is useful in agglutinative languages such as Finnish that support enclitics being attached to inflected forms. See Example 5 below. To specify more than one enclitic, separate them by commas. Inline modifiers can also be attached to individual enclitics to specify transliteration, qualifiers, etc. See the section below on Enclitics.
Multiple lemmas
editIn some cases, a term is the inflection of multiple lemmas, which work alike and are alternative forms of each other. In this case, rather than duplicating the inflection tags on separate lines with separate calls to {{inflection of}}
(one per lemma), you can list multiple lemmas in a single call to {{inflection of}}
. To do this, put the additional lemma(s) in |term2=
, |term3=
, etc. All lemma property parameters have corresponding numbered versions for these additional lemmas. For example, you can use |t2=
, |tr2=
, |g2=
, etc. to specify respectively the gloss, transliteration and gender(s) of the second lemma. See Example 4 below for an example of multiple lemmas.
Enclitics
editEnclitics specified using the |enclitic=
parameter can have inline modifiers attached to them, similarly to {{col}}
(and variants such as {{col3}}
, {{der4}}
, etc.); {{syn}}
(and variants such as {{ant}}
); etc. The general syntax looks like Изабе́лла<tr:Izabɛ́lla><t:Isabelle>
to specify modifiers such as transliterations, glosses and qualifiers. Do not go overboard in the use of these modifiers; it is better in most cases to just specify the bare enclitic and put all the relevant information for the clitic in the linked page. But in some cases it may be necessary to specify e.g. manual transliterations, for languages such as Persian and Hebrew that don't provide automatic transliteration; glosses and/or sense ID's for homonymous enclitics; etc. The following modifiers are recognized; see {{link}}
for the exact meaning of these modifiers.
t
: glosstr
: transliterationts
: transcription, for languages where the transliteration and pronunciation are markedly differentq
: qualifier, e.g. rare; this appears *BEFORE* the term, parenthesized and italicizedqq
: qualifier, e.g. rare; this appears *AFTER* the term, parenthesized and italicizedg
: comma-separated list of gender/number specificationsalt
: alternative display textpos
: part of speechlit
: literal meaningid
: sense ID; see{{senseid}}
sc
: script code
See {{col}}
for examples of inline modifiers in use. Note that in the case of enclitics, multiple comma-separated enclitics can be given in the |enclitic=
parameter, and each one can have attached inline modifiers following the respective enclitic, which applies only to that enclitic.
Examples
editExample 1
editOn the page for the Spanish non-lemma form aman:
# {{inflection of|es|amar||3|p|pres|act|ind}}gives
Example 2
editOn the page for the Russian non-lemma form пути́ (putí):
# {{inflection of|ru|путь||gen//dat//pre|s|;|nom//acc|p}}gives
- inflection of путь (putʹ):
Note here how the //
separator separates tags when multiple tags apply, and ;
separates inflections. When ;
is used, the display format changes to a multi-line format, as shown. Furthermore, since the lemma is in a non-Latin script in a language with automatic transliteration, that transliteration is automatically shown.
Example 3
editOn the page for the Japanese non-lemma form 飛び移らず (tobiutsurazu):
# {{inflection of|ja|飛び移る||neg|continuative|tr=tobiutsuru}}gives
- negative continuative of 飛び移る (tobiutsuru)
Note here how an unrecognized tag continuative
is used. Such tags need to be spelled out in full, and won't be linked to anything. Furthermore, in this case, although Japanese uses a non-Latin script, no automatic transliteration is available, so the transliteration needs to be manually supplied if desired.
Example 4
editOn the page for the Russian non-lemma form дости́гнем (dostígnem):
# {{inflection of|ru|дости́гнуть|term2=дости́чь||1|p|fut|ind|pfv}}gives
- Lua error in Module:form_of/templates at line 240: Support for the separate-parameter style of multiple lemmas in form-of templates is going away; use a comma-separated lemma param with inline modifiers
Here, дости́чь (dostíčʹ) is an alternative infinitive form of the lemma дости́гнуть (dostígnutʹ). Using |term2=
, we can list this alternative lemma rather than duplicating the {{inflection of}}
call on two lines.
Example 5
editOn the page for the Finnish non-lemma form kävelisinköhän:
# {{infl of|fi|kävellä||1|s|pres|cond|enclitic=-ko,-han|t=to walk}}gives
- first-person singular present conditional of kävellä (“to walk”) (with enclitics -ko and -han)
This particular term is a first-singular present conditional form of the verb kävellä (“to walk”), with two enclitics attached to the end.
Example 6
editOn the page for the Gothic non-lemma form 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹 (witāndei):
# {{infl of|got|𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃|tr=witānds||nom|f|s|prespart-of=𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽<tr:witān><t:to observe>}}gives
- nominative feminine singular of 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (witānds), the present participle of 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (witān, “to observe”)
The lemma page contains two different verbs with the same spelling, 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (witan, “to know”) and 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (witān, “to observe”) (with a long vowel). As a result, the page for the above non-lemma form has entries for the same two verbs, and it is necessary to supply the transliteration of the long-vowel variant along with a gloss to disambiguate the two.
Inflection tags
editThe following non-language-specific inflection tags are available for use in describing inflections as per Module:form of/data (more common tags) and Module:form of/data2 (less common tags):
Canonical tag | Shortcut(s) | Display form |
---|---|---|
Person (more common) | ||
first-person |
1 |
first-person |
impersonal |
impers |
impersonal |
second-person |
2 |
second-person |
third-person |
3 |
third-person |
Person (less common) | ||
fourth-person |
4 |
fourth-person |
second-person-object form |
2o |
second-person-object form |
Number (more common) | ||
dual |
d , du |
dual |
multiple-possession |
mpos |
multiple-possession |
plural |
p , pl |
plural |
single-possession |
spos |
single-possession |
singular |
s , sg |
singular |
Number (less common) | ||
associative plural |
ass p , ass pl , assoc p , assoc pl |
associative plural |
collective |
col |
collective |
collective-possession |
cpos , colpos |
collective-possession |
distributive paucal |
dpau |
distributive paucal |
paucal |
pau |
paucal |
singulative |
sgl |
singulative |
transnumeral |
trn |
singular or plural |
trial |
tri |
trial |
Gender (more common) | ||
common |
c |
common |
feminine |
f |
feminine |
masculine |
m |
masculine |
natural masculine |
natm |
natural masculine |
neuter |
n |
neuter |
nonvirile |
nv |
nonvirile |
Gender (less common) | ||
natural feminine |
natf |
natural feminine |
virile |
vr |
virile |
Animacy (more common) | ||
animate |
an |
animate |
inanimate |
in , inan |
inanimate |
personal |
pr , pers |
personal |
Tense/aspect (more common) | ||
aorist |
aor , aori |
aorist |
future |
fut , futr |
future |
future perfect |
futp , fperf |
future perfect |
imperfect |
impf , imperf |
imperfect |
imperfective |
impfv , imperfv |
imperfective |
non-past |
npast |
non-past |
past |
past | |
past historic |
phis |
past historic |
perfect |
perf |
perfect |
perfective |
pfv , perfv |
perfective |
pluperfect |
plup , pluperf |
pluperfect |
present |
pres |
present |
preterite |
pret |
preterite |
progressive |
prog |
progressive |
Tense/aspect (less common) | ||
abtemporal |
abtemp |
abtemporal |
anterior |
ant |
anterior |
cessative |
cess |
cessative |
complete |
compl |
complete |
concomitant |
concom |
concomitant |
confirmative |
conf |
confirmative |
contemplative |
contem |
contemplative |
contemporal |
contemp |
contemporal |
continuative |
continuative | |
continuous |
cont |
continuous |
delimitative |
delim |
delimitative |
durative |
dur |
durative |
frequentative |
freq |
frequentative |
futuritive |
futv , futrv |
futuritive |
habitive |
habv |
habitive |
habitual |
hab |
habitual |
immediative |
imm , immed |
immediative |
incidental |
incid |
incidental |
iterative |
iter |
iterative |
momentane |
momentane | |
momentaneous |
mom |
momentaneous |
posterior |
post |
posterior |
preconditional |
precond |
preconditional |
prospective |
pros |
prospective |
purposive |
purp |
purposive |
recently complete |
rcompl |
recently complete |
resultative |
res |
resultative |
semelfactive |
semf |
semelfactive |
serial |
ser |
serial |
successive |
succ |
successive |
terminative aspect |
term |
terminative |
Mood (more common) | ||
conditional |
cond |
conditional |
hortative |
hort |
hortative |
imperative |
imp , impr , impv |
imperative |
indicative |
ind , indc , indic |
indicative |
jussive |
juss |
jussive |
modal |
mod |
modal |
optative |
opta , opt |
optative |
subjunctive |
sub , subj |
subjunctive |
Mood (less common) | ||
benedictive |
bened |
benedictive |
cohortative |
coho , cohort |
cohortative |
concessive |
conc |
concessive |
contrafactual |
cfact |
contrafactual |
counterfactual |
counterf |
counterfactual |
desiderative |
des , desid |
desiderative |
dubitative |
dub |
dubitative |
energetic |
ener |
energetic |
inferential |
infer , infr |
inferential |
intensive |
inten |
intensive |
intentional |
intent |
intentional |
interrogative |
interr , interrog |
interrogative |
necessitative |
nec |
necessitative |
permissive |
perm |
permissive |
potential |
potn |
potential |
precative |
prec |
precative |
prescriptive |
prescr |
prescriptive |
presumptive |
presump |
presumptive |
quotative |
quot |
quotative |
renarrative |
renarr |
renarrative |
volitive |
voli |
volitive |
voluntative |
voln , volun |
voluntative |
Voice/valence (more common) | ||
active |
act , actv |
active |
causative |
caus |
causative |
ditransitive |
ditr |
ditransitive |
intransitive |
intr , vi |
intransitive |
mediopassive |
mp , mpass , mpasv , mpsv |
mediopassive |
middle |
mid , midl |
middle |
passive |
pass , pasv |
passive |
reflexive |
refl |
reflexive |
transitive |
tr , vt |
transitive |
Voice/valence (less common) | ||
antipassive |
apass , apasv , apsv |
antipassive |
applicative |
appl |
applicative |
autonomous |
auton |
autonomous |
cooperative |
coop |
cooperative |
pluritative |
plur |
pluritative |
reciprocal |
recp , recip |
reciprocal |
Non-finite (more common) | ||
gerund |
ger |
gerund |
infinitive |
inf |
infinitive |
participle |
part , ptcp |
participle |
personal infinitive |
pinf |
personal infinitive |
supine |
sup |
supine |
transgressive |
transgressive | |
verbal noun |
vnoun |
verbal noun |
Non-finite (less common) | ||
absolutive verb form |
absvf |
absolutive |
agent participle |
agentpart |
agent participle |
agentive |
ag , agent |
agentive |
conjunctive |
conj |
conjunctive |
connegative |
conn , conneg |
connegative |
converb |
conv |
converb |
debitive |
deb |
debitive |
gerundive |
gerv |
gerundive |
l-participle |
l-ptcp , lptcp |
l-participle |
verbal of necessity |
verbnec |
verbal of necessity |
verbal participle |
verbal participle | |
Case (more common) | ||
ablative |
abl |
ablative |
accusative |
acc |
accusative |
dative |
dat |
dative |
genitive |
gen |
genitive |
instrumental |
ins |
instrumental |
locative |
loc |
locative |
nominative |
nom |
nominative |
prepositional |
pre , prep |
prepositional |
vocative |
voc |
vocative |
Case (less common) | ||
abessive |
abe |
abessive |
absolutive |
absv |
absolutive |
adessive |
ade |
adessive |
adverbial case |
advc |
adverbial |
agentive case |
agc |
agentive |
allative |
all |
allative |
associative |
ass , assoc |
associative |
benefactive |
ben , bene |
benefactive |
causal |
cauc , causc |
causal |
causal-final |
cfi , cfin |
causal-final |
comitative |
com |
comitative |
comparative case |
comc |
comparative |
delative |
del |
delative |
direct |
dir |
direct |
directive |
dirc |
directive |
distributive |
dis , dist , distr |
distributive |
elative |
ela |
elative |
equative |
equc |
equative |
ergative |
erg |
ergative |
essive |
ess |
essive |
essive-formal |
esf , efor |
essive-formal |
essive-modal |
esm , emod |
essive-modal |
illative |
ill |
illative |
indirect |
indir |
indirect |
inessive |
ine |
inessive |
instructive |
ist |
instructive |
lative |
lat |
lative |
limitative |
lim |
limitative |
locative-qualitative |
lqu , lqua |
locative-qualitative |
objective |
objv |
objective |
oblique |
obl |
oblique |
partitive |
ptv , par |
partitive |
privative |
priv |
privative |
prolative |
pro , prol |
prolative |
sociative |
soc |
sociative |
subjective |
subjv , sbjv |
subjective |
sublative |
sbl , subl |
sublative |
superessive |
spe , supe |
superessive |
temporal |
tem , temp |
temporal |
terminative case |
ter |
terminative |
translative |
tra , tran |
translative |
State (more common) | ||
attributive |
attr |
attributive |
construct |
cons , construct state |
construct state |
definite |
def , defn , definite state |
definite |
indefinite |
indef , indf , indefinite state |
indefinite |
mixed |
mix |
mixed |
possessive |
poss |
possessive |
predicative |
pred |
predicative |
strong |
str |
strong |
weak |
wk |
weak |
State (less common) | ||
independent genitive |
indgen |
independent genitive |
possessor |
posr , possr |
possessor |
reflexive possessive |
reflposs , refl poss |
reflexive possessive |
substantive |
subs , subst |
substantive |
Degrees of comparison (more common) | ||
comparative degree |
comd , comparative |
comparative degree |
positive degree |
posd , positive |
positive degree |
superlative degree |
supd , superlative |
superlative degree |
Degrees of comparison (less common) | ||
absolute superlative degree |
asupd , absolute superlative |
absolute superlative degree |
elative degree |
elad |
elative degree |
equative degree |
equd |
equative degree |
excessive degree |
excd |
excessive degree |
relative superlative degree |
rsupd , relative superlative |
relative superlative degree |
Register (less common) | ||
archaic |
arch |
archaic |
colloquial |
colloq |
colloquial |
contemporary |
conty |
contemporary |
dated |
dated | |
emphatic |
emph |
emphatic |
familiar |
fam |
familiar |
formal |
formal | |
informal |
inform |
informal |
intimate |
intim |
intimate |
literary |
lit |
literary |
obsolete |
obs |
obsolete |
polite |
pol |
polite |
slang |
slang | |
Deixis (less common) | ||
distal |
dstl |
distal |
medial |
medl |
medial |
proximal |
prox , prxl |
proximal |
Clusivity (less common) | ||
exclusive |
excl |
exclusive |
inclusive |
incl |
inclusive |
obviative |
obv |
obviative |
Inflectional class (more common) | ||
pronominal |
pron |
pronominal |
Attitude (more common) | ||
augmentative |
aug |
augmentative |
diminutive |
dim |
diminutive |
pejorative |
pej |
pejorative |
Attitude (less common) | ||
endearing |
end |
endearing |
moderative |
moder |
moderative |
Sound changes (more common) | ||
contracted |
contr |
contracted |
uncontracted |
uncontr |
uncontracted |
Sound changes (less common) | ||
alliterative |
alliterative | |
back |
back | |
front |
front | |
rounded |
round |
rounded |
sigmatic |
sigm |
sigmatic |
unrounded |
unround |
unrounded |
vowel harmonic |
vharm |
vowel harmonic |
Misc grammar (more common) | ||
adjectival |
adj |
adjectival |
adverbial |
adv |
adverbial |
clause |
clause | |
dependent |
dep |
dependent |
direct object |
dirobj |
direct object |
form |
form | |
independent |
indep |
independent |
indirect object |
indirobj |
indirect object |
long |
long | |
negative |
neg |
negative |
nominalization |
nomzn |
nominalization |
nominalized |
nomz |
nominalized |
object |
obj |
object |
phrase |
phrase | |
root |
root | |
short |
short | |
simple |
sim |
simple |
stem |
stem | |
subject |
sbj |
subject |
tense |
tense | |
Misc grammar (less common) | ||
absolute |
abs |
absolute |
affirmative |
aff |
affirmative |
affix |
af |
affix |
affixal |
afl |
affixal |
analytic |
anal , analytical |
analytic |
aspect |
asp |
aspect |
augmented |
augmented | |
circumfix |
circ , cirf , circf |
circumfix |
circumfixal |
circl , cirfl , circfl |
circumfixal |
conjunct |
conjt |
conjunct |
deuterotonic |
deut |
deuterotonic |
direct relative |
dirrel |
direct relative |
indirect relative |
indrel |
indirect relative |
infix |
infx |
infix |
infixal |
infxl |
infixal |
non-possessed |
npossd , npossed , nonpossessed |
non-possessed |
nonfinite |
nonfin |
nonfinite |
periphrastic |
peri |
periphrastic |
possessed |
possd , possed |
possessed |
possessive affix |
posaf , possaf |
possessive affix |
possessive prefix |
pospref , posspref |
possessive prefix |
possessive suffix |
possuf |
possessive suffix |
prefix |
pref |
prefix |
prefixal |
prefl |
prefixal |
prototonic |
prot |
prototonic |
relative |
rel |
relative |
suffix |
suf , suff |
suffix |
suffixal |
sufl , suffl |
suffixal |
synthetic |
synth |
synthetic |
tenseless |
tenseless | |
unaugmented |
unaugmented | |
Other tags (more common) | ||
!in |
in | |
( |
( | |
) |
) | |
, |
, | |
- |
- | |
/ |
/ | |
: |
: | |
[ |
[ | |
] |
] | |
and |
and | |
Other tags (less common) | ||
– |
– | |
— |
— |
Other items (such as "atelic") may be used as needed, but should be spelled out in full (see examples).
Non-alias shortcuts
editThe following additional non-language-specific shortcuts are available for use in describing inflections as per Module:form of/data (more common shortcuts) and Module:form of/data2 (less common shortcuts):
Shortcut | Expansion | Display form |
---|---|---|
More common: | ||
12 |
1//2 |
first/second-person |
123 |
1//2//3 |
first/second/third-person |
13 |
1//3 |
first/third-person |
1d |
{1 d} |
first-person dual |
1p |
{1 p} |
first-person plural |
1s |
{1 s} |
first-person singular |
23 |
2//3 |
second/third-person |
2d |
{2 d} |
second-person dual |
2p |
{2 p} |
second-person plural |
2s |
{2 s} |
second-person singular |
3d |
{3 d} |
third-person dual |
3p |
{3 p} |
third-person plural |
3s |
{3 s} |
third-person singular |
cond-cl |
{cond clause} |
conditional clause |
cond-past-cl |
{cond past clause} |
conditional past clause |
fn |
f//n |
feminine/neuter |
fut-cl |
{fut - tense clause} |
future-tense clause |
fut-sub-cl |
{fut sub clause} |
future subjunctive clause |
ind-cl |
{ind clause} |
indicative clause |
mf |
m//f |
masculine/feminine |
mfn |
m//f//n |
masculine/feminine/neuter |
mn |
m//n |
masculine/neuter |
past-cl |
{past - tense clause} |
past-tense clause |
past-sub-cl |
{past sub clause} |
past subjunctive clause |
pres-cl |
{pres - tense clause} |
present-tense clause |
pres-sub-cl |
{pres sub clause} |
present subjunctive clause |
simple past |
{simple past} |
simple past |
simple present |
{simple present} |
simple present |
spast |
{simple past} |
simple past |
spres |
{simple present} |
simple present |
sub-cl |
{sub clause} |
subjunctive clause |
Lang-specific tags and shortcuts
editThe following lang-specific inflection tags and non-alias shortcuts are available for use in describing inflections.
English
English-specific inflection tags:
Canonical tag | Shortcut(s) | Tag type | Display form |
---|---|---|---|
second-person (-st) |
Person | second-person | |
third-person (-th) |
Person | third-person |
English-specific non-alias shortcuts:
Shortcut | Expansion | Display form |
---|---|---|
ed-form |
{spast and past part} |
simple past and past participle |
ing-form |
{pres part and ger} |
present participle and gerund |
s-verb-form |
{3 s spres ind} |
third-person singular simple present indicative |
st-form |
{2-st s spres ind} |
second-person singular simple present indicative |
st-past-form |
{2-st s spast ind} |
second-person singular simple past indicative |
th-form |
{3-th s spres ind} |
third-person singular simple present indicative |
English-specific labels (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Label | Display form | Associated categories |
---|---|---|
archaic third singular |
archaic | English archaic third-person singular forms
|
archaic second singular present |
archaic | English second-person singular forms
|
archaic second singular past |
archaic | English second-person singular past tense forms
|
Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
subject past participles
|
broken noun plural forms
|
Breton
Breton-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
noun plural forms
|
Bulgarian
Bulgarian-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
adverbial participles
|
present active participles
|
past passive participles
|
past active aorist participles
|
past active imperfect participles
|
Catalan
Catalan-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
participle forms
|
present participles
|
past participles
|
Dutch
Dutch-specific base lemma parameters:
Parameter | Display form |
---|---|
comp-of |
comparative degree |
sup-of |
superlative degree |
pastpart-of |
past participle |
Dutch-specific inflection tags:
Canonical tag | Shortcut(s) | Tag type | Display form |
---|---|---|---|
second-person (gij) |
Person | second-person (gij) | |
second-person (u) |
Person | second-person (u) | |
diminutive |
Attitude | diminutive | |
dependent |
Misc grammar | dependent-clause |
Dutch-specific non-alias shortcuts:
Shortcut | Expansion | Display form |
---|---|---|
infl |
{m//f s attr ; def n s attr ; p attr} |
Dutch-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
noun case forms
|
adjective case forms
|
case forms
|
Dutch-specific labels (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Label | Display form | Associated categories |
---|---|---|
plural imperative |
archaic | |
subjunctive |
dated or formal | |
archaic case form |
archaic |
Estonian
Estonian-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
participles
|
Finnish
Finnish-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
long first infinitives
|
active second infinitives
|
passive second infinitives
|
active third infinitives
|
passive third infinitives
|
fifth infinitives
|
German
German-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
present participles
|
past participles
|
Gothic
Gothic-specific base lemma parameters:
Parameter | Display form |
---|---|
comp-of |
comparative degree |
sup-of |
superlative degree |
prespart-of |
present participle |
pastpart-of |
past participle |
Gothic-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
present participles
|
past participles
|
Greek
Greek-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
dative forms
|
verb past tense forms
|
verb nonfinite forms
|
Hungarian
Hungarian-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
past participles
|
present participles
|
future participles
|
adverbial participles
|
verbal participles
|
Japanese
Japanese-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
past tense verb forms
|
conjunctive verb forms
|
Latvian
Latvian-specific inflection tags:
Canonical tag | Shortcut(s) | Tag type | Display form |
---|---|---|---|
invariable |
Non-finite | invariable | |
object of perception |
Non-finite | object-of-perception | |
variable |
Non-finite | variable |
Latvian-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
adverbial forms of <<p=a>>s
|
negative verb forms
|
definite comparative adjectives
|
comparative adjectives
|
superlative adjectives
|
present active participles
|
present passive participles
|
past active participles
|
past passive participles
|
Lithuanian
Lithuanian-specific inflection tags:
Canonical tag | Shortcut(s) | Tag type | Display form |
---|---|---|---|
būdinys |
Non-finite | būdinys | |
padalyvis |
Non-finite | padalyvis | |
participle of necessity |
Non-finite | participle of necessity | |
pusdalyvis |
Non-finite | pusdalyvis |
Lithuanian-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
būdinys participles
|
padalyvis participles
|
pusdalyvis participles
|
dalyvis participles
|
comparative pronominal adjective forms
|
superlative pronominal adjective forms
|
comparative adjective forms
|
superlative adjective forms
|
Livonian
Livonian-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
present active participles
|
present passive participles
|
past active participles
|
past passive participles
|
gerunds
|
supine abessives
|
supines
|
debitives
|
Macedonian
Macedonian-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
verbal nouns
|
verb forms
|
participles
|
verb forms
|
adjectival participles
|
adverbial participles
|
perfect participles
|
aorist l-participles
|
imperfect l-participles
|
aorist l-participles
|
imperfect l-participles
|
participles
|
participle forms
|
collective plurals
|
Middle English
Middle English-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
first-person singular forms
|
second-person singular forms
|
third-person singular forms
|
first/third-person singular past forms
|
second-person singular past forms
|
plural forms
|
plural forms
|
plural subjunctive forms
|
plural past forms
|
singular subjunctive forms
|
singular past subjunctive forms
|
singular imperative forms
|
plural imperative forms
|
present participles
|
past participles
|
Northern Kurdish
Northern Kurdish-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
present participles
|
past participles
|
Pali
Pali-specific base lemma parameters:
Parameter | Display form |
---|---|
caus-of |
causative |
Polish
Polish-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
short adjective forms
|
Sanskrit
Sanskrit-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
desiderative verbs
|
verbs derived from primitive verbs
|
frequentative verbs
|
verbs derived from primitive verbs
|
root forms
|
Scots
Scots-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
verb simple past forms
|
third-person singular forms
|
Swahili
Swahili-specific inflection tags:
Canonical tag | Shortcut(s) | Tag type | Display form |
---|---|---|---|
consecutive |
Tense/aspect | consecutive | |
gnomic |
Tense/aspect | gnomic | |
situational |
Tense/aspect | situational | |
ji-ma class object inflected |
Misc grammar | ji-ma class object inflected | |
ji-ma class relative object inflected |
Misc grammar | ji-ma class relative object inflected | |
ji-ma class subject inflected |
Misc grammar | ji-ma class subject inflected | |
ki-vi class object inflected |
Misc grammar | ki-vi class object inflected | |
ki-vi class relative object inflected |
Misc grammar | ki-vi class relative object inflected | |
ki-vi class subject inflected |
Misc grammar | ki-vi class subject inflected | |
ku class object inflected |
Misc grammar | ku class object inflected | |
ku class relative object inflected |
Misc grammar | ku class relative object inflected | |
ku class subject inflected |
Misc grammar | ku class subject inflected | |
ku locative class object inflected |
Misc grammar | ku locative class object inflected | |
ku locative class relative object inflected |
Misc grammar | ku locative class relative object inflected | |
ku locative class subject inflected |
Misc grammar | ku locative class subject inflected | |
m-mi class object inflected |
Misc grammar | m-mi class object inflected | |
m-mi class relative object inflected |
Misc grammar | m-mi class relative object inflected | |
m-mi class subject inflected |
Misc grammar | m-mi class subject inflected | |
m-wa class object inflected |
Misc grammar | m-wa class object inflected | |
m-wa class relative object inflected |
Misc grammar | m-wa class relative object inflected | |
m-wa class subject inflected |
Misc grammar | m-wa class subject inflected | |
mu locative class object inflected |
Misc grammar | mu locative class object inflected | |
mu locative class relative object inflected |
Misc grammar | mu locative class relative object inflected | |
mu locative class subject inflected |
Misc grammar | mu locative class subject inflected | |
n class object inflected |
Misc grammar | n class object inflected | |
n class relative object inflected |
Misc grammar | n class relative object inflected | |
n class subject inflected |
Misc grammar | n class subject inflected | |
pa locative class object inflected |
Misc grammar | pa locative class object inflected | |
pa locative class relative object inflected |
Misc grammar | pa locative class relative object inflected | |
pa locative class subject inflected |
Misc grammar | pa locative class subject inflected | |
u class object inflected |
Misc grammar | u class object inflected | |
u class relative object inflected |
Misc grammar | u class relative object inflected | |
u class subject inflected |
Misc grammar | u class subject inflected |
Swedish
Swedish-specific labels (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Label | Display form | Associated categories |
---|---|---|
past subjunctive |
dated | |
present subjunctive |
archaic | |
past subjunctive |
dated | |
1st plural present indicative |
obsolete | |
2nd plural present indicative |
obsolete | |
plural present indicative |
pre-1940 | |
1st plural past indicative |
obsolete | |
2nd plural past indicative |
obsolete | |
plural past indicative |
pre-1940 | |
1st plural imperative |
obsolete | |
2nd plural imperative |
archaic or dialectal |
Tooro
Tooro-specific inflection tags:
Canonical tag | Shortcut(s) | Tag type | Display form |
---|---|---|---|
augmentless |
Misc grammar | augmentless | |
class 1 |
Misc grammar | class 1 | |
class 10 |
Misc grammar | class 10 | |
class 11 |
Misc grammar | class 11 | |
class 12 |
Misc grammar | class 12 | |
class 13 |
Misc grammar | class 13 | |
class 14 |
Misc grammar | class 14 | |
class 15 |
Misc grammar | class 15 | |
class 16 |
Misc grammar | class 16 | |
class 17 |
Misc grammar | class 17 | |
class 18 |
Misc grammar | class 18 | |
class 2 |
Misc grammar | class 2 | |
class 3 |
Misc grammar | class 3 | |
class 4 |
Misc grammar | class 4 | |
class 5 |
Misc grammar | class 5 | |
class 6 |
Misc grammar | class 6 | |
class 7 |
Misc grammar | class 7 | |
class 8 |
Misc grammar | class 8 | |
class 9 |
Misc grammar | class 9 |
Ukrainian
Ukrainian-specific categories (the exact conditions under which these are added are described in Module:form of/cats):
Category |
---|
participles
|
verb forms
|
present active participles
|
present passive participles
|
present adverbial participles
|
past active participles
|
past passive participles
|
past adverbial participles
|
Language-independent categorization
editDepending on the particular tags and on the presence/absence of the |p=
/|POS=
parameter, language-specific or language-independent categories may be added. The exact conditions under which this happens are described in Module:form of/cats, but the following is a list of all language-independent categories that may be added:
(no language-independent categories currently)
Language-independent labels
editDepending on the particular tags and on the presence/absence of the |p=
/|POS=
parameter, language-specific or language-independent labels may be added, as with categories. The exact conditions under which this happens are described in Module:form of/cats, but the following is a list of all language-independent labels that may be added:
(no language-independent labels currently)
Part-of-speech tags
editThe following part-of-speech tags are available for use as the |p=
or |POS=
parameter. Note that either the full (canonical) form or any of the short forms can be used and are equivalent.
Canonical part of speech | Shortcut(s) |
---|---|
adjective |
a , adj
|
adverb |
adv
|
article |
art
|
cardinal numeral |
cnum
|
conjunction |
conj
|
converb |
conv
|
determiner |
det
|
interjection |
int , intj
|
intransitive verb |
vi
|
noun |
n
|
numeral |
num
|
ordinal numeral |
onum
|
participle |
part
|
particle |
pcl
|
postposition |
postp
|
preposition |
pre , prep
|
pronoun |
pro , pron
|
proper noun |
pn , proper
|
transitive and intransitive verb |
vti
|
transitive verb |
vt
|
verb |
v , vb
|