koks
Albanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Internationalism, ultimately from English coke. Compare German Koks.
Noun edit
koks m (definite koksi) (uncountable)
- coke (solid residue from roasting coal)
References edit
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from German Koks, from English cokes.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
koks m inan
Declension edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ "koks" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007
Further reading edit
Danish edit
Noun edit
koks c
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
koks
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
Early 20th century; borrowed from English coke.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
koks n (genitive singular koks, no plural)
Declension edit
References edit
- Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
Latvian edit
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Etymology edit
From Proto-Baltic *kuok-, from Proto-Indo-European *kewk-, from the stem *kew- (“to bend, to be bent”).
Meaning at first “bent wood, branch, stick,” it soon became “wood, tree.” It competed with mežs (< *medis), the original term for “wood, tree,” which soon acquired the meaning of “forest.” The original “branch, stick” meaning of koks can still be occasionally found (see below).
Cognates include Lithuanian kúoka (“stick with thick end, pounder, pestle”), kúokas (“stick with thick end; thick end of a stick; tuber; mace, club”), kukà (“stick”), Bulgarian кука (kuka, “spike, peg, wedge, hook, handle”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
| (file) |
Noun edit
koks m (1st declension)
- tree (perennial plant with woody stem or trunk, foliage, and roots)
- augļu koki ― fruit trees
- koku lapotne ― tree foliage
- koku puduris ― clump of trees
- jauktu koku mežs ― mixed tree forest
- koki šalc vējā ― the trees rustle in the wind
- nokaltis koks ― withered tree
- kails koks ― naked, bald (= leafless) tree
- zaļš koks ― green tree (i.e., with leaves)
- apsūnojis koks ― mossy tree
- simtgadīgs koks ― centenarian tree
- lapu koks ― deciduous (lit. leaf) tree
- skuju koks ― connifer (lit. needle 'tree)
- zāģēt, cirst kokus ― to saw, to axe trees
- koku tārpi ― tree worms
- viens kā koks ― alone as a tree (= very lonely)
- timber (felled trees seen as a substance)
- Intas tēvs jau toreiz strādāja uz upes pie koku pludināšanas ― Inta's father at that time already worked at timber floating (log driving) on the river
- kalējs sāka vest kokus smēdei ― the blacksmith began to bring timber, wood to the forge
- koku dārzs ― timber corral (an enclosure for floating timber on a watercourse)
- logs, boards, planks
- grāvis uzplūdis, tiltiņam divi koki iznesti ― the ditch flooded, two logs (were) taken to the little bridge
- wood (timber seen as material for making things)
- koka ēka ― wooden building
- koka karote ― wooden spoon
- koka tupeles ― wooden shoes
- koka rotaļlietas ― wooden toys
- vecmodīga koka gulta ― old-fashioned wooden bed
- club, stick, rod (e.g., for hitting)
- skatos pēc kāda koka; kreisā roka man brīva, varētu šakāļus aizdzīt ― I look at some stick: (my) left arm is free, I could drive the shackals away
- viņš saņēmis par to kokus ― for this reason he took the sticks (= he was given corporal physical punishment)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “koks”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lithuanian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂-kʷo-, see also Proto-Slavic *kakъ (“what kind of”), Welsh pob.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
kóks m (feminine kokià)
Declension edit
Pronoun edit
kóks
Declension edit
See also edit
References edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cach, cech”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
From the plural of English coke.
Noun edit
koks m (definite singular koksen, uncountable)
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Low German kouwese.
Noun edit
koks f (definite singular koksa, indefinite plural kokser, definite plural koksene)
References edit
- “koks” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams edit
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from German Koks, from English cokes.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
koks m inan
- coke (solid residue from roasting coal in a coke oven)
- (colloquial, sports) doping, especially anabolic steroids
- (slang) powder cocaine
- Synonym: koka
Declension edit
Noun edit
koks m pers
- (slang, derogatory) a bodybuilder, especially one who uses steroids
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English cokes. First attested in 1825.
Noun edit
koks c
Declension edit
| Declension of koks | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uncountable | ||||
| Indefinite | Definite | |||
| Nominative | koks | koksen | — | — |
| Genitive | koks | koksens | — | — |