translation

See also: Translation

See Wiktionary:Translations for the Wiktionary style guide for translations, and Wiktionary:Interlanguage links

English

Etymology

From Middle English translacioun (“transfer, translation”), from Anglo-Norman translacioun, from Latin trānslātiō, from trānslāt-, the supine stem of trānsferō (“to transfer, transport, transform, translate”). Displaced native Old English wending.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /tɹænzˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, /tɹæns-/, /tɹɑːnz-/, /tɹɑːns-/

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /tɹænzˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, /tɹæn(t)sˈleɪʃ(ə)n/

• Audio (GA)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪʃən
• Hyphenation: trans‧lat‧ion

Noun

translation (countable and uncountable, plural translations)

1. (countable, uncountable) The act of translating, in its various senses:
   1. The conversion of text from one language to another.

      This old text needs translation into modern English before it is published.

   2. (translation studies) The discipline or study of translating written language (as opposed to interpretation, which concerns itself with spoken language).
   3. The conversion of something from one form or medium to another.
   4. (physics, mathematics) A motion or compulsion to motion in a straight line without rotation or other deformation.
   5. (mathematics) A relation between two mathematical figures such as a straight line where the coordinates of each point in one figure is a constant added to the coordinates of a corresponding point in the other figure.
   6. (genetics) The process whereby a strand of mRNA directs assembly of amino acids into proteins within a ribosome.
   7. (physics) A transfer of motion occurring within a gearbox.
   8. The automatic retransmission of a telegraph message.
   9. The conveyance of something from one place to another, especially:
      1. (Christianity) An ascension to Heaven without death.
      2. (Christianity) A transfer of a bishop from one diocese to another.
      3. (Christianity) A transfer of a holy relic from one shrine to another.
      4. (medicine) A transfer of a disease from one body part to another.
2. (countable) The product or end result of an act of translating, in its various senses.

Alternative forms

• translatioun (obsolete)
• tr., trans., transl. (abbreviation)

Derived terms

• hypertranslation
• machine translation
• nontranslational
• overtranslation
• thick translation
• translational
• translationally
• translationless
• translation rights
• translation studies
• untranslational

 

Related terms

• translatability
• translatable
• translate
• translated
• translative
• translator
• translatory
• untranslatability
• untranslatable, untranslateable
• untranslatableness, untranslateableness
• untranslatably
• untranslated (adjective)

 

Translations

act of translating between languages

• Afrikaans: vertaling (af)
• Albanian: përkthim (sq) m
• Amharic: ትርጉም (tərgum)
• Arabic: تَرْجَمَة‎ (ar) f (tarjama)
• Armenian: թարգմանություն (hy) (tʿargmanutʿyun)
• Assamese: ভাঙনি (bhaṅoni), অনুবাদ (onubad), তৰ্জমা (torzoma)
• Asturian: traducción (ast) f
• Azerbaijani: tərcümə (az)
• Bashkir: тәржемә (tärjemä)
• Basque: itzulpen
• Belarusian: перакла́д m (pjeraklád)
• Bengali: অনুবাদ (bn) (onubad), তর্জমা (bn) (torjoma)
• Bikol Central: palis
• Bulgarian: пре́вод (bg) m (prévod)
• Burmese: ယောဇနာ (my) (yau:ja.na)
• Buryat: оршуулга (oršuulga)
• Catalan: traducció (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 翻譯／翻译 (faan¹ jik⁶)

  Dungan: фанйи (fanyi)

  Hakka: 翻譯／翻译 (fân-yi̍t)

  Mandarin: 翻譯／翻译 (zh) (fānyì)

  Min Dong: 翻譯／翻译 (huăng-ĭk)

  Min Nan: 翻譯／翻译 (zh-min-nan) (hoan-ia̍k, hoan-e̍k)

  Wu: 翻譯／翻译 (fe hhiq)

• Czech: překládání n
• Danish: oversættelse (da) c
• Dolgan: тулмаас (tulmaas), тылбаас (tılbaas)
• Dutch: vertaling (nl) f
• Esperanto: traduko (eo)
• Estonian: tõlge (et), tõlkimine
• Finnish: kääntäminen (fi)
• French: traduction (fr) f, translation (fr) f
• Galician: tradución (gl) f
• Georgian: თარგმნა (targmna)
• German: Übersetzung (de) f, Übersetzen n
• Greek: μετάφραση (el) f (metáfrasi)
• Gujarati: અનુવાદ (gu) (anuvād), ભાષાંતર (bhāṣāntar)
• Hawaiian: unuhina
• Hebrew: תַּרְגּוּם‎ (he) m (targúm)
• Hindi: अनुवाद (hi) m (anuvād)
• Hungarian: fordítás (hu)
• Icelandic: þýðing (is) f
• Ido: traduko (io)
• Indonesian: penerjemahan (id), alih bahasa (id)
• Interlingua: traduction
• Irish: aistriú m
• Italian: traduzione (it) f
• Japanese: 翻訳 (ja) (ほんやく, hon'yaku)
• Kazakh: аударма (kk) (audarma)
• Khakas: тiлбес (tilbes)
• Khmer: ការបកប្រែ (kaa bɑɑk prae), ការប្រែ (kaa prae)
• Korean: 번역(飜譯) (ko) (beonyeok)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: وەرگێڕ‎ (ckb) (wergêrr)

  Northern Kurdish: werger (ku)

• Kyrgyz: котормо (ky) (kotormo)
• Lao: ຄຳແປ (kham pǣ)
• Latin: trānslātiō (la) f, interpretātiō f
• Latvian: tulkošana f
• Lithuanian: vertimas (lt) m
• Luxembourgish: Iwwersetzung (lb) f
• Macedonian: превод m (prevod), преведување n (preveduvanje)
• Malay: penterjemahan
• Malayalam: വിവർത്തനം (ml) (vivaṟttanaṃ), തർജ്ജമ (ml) (taṟjjama), പരിഭാഷ (ml) (paribhāṣa)
• Maltese: traduzzjoni (mt) f
• Maori: whakamāoritanga
• Middle English: translatynge, translacioun
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: орчуулга (mn) (orčuulga)

• Moroccan Amazigh: ⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍ m (asuɣl)
• Navajo: saad náánáłahdę́ę́ʼ saad bee áńdaalneʼ
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: oversettelse (no) m

  Nynorsk: omsetjing f, omsetting f

• Old English: wending f
• Oriya: ଅନୁବାଦ (ônubadô), ତରଜମା (or) (tôrôjôma)
• Pashto: ترجمه‎ (ps) f (tarǰomá), ژباړنه‎ (ps) f (žbārǝ́na)
• Pennsylvania German: Iwwersetzing f
• Persian: ترجمه‎ (fa) (tarjome), برگردان‎ (fa) (bargardân)
• Plautdietsch: Äwasatunk f
• Polish: tłumaczenie (pl) n, przekład (pl) m inan
• Portuguese: tradução (pt) f
• Punjabi: ਉਲਥਾ (pa) m (ulathā), ਅਨੁਵਾਦ (pa) m (anuvād), ਤਰਜਮਾ (pa) m (tarjamā)
• Romanian: traducere (ro) f, translatare (ro) f
• Russian: перево́д (ru) m (perevód)
• Rusyn: перекла́д m (pereklád)
• Sanskrit: अनुवाद (sa) (anuvāda), भाषान्तरण (bhāṣāntaraṇa)
• Scottish Gaelic: eadar-theangachadh m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: пре́вод m (Ekavian), прије́вод m (Ijekavian)

  Roman: prévod (sh) m (Ekavian), prijévod (sh) m (Ijekavian)

• Sinhalese: පරිවර්තනය (pariwartanaya)
• Slovak: preklad m, prekladanie n
• Slovene: prevajanje n
• Somali: turjun
• Spanish: traducción (es) f
• Swahili: tafsiri (sw)
• Swedish: översättning (sv) c
• Tagalog: pagsasalin
• Tajik: тарҷума (tg) (tarjuma)
• Tamil: மொழிபெயர்ப்பு (ta) (moḻipeyarppu)
• Tatar: тәрҗемә (tt) (tärcemä)
• Telugu: అనువాదము (te) (anuvādamu)
• Thai: การแปล (th) (gaan-bplɛɛ)
• Tibetan: བསྒྱུར་པ (bsgyur pa)
• Tigrinya: ትርጉም (tərgum)
• Turkish: çeviri (tr), tercüme (tr)
• Turkmen: terjime
• Ukrainian: пере́клад m (peréklad)
• Urdu: ترجمہ‎ m (tarjama)
• Uyghur: تەرجىمە‎ (ug) (terjime)
• Uzbek: tarjima (uz)
• Vietnamese: sự thông dịch (vi), phiên dịch (vi)
• Volapük: tradut (vo), tradutam
• Walloon: tradujhaedje (wa) m, ratournaedje (wa) m
• Welsh: cyfieithu (cy) m
• West Frisian: oersetting c
• Yakut: тылбаас (tılbaas)
• Yiddish: איבערזעצונג‎ f (iberzetsung)

conversion of something from one form to another

• Bulgarian: прехвърляне (bg) n (prehvǎrljane)
• Czech: převedení n, překlopení n
• Finnish: muuntaminen (fi), kääntäminen (fi)
• Maori: whakaahuakētanga, whakarerekētanga

result of translating between languages

• Afrikaans: vertaling (af)
• Aghwan: 𐔸𐔰𐕙𐔲𐕒𐕡𐕌𐔰𐕎𐕒𐕡𐕎 (targumanun)
• Arabic: تَرْجَمَة‎ (ar) f (tarjama)
• Armenian: թարգմանություն (hy) (tʿargmanutʿyun)
• Asturian: traducción (ast) f
• Azerbaijani: tərcümə (az)
• Bashkir: тәржемә (tärjemä)
• Belarusian: перакла́д m (pjeraklád)
• Bengali: অনুবাদ (bn) (onubad)
• Bulgarian: пре́вод (bg) m (prévod)
• Catalan: traducció (ca) f
• Cherokee: ᎠᏁᏢᏔᏅᎯ (anetlvtanvhi), ᎠᏁᏟᏔᏅᎢ (anetlitanvi)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 翻譯／翻译 (faan¹ jik⁶)

  Dungan: фанйи (fanyi)

  Hakka: 翻譯／翻译 (fân-yi̍t)

  Mandarin: 翻譯／翻译 (zh) (fānyì), 譯文／译文 (zh) (yìwén)

  Min Dong: 翻譯／翻译 (huăng-ĭk)

  Min Nan: 翻譯／翻译 (zh-min-nan) (hoan-ia̍k, hoan-e̍k)

  Wu: 翻譯／翻译 (fe hhiq)

• Czech: překlad (cs) m
• Danish: oversættelse (da) c
• Dutch: vertaling (nl) f
• Esperanto: tradukaĵo
• Estonian: tõlge (et)
• Finnish: käännös (fi)
• French: traduction (fr) f
• Galician: tradución (gl) f
• Georgian: თარგმანი (targmani)
• German: Übersetzung (de) f
• Greek: μετάφραση (el) f (metáfrasi)

  Ancient: μετάφρασις f (metáphrasis)

• Hawaiian: unuhina
• Hebrew: תַּרְגּוּם‎ (he) m (targúm)
• Hindi: अनुवाद (hi) m (anuvād), भाषांतर (hi) m (bhāṣāntar)
• Hungarian: fordítás (hu)
• Icelandic: þýðing (is) f
• Ido: tradukuro (io)
• Indonesian: terjemahan (id)
• Interlingua: traduction
• Irish: aistriúchán (ga) m
• Italian: traduzione (it) f
• Japanese: 訳 (ja) (やく, yaku), 訳文 (ja) (やくぶん, yakubun), 翻訳 (ja) (ほんやく, hon'yaku)
• Javanese: pertalan
• Kazakh: аударма (kk) (audarma)
• Khmer: ការបកប្រែ (kaa bɑɑk prae)
• Korean: 번역(飜譯) (ko) (beonyeok), 번역문 (beonyeongmun)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: وەرگێڕ‎ (ckb) (wergêrr)

• Kyrgyz: котормо (ky) (kotormo)
• Latin: interpretātiō f
• Latvian: tulkojums m
• Luxembourgish: Iwwersetzung (lb) f
• Macedonian: превод m (prevod)
• Malay: terjemahan (ms)
• Malayalam: പരിഭാഷ (ml) (paribhāṣa)
• Maltese: traduzzjoni (mt) f
• Middle English: translacioun
• Mongolian: орчуулга (mn) (orčuulga)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: oversettelse (no) m

  Nynorsk: omsetjing f, omsetting f

• Old English: wending f
• Pennsylvania German: Iwwersetzing f
• Persian: ترجمه‎ (fa) (tarjome), برگردان‎ (fa) (bargardân)
• Plautdietsch: Äwasatunk f
• Polish: tłumaczenie (pl) n, przekład (pl) m
• Portuguese: tradução (pt) f
• Romanian: traducere (ro) f
• Russian: перево́д (ru) m (perevód)
• Sanskrit: अनुवाद (sa) n (anuvāda)
• Scottish Gaelic: eadar-theangachadh m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: пре́вод m (Ekavian), прије́вод m (Ijekavian)

  Roman: prévod (sh) m (Ekavian), prijévod (sh) m (Ijekavian)

• Sinhalese: පරිවර්තන (pariwartana)
• Slovak: preklad m
• Slovene: prevod (sl) m
• Spanish: traducción (es) f
• Swahili: tarjuma
• Swedish: översättning (sv) c, tolkning (sv)
• Tagalog: salin
• Tajik: тарҷума (tg) (tarjuma)
• Tatar: тәрҗемә (tt) (tärcemä)
• Telugu: అనువాదము (te) (anuvādamu)
• Thai: คำแปล (th) (kam-bplɛɛ)
• Turkish: çeviri (tr), tercüme (tr)
• Turkmen: terjime
• Ukrainian: перекла́д m (pereklád)
• Uyghur: تەرجىمە‎ (ug) (terjime)
• Uzbek: tarjima (uz)
• Vietnamese: bản dịch (飜譯)
• Volapük: tradutod (vo)
• Walloon: ratournaedje (wa) m, tradujhaedje (wa) m
• Welsh: cyfieithiad (cy) m
• West Frisian: oersetting c
• Yiddish: איבערזעצונג‎ f (iberzetsung)

of forces in a gearbox

• Bulgarian: превключване n (prevključvane)
• Czech: převod (cs) m
• Dutch: transmissie (nl) f, overzetting f
• Finnish: välitys (fi), välityssuhde (fi)
• French: transmission (fr) f
• German: Übersetzung (de) f (slow to fast), Untersetzung f (fast to slow)
• Hungarian: váltás (hu), (slow to fast) felváltás (hu), (fast to slow) leváltás (hu)
• Japanese: 伝達 (ja) (でんたつ, dentatsu)
• Luxembourgish: Transmissioun f
• Macedonian: пре́нос m (prénos)
• Portuguese: transmissão (pt) f
• Romanian: transmisie (ro) f
• Russian: переключе́ние (ru) n (pereključénije), перево́д (ru) m (perevód)
• Spanish: transmisión (es) f
• Swahili: fasiri (sw)

math, physics: motion without deformation or rotation

• Bulgarian: транслация f (translacija)
• Czech: translace f
• Danish: forflyttelse c
• Dutch: translatie (nl) f
• Finnish: siirto (fi), translaatio (fi)
• French: translation (fr) f
• German: Translation (de) f
• Hungarian: eltolás (hu)
• Icelandic: hliðrun f
• Indonesian: translasi (id)
• Irish: aistriú m
• Italian: traslazione (it) f
• Japanese: 平行移動 (heikōidō)
• Latin: translatio (la) f
• Luxembourgish: Translatioun f
• Macedonian: трансла́ција f (translácija)
• Maori: nekehanga
• Polish: przesunięcie (pl) n, translacja (pl) f
• Portuguese: translação (pt) f
• Romanian: translație (ro) f
• Russian: трансля́ция (ru) f (transljácija)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: трансла́ција f

  Roman: translácija f

• Slovak: posunutie n, translácia f (mathematical)
• Slovene: translacija f
• Spanish: traslación f
• Swahili: fasiri (sw)
• Swedish: förflyttning (sv) c, translation (sv) c (maths, physics)
• Vietnamese: phép tịnh tiến

genetics: process for producing proteins

• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 翻譯／翻译 (faan¹ jik⁶), 轉譯／转译 (zyun² jik⁶)

  Mandarin: 翻譯／翻译 (zh) (fānyì), 轉譯／转译 (zh) (zhuǎnyì)

  Min Nan: 翻譯／翻译 (zh-min-nan) (hoan-e̍k), 轉譯／转译 (choán-e̍k)

• Czech: translace f
• Finnish: translaatio (fi), luenta
• French: traduction (fr)
• German: Translation (de) f
• Greek: πρωτεϊνογένεση f (proteïnogénesi)
• Hungarian: transzláció
• Indonesian: translasi (id)
• Italian: traduzione (it)
• Portuguese: tradução (pt)
• Romanian: translație (ro) f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: трансла́ција f

  Roman: translácija f

• Spanish: traducción (es)
• Swedish: translation (sv) c

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Breton: ^{(please verify)} troidigezh (br) f
• Guaraní: ^{(please verify)} ñembohasa ambue ñe'ẽme
• Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} traduction
• Italian: ^{(please verify)} translazione/^{(please verify)} traslazione (it)
• Latin: ^{(please verify)} traductio (Vulgar, and New Latin), ^{(please verify)} trānslātiō (la) (New Latin)
• Slovak: ^{(please verify)} preradenie n - this Slovak word means rather to change the gears instead of translation of the forces in a gearbox
• Vietnamese: (1) ^{(please verify)} (sự) dịch (vi) , (2) ^{(please verify)} (bản, bài) dịch (vi)
• Welsh: ^{(please verify)} cyfieithiad (cy) m

See also

• interpretation

Further reading

• translation on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• translation (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• translatino

French

Etymology

From Latin trānslātiōnem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʁɑ̃.sla.sjɔ̃/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

translation f (plural translations)

1. (mathematics, physics) translation
2. (computing) thunking

Further reading

• “translation”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Swedish

Etymology

From Latin trānslātiō.

Noun

translation c

1. (mathematics, physics) translation

Declension

Declension of translation
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	translation	translationen	translationer	translationerna
Genitive	translations	translationens	translationers	translationernas