kiesen
German
editEtymology
editFrom Middle High German kiesen, from Old High German kiosan, from Proto-West Germanic *keusan, from Proto-Germanic *keusaną (“to choose”).
Cognate with Low German kesen, Dutch kiezen, English choose, Danish kyse, Icelandic kjósa, Gothic 𐌺𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽 (kiusan).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editkiesen (class 2 strong, third-person singular present (obsolete) kiest, past tense (archaic) kor, past participle (archaic) gekoren, past subjunctive (archaic) köre, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive, archaic, partly obsolete) to choose; to select
Usage notes
edit- The verb is defective in contemporary German. The present forms (stem kies-) are obsolete and unintelligible to the average native speaker. The past forms (stem kor-) are archaic, but likely to be understood.
Conjugation
editinfinitive | kiesen1 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | kiesend1 | ||||
past participle | gekoren2 | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich kiese1 | wir kiesen1 | i | ich kiese1 | wir kiesen1 |
du kiest1 | ihr kiest1 | du kiesest1 | ihr kieset1 | ||
er kiest1 | sie kiesen1 | er kiese1 | sie kiesen1 | ||
preterite | ich kor2 | wir koren2 | ii | ich köre2,3 | wir kören2,3 |
du korst2 | ihr kort2 | du körest2,3 du körst2,3 |
ihr köret2,3 ihr kört2,3 | ||
er kor2 | sie koren2 | er köre2,3 | sie kören2,3 | ||
imperative | kies (du)1 kiese (du)1 |
kiest (ihr)1 |
1Obsolete.
2Archaic.
3Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
1Archaic.
2Obsolete.
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
editMiddle Dutch
editEtymology
editVerb
editkiesen
Inflection
editStrong class 2 | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | kiesen | |
3rd sg. past | côos | |
3rd pl. past | cōren | |
Past participle | gecōren | |
Infinitive | kiesen | |
In genitive | kiesens | |
In dative | kiesene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | kiese | côos |
2nd singular | kies, kieses | cōors, cōres |
3rd singular | kiest, kieset | côos |
1st plural | kiesen | cōren |
2nd plural | kiest, kieset | cōort, cōret |
3rd plural | kiesen | cōren |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | kiese | cōre |
2nd singular | kies, kieses | cōres |
3rd singular | kiese | cōre |
1st plural | kiesen | cōren |
2nd plural | kiest, kieset | cōret |
3rd plural | kiesen | cōren |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | kies, kiese | |
Plural | kiest, kieset | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | kiesende | gecōren |
Descendants
editFurther reading
edit- “kiesen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “kiesen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle High German
editEtymology
editInherited from Old High German kiosan, from Proto-West Germanic *keusan.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editkiesen (class 2 strong, third-person singular present kiuset, past tense kōs, past participle gekorn, past subjunctive küre, auxiliary hān)
- to choose
Conjugation
editinfinitive | kiesen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
genitive gerund | kiesennes kiesenes | ||||
dative gerund | kiesenne kiesene | ||||
present participle | kiesende | ||||
past participle | gekorn | ||||
auxiliary | hān | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich kiuse | wir kiesen | i | ich kiese | wir kiesen |
du kiusest | ir kieset | du kiesest | ir kieset | ||
ër kiuset | sie kiesent | ër kiese | sie kiesen | ||
preterite | ich kōs | wir kuren | ii | ich küre | wir küren |
du küre | ir kuret | du kürest | ir küret | ||
ër kōs | sie kuren | ër küre | sie küren | ||
imperative | kius (du) | kieset (ir) |
Descendants
edit- German: kiesen
References
edit- Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “kiesen”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵews-
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German strong verbs
- German class 2 strong verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German terms with archaic senses
- German terms with obsolete senses
- German defective verbs
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵews-
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Frankish
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Frankish
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Middle Dutch class 2 strong verbs
- Middle High German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle High German terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵews-
- Middle High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle High German terms inherited from Old High German
- Middle High German terms derived from Old High German
- Middle High German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle High German lemmas
- Middle High German verbs
- Middle High German strong verbs
- Middle High German class 2 strong verbs
- Middle High German verbs using hān as auxiliary