niger
English edit
Etymology edit
From the name of the Niger River, from Latin Nigris. See further etymology at Niger.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
niger (uncountable)
- An Ethiopian herb, Guizotia abyssinica, grown for its seed and edible oil.
References edit
- “Niger, n.2.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, September 2003.
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Etymology edit
Uncertain origin,[1] but possibly from Proto-Indo-European *negʷ- (“bare, naked”) if this root is assumed also to be the source of *nókʷts (“night”) (Latin nox), thus “black” would attest the intermediate meaning between “bare” and “night”.[2] Cognate of Umbrian niru (accusative case) possibly "dark, black".[3]
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈni.ɡer/, [ˈnɪɡɛr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈni.d͡ʒer/, [ˈniːd͡ʒer]
Audio (Ecclesiastical Latin) (file)
Adjective edit
niger (feminine nigra, neuter nigrum, superlative nigerrimus); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)
- wan, shining black (as opposed to āter, dull black)
- Nigrum in candida vertere.
- To turn black into white.
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:niger.
- bad; evil; ill-omened
Usage notes edit
- Widely used as a specific epithet.
Declension edit
First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er).
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | niger | nigra | nigrum | nigrī | nigrae | nigra | |
Genitive | nigrī | nigrae | nigrī | nigrōrum | nigrārum | nigrōrum | |
Dative | nigrō | nigrō | nigrīs | ||||
Accusative | nigrum | nigram | nigrum | nigrōs | nigrās | nigra | |
Ablative | nigrō | nigrā | nigrō | nigrīs | |||
Vocative | niger | nigra | nigrum | nigrī | nigrae | nigra |
Synonyms edit
- (black): fuscus
Antonyms edit
- (shining white): candidus
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Balkan Romance:
- Italo-Romance:
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Occitano-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Borrowings:
See also edit
albus, candidus, niveus, cēreus, marmoreus, eburneus, cānus, blancus (ML.) | rāvus, pullus, cinereus, cinerāceus, plumbeus, grīseus (ML. or NL.) | niger, āter, piceus, furvus |
ruber, rūfus, russus, rubrīcus, pūniceus, murrinus, mulleus; cocceus, coccīnus, badius | rutilus, armeniacus, aurantius, aurantiacus; fuscus, colōrius, cervīnus, spādīx, castaneus, aquilus, fulvus, brunneus (ML.) | flāvus, fulvus, lūteus, gilvus, helvus, croceus, pallidus, blondinus (ML.) |
galbus, galbinus, lūridus | viridis | prasinus |
cȳaneus | caeruleus, azurīnus (ML.), blāvus (LL.) | glaucus; līvidus; venetus |
violāceus, ianthinus, balaustīnus (NL.) | ostrīnus, amethystīnus | purpureus, ātropurpureus, roseus, rosāceus |
References edit
- Buchi, Éva; Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008-), “*/ˈnɪɡr-u/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ Watkins, Calvert, ed., The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed., Houghton Mifflin Co., 2000.
- ^ Robert Planta 2011, Grammatik der Oskisch-Umbrischen Dialekts.
Further reading edit
- “niger”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “niger”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- niger in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- “niger”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “niger”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
nȉger m (Cyrillic spelling ни̏гер)
- (slang, derogatory) nigger
- Synonym: cr̀nac
Declension edit
Declension of niger
References edit
- “niger” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Swedish edit
Verb edit
niger