Wiktionary

annus

See also: Annus

Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Proposed to derive from Proto-Italic *atnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ét-no-, probably from *h₂et- (“to go”). Cognate with Oscan akno- (“year, holiday, time of offering”); Umbrian acnu (“years”); Gothic *𐌰𐌸𐌽 (*aþn) or *𐌰𐌸𐌽𐍃 (*aþns, “year”), attested in 𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌸𐌽𐌹 (ataþni, “year”); and dialectal Dutch aden (“year”).

For the root, compare Sanskrit अतति (atati, “he wanders, goes”). For a comparable case of *-tn- yielding a geminate -nn- in Latin, see penna (“feather”), from Proto-Italic *petnā.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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annus m (genitive annī); second declension

  1. year
    Viginti annos natus est.
    He is twenty years old.
    Abhinc duo annos factum est.
    It happened two years ago.
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.273–274:
      Nos quoque idem facimus tunc, cum iuvenalibus annis ¶ luxuriant animi, corporaque ipsa vigent.
      We also do the same then, when in youthful years [our] spirits are luxuriant, and [our] bodies themselves are vigorous.
  2. (figurative) time
    Synonyms: tempus, hōra
  3. (figurative) season
    Synonyms: tempestās, hōra

Usage notes

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For the changing Roman conceptions of the year over time, see Roman calendar on Wikipedia.

Declension

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Second-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative annus annī
genitive annī annōrum
dative annō annīs
accusative annum annōs
ablative annō annīs
vocative anne annī

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Insular Romance:
    • Sardinian: annu
  • Balkano-Romance:
    • Aromanian: an
    • Istro-Romanian: ån
    • Megleno-Romanian: an
    • Romanian: an
  • Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Gallo-Italic:
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:
  • Borrowings:

References

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  • “annus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “annus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "annus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • annus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) at the beginning of the year: initio anni, ineunte anno
    • year by year; day by day: singulis annis, diebus
    • a year from now: ad annum
    • it is more than twenty years ago: amplius sunt (quam) viginti anni or viginti annis
    • twenty years and more: viginti anni et amplius, aut plus
    • twenty years ago: abhinc (ante) viginti annos or viginti his annis
    • I have not seen you for five years: quinque anni sunt or sextus annus est, cum te non vidi
    • he has been absent five years: quinque annos or sextum (iam) annum abest
    • the division of the year (into months, etc.: anni descriptio
    • the intercalary year (month, day): annus (mensis, dies) intercalaris
    • Homer lived many years before the foundation of Rome: Homerus fuit multis annis ante Romam conditam
    • how old are you: quot annos natus es?
    • I am thirteen years old: tredecim annos natus sum
    • I am in my thirteenth year: tertium decimum annum ago
    • a boy ten years old: puer decem annorum
    • to be entering on one's tenth year: decimum aetatis annum ingredi
    • to be ten years old: decem annos vixisse
    • to be more than ten years old, to have entered on one's eleventh year: decimum annum excessisse, egressum esse
    • to be not yet twenty: minorem esse viginti annis
    • I was ten years old at the time: tum habebam decem annos
    • to reach one's hundredth year, to live to be a hundred: centum annos complere
    • to reach one's hundredth year, to live to be a hundred: vitam ad annum centesimum perducere
    • the addition of a few years: accessio paucorum annorum
    • to happen during a person's life, year of office: in aetatem alicuius, in annum incidere
    • to prolong the command for a year: imperium in annum prorogare
    • (ambiguous) to be elected at the age required by law (lex Villia annalis): suo (legitimo) anno creari (opp. ante annum)
    • to prolong a person's command: prorogare alicui imperium (in annum)
    • (ambiguous) in the past year: praeterito anno (not praeterlapso)
    • (ambiguous) last year: superiore, priore anno
    • (ambiguous) (1) last year; (2) next year: proximo anno
    • (ambiguous) in the following year: insequenti(e) anno (not sequente)
    • (ambiguous) after a year has elapsed: anno peracto, circumacto, interiecto, intermisso
    • (ambiguous) in the course of the year: anno vertente
    • (ambiguous) at the beginning of the year: initio anni, ineunte anno
    • (ambiguous) at the end of the year: exeunte, extremo anno
    • (ambiguous) every fifth year: quinto quoque anno
    • (ambiguous) in the fifth year from the founding of the city: anno ab urbe condita quinto
    • (ambiguous) to be elected at the age required by law (lex Villia annalis): suo (legitimo) anno creari (opp. ante annum)
  • “annus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • annus in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • “annus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Further reading

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Anagrams

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