pullus
English
edit
Etymology
editUnadapted borrowing from Latin pullus.
Pronunciation
edit
Noun
editpullus (plural pulli)
- (ornithology) A chick; a young bird in the downy stage.
References
edit- “pullus”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Dutch
editEtymology
editUnadapted borrowing from Latin pullus. Doublet of pul.
Pronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Noun
editpullus m (plural pulli)
Latin
editPronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈpʊl.lʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈpul.lus]
Etymology 1
editDisputed; two etymologies are plausible:
- From Proto-Italic *polnos, from Proto-Indo-European *polH-on- (“offspring, (animal) young”); compare Ancient Greek πῶλος (pôlos, “foal; young girl”), Proto-Germanic *fulô (“foal”), Albanian pjellë (“child”) and pelë (“mare”), Old Armenian ուլ (ul, “kid, fawn”). The verbal root is likely found in Albanian pjell (“to beget”), which implies a connection to pellō (“to drive, push”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- with a semantic shift of “to push (out)” > “to beget”,[1] if not a distinct root *pelH- (“to give birth”).[2]
- From Proto-Indo-European *put-, also found in Latin putus (“boy”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *putrás (“boy”) and perhaps Sanskrit पोत (pota, “young animal”) (which would indicate *pewt-, though more likely borrowed from Dravidian) and Lithuanian putýtis (“young bird, young animal”). De Vaan reconstructs Proto-Italic *putslos, which he considers a variant of *putlos (“boy”). The presence of an earlier apical consonant in the stem in Latin is evidenced by the -s- in the diminutive adjective pusillus.[3] Some authors connect these to the root *peh₂w- (“small”) (compare Latin paulus, paullus (“small”) and paucus (“little, few”), Old English fēaw (“little, few”)), but the morphology is unclear and the complete disappearance of the laryngeal is hard to explain.
Alternatively onomatopoeic, like Swedish pulla.
Noun
editpullus m (genitive pullī); second declension
Declension
editSecond-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | pullus | pullī |
| genitive | pullī | pullōrum |
| dative | pullō | pullīs |
| accusative | pullum | pullōs |
| ablative | pullō | pullīs |
| vocative | pulle | pullī |
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Balkan Romance:
- Italo-Romance:
- Padanian:
- Lombard: pói
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
From derivations:
- ⇒ Late Latin: pullanus
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: pulla f
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: pullāmen
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: pullaster, pullastrum (cf. pullastra
- Italo-Romance:
- Padanian:
- Insular Romance:
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *pulletrus
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *pulleus (attributive)
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *pulliana f
- Italian: poiana
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: pullīnus
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *pullittus (diminutive)
- ⇒? Vulgar Latin: *pūllicella
- ⇒? Vulgar Latin: *pulliter, *pullitrum, *pullitrus
- ⇒? Vulgar Latin: *pullere
- Asturian: espolletar
Unsorted:
- Borrowings
References
edit- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “pjell”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 330
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fulan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 158
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “putus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 502–503
Etymology 2
editProbably from Proto-Indo-European *polHwós (maybe a weak form of *pélHus) or *polHnós, from the root *pelH- (“pale, gray”), thereby related to palleō, though the formal details are debated.[1]
Adjective
editpullus (feminine pulla, neuter pullum); first/second-declension adjective
- dark-colored, dark gray; dusky
- (transferred sense):
Declension
editFirst/second-declension adjective.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | pullus | pulla | pullum | pullī | pullae | pulla | |
| genitive | pullī | pullae | pullī | pullōrum | pullārum | pullōrum | |
| dative | pullō | pullae | pullō | pullīs | |||
| accusative | pullum | pullam | pullum | pullōs | pullās | pulla | |
| ablative | pullō | pullā | pullō | pullīs | |||
| vocative | pulle | pulla | pullum | pullī | pullae | pulla | |
Derived terms
editSee also
edit| albus, candidus, subalbus, niveus, cēreus, marmoreus, eburneus, cānus, blancus (ML.) | glaucus, rāvus, pullus, cinereus, cinerāceus, plumbeus, grīseus (ML. or NL.) | niger, āter, piceus, furvus |
| ruber, rūbidus, rūfus, rubicundus, russus, rubrīcus, pūniceus, murrinus, mulleus; cocceus, coccīnus, badius | rutilus, armeniacus, aurantius, aurantiacus; fuscus, suffuscus, colōrius, cervīnus, spādīx, castaneus, aquilus, fulvus, brunneus (ML.) | flāvus, sufflāvus, flāvidus, fulvus, lūteus, gilvus, helvus, croceus, pallidus, blondinus (ML.) |
| galbus, galbinus, lūridus | viridis | prasinus |
| cȳaneus | caeruleus, azurīnus (ML.), caesius, blāvus (LL.) | glaucus; līvidus; venetus |
| violāceus, ianthinus, balaustīnus (NL.) | ostrīnus, amethystīnus | purpureus, ātropurpureus, roseus, rosāceus |
References
edit- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pullus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 497
Further reading
edit- “pullus, i, m.”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pullus, a, um”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pullus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "pullus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- pullus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “pullus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
Categories:
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English unadapted borrowings from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Ornithology
- en:Baby animals
- en:Birds
- Dutch terms borrowed from Latin
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- nl:Ornithology
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin onomatopoeias
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- Latin masculine nouns in the second declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pelH-
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin adjectives
- Latin first and second declension adjectives
- Latin terms with transferred senses
- la:Baby animals
- la:Colors