Pronunciation
edit
jb
- Initialism of 雞巴/鸡巴 (jībā).
Egyptian
edit
Etymology 1
edit
From Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”), cognate with Proto-Semitic *libb-[1] and Proto-Berber *ulβ.
Pronunciation
edit
m
- heart (blood-pumping organ)
- core, heart, center
- mind; seat of thoughts, emotions, character, personality, etc.
- c. 1292-1189 BCE, (19th Dynasty), Papyrus Chester Beatty V, The Hymn to the Nile flood:[2][3]
- smn mꜣꜥt m jbw rmṯ […]
- Truth is fixed in the minds of men […]
- mental faculties
c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE,
Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 13–17:
- jꜥ tw jmj mw ḥr ḏbꜥw.k jḫ wšb.k wšd.t(w).k mdw.k n nswt jb.k m-ꜥ.k wšb.k nn njtjt
- Wash yourself, put water on your fingers,
so you might answer when you are addressed, speak to the king with your mind in your possession, and answer without stammering.
- intellect, understanding, intelligence, mind, thought
- conscience, moral sense
- intention, will
- appetite, will or desire for gratification
c. 1900 BCE,
The Instructions of Kagemni (
pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.11–1.12:
- ḫr (tw)r n(j) ḥr r dfꜣ jb jmꜣ n.f kꜣhs r mwt.f
- One who is averted of face against feeding the heart (i.e. one who doesn’t indulge himself), the harsh man has to be more kindly to him than his (own) mother.[4]
- mood, emotional state
Inflection
edit
Declension of jb (masculine)
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jb
|
|
|
|
|
jb
|
jb
|
jb
|
jꜣb
|
jjb
|
|
[Old Kingdom]
|
[Old Kingdom]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
Synonyms
edit
Derived terms
edit
See also
edit
2-lit.
- (intransitive, with r) to wish to, to intend to (do something) [since Middle Kingdom literature]
- (intransitive, with r) to wish for, to want, to desire (something) [since Middle Kingdom literature]
Inflection
edit
Conjugation of jb (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: jb, geminated stem: jbb
infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
jb
|
jbw, jb
|
jbt
|
jb, j.jb
|
jb, j.jb
|
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
jb
|
ḥr jb
|
m jb
|
r jb
|
suffix conjugation
|
aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
perfect
|
jb.n
|
jbw, jb
|
consecutive
|
jb.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
terminative
|
jbt
|
perfective3
|
jb
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
jb.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
imperfective
|
jb, j.jb1
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
prospective3
|
jb
|
jbb
|
potentialis1
|
jb.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
subjunctive
|
jb, j.jb1
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
verbal adjectives
|
aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
perfect
|
jb.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
perfective
|
jb
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
jb
|
jbb, jbbj6, jb2, jbw2 5, jby2 5
|
imperfective
|
j.jb1, jb, jby, jbw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
j.jb1, j.jbw1 5, jb, jbj6, jby6
|
jb, jbw5
|
prospective
|
jb, jbtj7
|
—
|
jbtj4, jbt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
2-lit.
- (transitive) to think, to suppose [since Middle Kingdom literature]
Inflection
edit
Conjugation of jb (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: jb, geminated stem: jbb
infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
jb
|
jbw, jb
|
jbt
|
jb, j.jb
|
jb, j.jb
|
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
jb
|
ḥr jb
|
m jb
|
r jb
|
suffix conjugation
|
aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
perfect
|
jb.n
|
jbw, jb
|
consecutive
|
jb.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
terminative
|
jbt
|
perfective3
|
jb
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
jb.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
imperfective
|
jb, j.jb1
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
prospective3
|
jb
|
jbb
|
potentialis1
|
jb.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
subjunctive
|
jb, j.jb1
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
verbal adjectives
|
aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
perfect
|
jb.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
perfective
|
jb
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
jb
|
jbb, jbbj6, jb2, jbw2 5, jby2 5
|
imperfective
|
j.jb1, jb, jby, jbw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
j.jb1, j.jbw1 5, jb, jbj6, jby6
|
jb, jbw5
|
prospective
|
jb, jbtj7
|
—
|
jbtj4, jbt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jb
Etymology 2
edit
Pronunciation
edit
m
- goat kid [Middle Kingdom literature and 18th Dynasty]
Inflection
edit
Declension of jb (masculine)
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jb
|
|
jb
|
jb
|
[18th Dynasty]
|
[18th Dynasty]
|
from the tomb of Rekhmire
|
from the tomb of Rekhmire
|
Etymology 3
edit
The template Template:egy-verb form of does not use the parameter(s): notdef=1
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.perfective active participle of jbj (“to be(come) thirsty”)
Pronunciation
edit
m
- thirsty man
Inflection
edit
Declension of jb (masculine)
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jb
References
edit
- “jb (lemma ID 23290)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “jb (lemma ID 23370)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[2], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “jb (lemma ID 23340)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[3], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “jb (lemma ID 23360)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[4], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[5], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 59.10–60.13, 61.7, 61.11, 61.15
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 14–15
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 81, 166, 388, 456.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 31
- ^ Helck, Wolfgang (1972) Der Text des “Nilhymnus”, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, Page 65
- ^ The Hymn to the Nile flood at Digital Egypt for Universities
- ^ The beginning of this passage, encompassing the glyphs , seems corrupt and has been emended in various ways. Gardiner takes it as an otherwise unattested word *ḫtr (“to be powerless”) and the entire passage as ḫtr.n ḥr r dfꜣ jb (“the face is powerless(?) over against one stolid(?)”). Allen restores it as ḫr twr, as given here, based on the determinatives (with the assumption that the scribe forgot a ). Lichtheim, following Feder, reads ḫrr (“gentle/meek”) and considers dfꜣ-jb to mean something like ‘timidity, slowness’, reading the whole as ‘He who is gentle, even timid…’.