صبح
See also: ص ب ح
Arabic edit
Root |
---|
ص ب ح (ṣ-b-ḥ) |
Verb edit
صَبَحَ • (ṣabaḥa) I, non-past يَصْبَحُ (yaṣbaḥu)
- to offer a morning draught to (someone)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
صَبَحَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun صَبْح)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
صَبْح ṣabḥ | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ṣābiḥ | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maṣbūḥ | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ṣabaḥtu |
ṣabaḥta |
صَبَحَ ṣabaḥa |
ṣabaḥtumā |
ṣabaḥā |
ṣabaḥnā |
ṣabaḥtum |
ṣabaḥū | |||
f | ṣabaḥti |
ṣabaḥat |
ṣabaḥatā |
ṣabaḥtunna |
ṣabaḥna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaṣbaḥu |
taṣbaḥu |
yaṣbaḥu |
taṣbaḥāni |
yaṣbaḥāni |
naṣbaḥu |
taṣbaḥūna |
yaṣbaḥūna | |||
f | taṣbaḥīna |
taṣbaḥu |
taṣbaḥāni |
taṣbaḥna |
yaṣbaḥna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaṣbaḥa |
taṣbaḥa |
yaṣbaḥa |
taṣbaḥā |
yaṣbaḥā |
naṣbaḥa |
taṣbaḥū |
yaṣbaḥū | |||
f | taṣbaḥī |
taṣbaḥa |
taṣbaḥā |
taṣbaḥna |
yaṣbaḥna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaṣbaḥ |
taṣbaḥ |
yaṣbaḥ |
taṣbaḥā |
yaṣbaḥā |
naṣbaḥ |
taṣbaḥū |
yaṣbaḥū | |||
f | taṣbaḥī |
taṣbaḥ |
taṣbaḥā |
taṣbaḥna |
yaṣbaḥna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iṣbaḥ |
iṣbaḥā |
iṣbaḥū |
||||||||
f | iṣbaḥī |
iṣbaḥna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ṣubiḥtu |
ṣubiḥta |
صُبِحَ ṣubiḥa |
ṣubiḥtumā |
ṣubiḥā |
ṣubiḥnā |
ṣubiḥtum |
ṣubiḥū | |||
f | ṣubiḥti |
ṣubiḥat |
ṣubiḥatā |
ṣubiḥtunna |
ṣubiḥna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuṣbaḥu |
tuṣbaḥu |
yuṣbaḥu |
tuṣbaḥāni |
yuṣbaḥāni |
nuṣbaḥu |
tuṣbaḥūna |
yuṣbaḥūna | |||
f | tuṣbaḥīna |
tuṣbaḥu |
tuṣbaḥāni |
tuṣbaḥna |
yuṣbaḥna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuṣbaḥa |
tuṣbaḥa |
yuṣbaḥa |
tuṣbaḥā |
yuṣbaḥā |
nuṣbaḥa |
tuṣbaḥū |
yuṣbaḥū | |||
f | tuṣbaḥī |
tuṣbaḥa |
tuṣbaḥā |
tuṣbaḥna |
yuṣbaḥna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuṣbaḥ |
tuṣbaḥ |
yuṣbaḥ |
tuṣbaḥā |
yuṣbaḥā |
nuṣbaḥ |
tuṣbaḥū |
yuṣbaḥū | |||
f | tuṣbaḥī |
tuṣbaḥ |
tuṣbaḥā |
tuṣbaḥna |
yuṣbaḥna |
Verb edit
صَبُحَ • (ṣabuḥa) I, non-past يَصْبُحُ (yaṣbuḥu)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
صَبُحَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun صَبَاحَة)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ṣabāḥa | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ṣābiḥ | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ṣabuḥtu |
ṣabuḥta |
صَبُحَ ṣabuḥa |
ṣabuḥtumā |
ṣabuḥā |
ṣabuḥnā |
ṣabuḥtum |
ṣabuḥū | |||
f | ṣabuḥti |
ṣabuḥat |
ṣabuḥatā |
ṣabuḥtunna |
ṣabuḥna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaṣbuḥu |
taṣbuḥu |
yaṣbuḥu |
taṣbuḥāni |
yaṣbuḥāni |
naṣbuḥu |
taṣbuḥūna |
yaṣbuḥūna | |||
f | taṣbuḥīna |
taṣbuḥu |
taṣbuḥāni |
taṣbuḥna |
yaṣbuḥna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaṣbuḥa |
taṣbuḥa |
yaṣbuḥa |
taṣbuḥā |
yaṣbuḥā |
naṣbuḥa |
taṣbuḥū |
yaṣbuḥū | |||
f | taṣbuḥī |
taṣbuḥa |
taṣbuḥā |
taṣbuḥna |
yaṣbuḥna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaṣbuḥ |
taṣbuḥ |
yaṣbuḥ |
taṣbuḥā |
yaṣbuḥā |
naṣbuḥ |
taṣbuḥū |
yaṣbuḥū | |||
f | taṣbuḥī |
taṣbuḥ |
taṣbuḥā |
taṣbuḥna |
yaṣbuḥna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | uṣbuḥ |
uṣbuḥā |
uṣbuḥū |
||||||||
f | uṣbuḥī |
uṣbuḥna |
Verb edit
صَبَحَ • (ṣabaḥa) I, non-past يَصْبَحُ (yaṣbaḥu) (Classical Arabic)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
صَبِحَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns صَبَح or صُبْحَة)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
صَبَح or صُبْحَة ṣabaḥ or ṣubḥa | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ṣābiḥ | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ṣabiḥtu |
ṣabiḥta |
صَبِحَ ṣabiḥa |
ṣabiḥtumā |
ṣabiḥā |
ṣabiḥnā |
ṣabiḥtum |
ṣabiḥū | |||
f | ṣabiḥti |
ṣabiḥat |
ṣabiḥatā |
ṣabiḥtunna |
ṣabiḥna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaṣbaḥu |
taṣbaḥu |
yaṣbaḥu |
taṣbaḥāni |
yaṣbaḥāni |
naṣbaḥu |
taṣbaḥūna |
yaṣbaḥūna | |||
f | taṣbaḥīna |
taṣbaḥu |
taṣbaḥāni |
taṣbaḥna |
yaṣbaḥna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaṣbaḥa |
taṣbaḥa |
yaṣbaḥa |
taṣbaḥā |
yaṣbaḥā |
naṣbaḥa |
taṣbaḥū |
yaṣbaḥū | |||
f | taṣbaḥī |
taṣbaḥa |
taṣbaḥā |
taṣbaḥna |
yaṣbaḥna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaṣbaḥ |
taṣbaḥ |
yaṣbaḥ |
taṣbaḥā |
yaṣbaḥā |
naṣbaḥ |
taṣbaḥū |
yaṣbaḥū | |||
f | taṣbaḥī |
taṣbaḥ |
taṣbaḥā |
taṣbaḥna |
yaṣbaḥna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iṣbaḥ |
iṣbaḥā |
iṣbaḥū |
||||||||
f | iṣbaḥī |
iṣbaḥna |
Verb edit
صَبَّحَ • (ṣabbaḥa) II, non-past يُصَبِّحُ (yuṣabbiḥu)
- to offer a morning draught
- to come in the morning
- to wish a good morning
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
صَبَّحَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taṣbīḥ | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muṣabbiḥ | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muṣabbaḥ | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ṣabbaḥtu |
ṣabbaḥta |
صَبَّحَ ṣabbaḥa |
ṣabbaḥtumā |
ṣabbaḥā |
ṣabbaḥnā |
ṣabbaḥtum |
ṣabbaḥū | |||
f | ṣabbaḥti |
ṣabbaḥat |
ṣabbaḥatā |
ṣabbaḥtunna |
ṣabbaḥna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuṣabbiḥu |
tuṣabbiḥu |
yuṣabbiḥu |
tuṣabbiḥāni |
yuṣabbiḥāni |
nuṣabbiḥu |
tuṣabbiḥūna |
yuṣabbiḥūna | |||
f | tuṣabbiḥīna |
tuṣabbiḥu |
tuṣabbiḥāni |
tuṣabbiḥna |
yuṣabbiḥna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuṣabbiḥa |
tuṣabbiḥa |
yuṣabbiḥa |
tuṣabbiḥā |
yuṣabbiḥā |
nuṣabbiḥa |
tuṣabbiḥū |
yuṣabbiḥū | |||
f | tuṣabbiḥī |
tuṣabbiḥa |
tuṣabbiḥā |
tuṣabbiḥna |
yuṣabbiḥna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuṣabbiḥ |
tuṣabbiḥ |
yuṣabbiḥ |
tuṣabbiḥā |
yuṣabbiḥā |
nuṣabbiḥ |
tuṣabbiḥū |
yuṣabbiḥū | |||
f | tuṣabbiḥī |
tuṣabbiḥ |
tuṣabbiḥā |
tuṣabbiḥna |
yuṣabbiḥna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | صَبِّحْ ṣabbiḥ |
ṣabbiḥā |
ṣabbiḥū |
||||||||
f | ṣabbiḥī |
ṣabbiḥna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ṣubbiḥtu |
ṣubbiḥta |
صُبِّحَ ṣubbiḥa |
ṣubbiḥtumā |
ṣubbiḥā |
ṣubbiḥnā |
ṣubbiḥtum |
ṣubbiḥū | |||
f | ṣubbiḥti |
ṣubbiḥat |
ṣubbiḥatā |
ṣubbiḥtunna |
ṣubbiḥna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuṣabbaḥu |
tuṣabbaḥu |
yuṣabbaḥu |
tuṣabbaḥāni |
yuṣabbaḥāni |
nuṣabbaḥu |
tuṣabbaḥūna |
yuṣabbaḥūna | |||
f | tuṣabbaḥīna |
tuṣabbaḥu |
tuṣabbaḥāni |
tuṣabbaḥna |
yuṣabbaḥna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuṣabbaḥa |
tuṣabbaḥa |
yuṣabbaḥa |
tuṣabbaḥā |
yuṣabbaḥā |
nuṣabbaḥa |
tuṣabbaḥū |
yuṣabbaḥū | |||
f | tuṣabbaḥī |
tuṣabbaḥa |
tuṣabbaḥā |
tuṣabbaḥna |
yuṣabbaḥna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuṣabbaḥ |
tuṣabbaḥ |
yuṣabbaḥ |
tuṣabbaḥā |
yuṣabbaḥā |
nuṣabbaḥ |
tuṣabbaḥū |
yuṣabbaḥū | |||
f | tuṣabbaḥī |
tuṣabbaḥ |
tuṣabbaḥā |
tuṣabbaḥna |
yuṣabbaḥna |
Noun edit
صُبْح • (ṣubḥ) m (plural أَصْبَاح (ʔaṣbāḥ))
- (chiefly modern) the time from sunrise to noon, morning
- Synonym: (literary) ضَحْوَة (ḍaḥwa, “forenoon”)
- (archaic) the time from morning twilight to sunrise, dayspring
- Synonym: فَجْر (fajr, “dawn”)
Declension edit
Declension of noun صُبْح (ṣubḥ)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | صُبْح ṣubḥ |
الصُّبْح aṣ-ṣubḥ |
صُبْح ṣubḥ |
Nominative | صُبْحٌ ṣubḥun |
الصُّبْحُ aṣ-ṣubḥu |
صُبْحُ ṣubḥu |
Accusative | صُبْحًا ṣubḥan |
الصُّبْحَ aṣ-ṣubḥa |
صُبْحَ ṣubḥa |
Genitive | صُبْحٍ ṣubḥin |
الصُّبْحِ aṣ-ṣubḥi |
صُبْحِ ṣubḥi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | صُبْحَيْن ṣubḥayn |
الصُّبْحَيْن aṣ-ṣubḥayn |
صُبْحَيْ ṣubḥay |
Nominative | صُبْحَانِ ṣubḥāni |
الصُّبْحَانِ aṣ-ṣubḥāni |
صُبْحَا ṣubḥā |
Accusative | صُبْحَيْنِ ṣubḥayni |
الصُّبْحَيْنِ aṣ-ṣubḥayni |
صُبْحَيْ ṣubḥay |
Genitive | صُبْحَيْنِ ṣubḥayni |
الصُّبْحَيْنِ aṣ-ṣubḥayni |
صُبْحَيْ ṣubḥay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَصْبَاح ʔaṣbāḥ |
الْأَصْبَاح al-ʔaṣbāḥ |
أَصْبَاح ʔaṣbāḥ |
Nominative | أَصْبَاحٌ ʔaṣbāḥun |
الْأَصْبَاحُ al-ʔaṣbāḥu |
أَصْبَاحُ ʔaṣbāḥu |
Accusative | أَصْبَاحًا ʔaṣbāḥan |
الْأَصْبَاحَ al-ʔaṣbāḥa |
أَصْبَاحَ ʔaṣbāḥa |
Genitive | أَصْبَاحٍ ʔaṣbāḥin |
الْأَصْبَاحِ al-ʔaṣbāḥi |
أَصْبَاحِ ʔaṣbāḥi |
Descendants edit
- Maltese: sebħ
- → Azerbaijani: sübh
- → Baluchi: صهب (sauhb)
- → Hausa: asubahi / asuba
- → Malay: subuh
- → Maranao: sobo
- → Ottoman Turkish: صبح (subh)
- → Persian: صبح (sobh)
- → Swahili: asubuhi
- → Tajik: субҳ (subh)
- → Tausug: subu
- → Uzbek: subh
- → Wolof: suba
Noun edit
صَبْح • (ṣabḥ) m
- verbal noun of صَبَحَ (ṣabaḥa) (form I)
Declension edit
Declension of noun صَبْح (ṣabḥ)
References edit
- Freytag, Georg (1833) “صبح”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 475–476
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “صبح”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 1303–1304
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “صبح”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “صبح”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 692–693
Gujarati edit
Etymology edit
From Classical Persian صبح (subh), from Arabic صُبْح (ṣubḥ).
Noun edit
صبح • (subah) f (Standard Gujarati સુબહ) (Lisan ud-Dawat)
Persian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Arabic صُبْح (ṣubḥ).
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [suβh]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [sobʰ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [subʰ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | suḇh |
Dari reading? | subh |
Iranian reading? | sobh |
Tajik reading? | subh |
Noun edit
Dari | صبح |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | субҳ |
صبح • (sobh)
Usage notes edit
- In standard Dari and Iranian Persian صباح and صبح are synonymous. However, in many spoken dialects, they are not, with صباح being used to mean "tomorrow". Especially in eastern dialects, such as Dari and some regional dialects in eastern Iran.
Derived terms edit
- صبحانه (sobhâne)
Descendants edit
South Levantine Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
صبح • (ṣubḥ) m
See also edit
Urdu edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Classical Persian صبح (subh), from Arabic صُبْح (ṣubḥ).
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /sʊb.ɦ/, /sʊ.bəɦ/, /sʊ.buːɦ/
- (common) IPA(key): [sʊ.bʱɑː], [sʊ.bʱoː], [sʊ.bʱeː]
Noun edit
صُبْح • (subh) f (Hindi spelling सुबह)
- morning
- Antonym: شام (śām)
- dawn
- Synonym: سَویرا (saverā)
- (figuratively, Islam) fajr – salat (the dawn prayer).
Declension edit
Declension of صبح | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | صبح (subh) | صبحیں (subhẽ) |
oblique | صبح (subh) | صبحوں (subhõ) |
vocative | صبح (subh) | صبحو (subho) |
Adverb edit
صبح • (subah) (Hindi spelling सुबह)
- in the morning
Further reading edit
- “صبح”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “صبح”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “صبح”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.