geld

See also: Geld and geldt

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɛld/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛld

Etymology 1

From Middle English geld and reinforced by Medieval Latin geldum, both from Old English geld, ġield (“payment, tribute”), from Proto-West Germanic *geld, from Proto-Germanic *geldą (“reward, gift, money”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”). Probably reinforced by gelt (which see), see Norwegian Bokmål gjeld (“debt”), Danish gæld (“debt”). Geld is also written gelt or gild, and as such found in wergild, Danegeld, etc.

Cognates

Cognate with North Frisian jild (“money”), Saterland Frisian Jield, Jäild (“money”), Dutch geld (“money”), German Geld (“money”), Old Norse gjald (“payment”), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳 (gild, “tribute”). Also related to English yield.

Noun

geld (countable and uncountable, plural gelds)

1. (chiefly archaic, dialectal or historical) Money.
   1. (Northern England) A payment.
   2. (historical) In particular, (money paid as) a medieval form of land tax.

Verb

geld (third-person singular simple present gelds, present participle gelding, simple past and past participle gelded)

1. (historical) To tax geld.

Related terms

• Danegeld
• hidegeld
• wharfgeld
• sandgeld
• wergeld
• yield

Translations

money — see money

medieval land tax

• Latin: geldum n
• Old English: gield n

Etymology 2

From Middle English gelden, from Old Norse gelda (“to geld, castrate”), from Proto-Germanic *galdijaną (“to castrate”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”).

Cognate with Old Norse geldr (“yielding no milk, dry”), German galt, gelt (“not giving milk, barren”), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌰 (gilþa, “sickle”). Compare the archaic German Gelze (“castrated swine”) and gelzen (“to castrate”), Danish galt (“castrated boar”) (from Old Norse gǫltr (“boar, hog”), cognate with English gilt and gilde (“to geld”). "gelding" derives from Old Norse geldingr.

Verb

geld (third-person singular simple present gelds, present participle gelding, simple past and past participle gelded or gelt)

1. (transitive) To castrate a male (usually an animal).
   • 1922, Virginia Woolf, Jacob's Room, Vintage Classics, paperback edition, pages 16–17:

     "Poor old Topaz," said Mrs Flanders, as he stretched himself out in the sun, and she smiled, thinking how she had had him gelded, and how she did not like red hair in men.

2. (transitive, figurative) To deprive of anything essential; to weaken.

Translations

remove the testicles of a person or animal — see castrate

Noun

geld (plural gelds)

1. A female animal, such as a ewe or cow, that is not pregnant.

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch geld (“money”), from Middle Dutch gelt, from Old Dutch geld, from Proto-Germanic *geldą, cognate with German Geld (“money”), Old Norse gjald (“payment”), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳 (gild, “tribute”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /χɛlt/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

geld (plural gelde)

1. (uncountable) money
2. (uncountable) cash, currency

   Synonym: kontant

3. tariff, compensation

Derived terms

• geldboete
• geldeenheid
• geldstuk
• papgeld
• sakgeld
• spaargeld

Descendants

• → Sotho: tjhelete
• → Venda: tshelede

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣɛlt/, (Northern Dutch) [xɛlt], (Southern Dutch) [ɣɛlt]

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: geld
• Rhymes: -ɛlt

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch gelt, gheld, ghelt, from Old Dutch geld, from Proto-West Germanic *geld, from Proto-Germanic *geldą (“reward, gift, money”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”).

Noun

geld n (plural gelden)

1. money

   Synonyms: doekoe, poen

Derived terms

• baar geld
• belastinggeld
• bibbergeld
• bloedgeld
• briefgeld
• bruggegeld
• chartaal geld
• drinkgeld
• geldaanbod
• geldauto
• geldautomaat
• geldbedrag
• geldboete
• geldbron
• geldbuidel
• geldelijk
• geldezel
• geldgebrek
• geldgewin
• geldgroei
• geldhandel
• geldhoeveelheid
• geldillusie
• geldkraan
• geldneutraliteit
• geldschepping
• geldschieten
• geldsnoeier
• geldsom
• geldsoort
• geldstraf
• geldstroom
• geldstuk
• geldtransport
• geldvoorraad
• geldwaarde
• geldwagen
• geldwolf
• geldzaak
• gevarengeld
• giraal geld
• goed geld
• handgeld
• kasgeld
• lidgeld
• losgeld
• monopolygeld
• muntgeld
• ontgelden
• overheidsgeld
• papiergeld
• reisgeld
• slecht geld
• speelgeld
• staangeld
• stageld
• vakantiegeld
• vergelden
• wachtgeld
• weergeld
• wisselgeld
• zakgeld
• zwart geld
• zwijggeld

 

Descendants

• Afrikaans: geld
  • → Sotho: tjhelete
  • → Venda: tshelede
• Jersey Dutch: xjäält, xält
• Negerhollands: geld, gelt
• Skepi Creole Dutch: galti

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch gelde, probably borrowed from Old Norse geldr (“barren, yielding no milk”), from Proto-Germanic *galdaz, *galdijaz (“barren, unfruitful”). The ultimate origin is uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”), or from *gʰel- (“to shout, cry”).

Adjective

geld (not comparable)

1. (obsolete, of female animals) not pregnant

   Antonym: drachtig

2. (obsolete, of fish) male

Inflection

Inflection of geld
uninflected	geld
inflected	gelde
comparative	—
		positive
predicative/adverbial		geld
indefinite	m./f. sing.	gelde
	n. sing.	geld
	plural	gelde
definite		gelde
partitive		gelds

Alternative forms

• gelt (obsolete)

Descendants

• → West Frisian: geld

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

geld

1. inflection of gelden:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. imperative

Icelandic

Verb

geld

1. first-person singular present indicative of gjalda

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jeld/, [jeɫd]

Noun

ġeld n

1. Alternative form of ġield

Declension

Declension of geld (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	ġeld	ġeld
accusative	ġeld	ġeld
genitive	ġeldes	ġelda
dative	ġelde	ġeldum

Scots

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡɛl(d)]

Adjective

geld (comparative mair geld, superlative maist geld)

1. Alternative form of yeld