لاجورد
Chagatai edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
لاجورد (transliteration needed)
Descendants edit
References edit
Ottoman Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Persian لاجورد (lâjvard, “lapis lazuli”).
Noun edit
لاجورد • (lâcverd, laciverd)
- lapis lazuli, a deep-blue stone, used in making jewelry
- azure, the blue colour of the sky on a clear day
- azure:
Derived terms edit
- لاجوردی (lâcverdi, laciverdi, “of the color of lapis lazuli”)
Descendants edit
- Turkish: lacivert
- → Armenian: լաճիվէրտ (lačivērt) — Constantinople
Further reading edit
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “lacivert”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2922
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “لاجورد”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français[2], Vienna: F. Beck, page 409a
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “لاجورد”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1071
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Cyanus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[4], Vienna, column 318
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “لاجورد”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[5], Vienna, column 4127
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “lacivert”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “لاجورد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1619
Pashto edit
Noun edit
لاجورد • (transliteration needed) ?
Further reading edit
Persian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Usually said to be from the place name Lāžvard in Badakhshan where the stone was mined.
The first component, لاژ, is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“green”) and cognate to Old Irish glas.
But according to Bailey, the second component goes back to Proto-Iranian *varta- (“stone”) and is cognate with Wakhi wurt (“stone”), Northern Kurdish ber (“stone”), Central Kurdish بەرد (berd, “stone”), Northern Luri بٱرد (bard, “stone”), Khotanese [script needed] (ūḍāra-, “crystal”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to press together”), for which Pokorny cites Ancient Greek εἴλω (eílō, “to roll up, pack close”), Latin vulgus (“the public; a crowd”), and Proto-Slavic *vȃlъ (“roll; wave; barrage, heap”) as cognates.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [lɑːd͡ʒ.ˈwaɾð], [lɑː.d͡ʒa.ˈwaɾð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [lɒːd͡ʒ.vǽɹd̪̥], [lɒː.d͡ʒe.vǽɹd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [lɔd͡ʒ.vǽɹd̪], [lɔ.d͡ʒä.vǽɹd̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | lājward, lājaward |
Dari reading? | lājward, lājaward |
Iranian reading? | lâjvard, lâjevard |
Tajik reading? | lojvard, lojavard |
Noun edit
لاجورد • (lâjvard, lâjavard)
- (mineralogy) lapis lazuli
- 982, Hudūd al-'Ālam
- و اندر بدخشان معدن سیم است و زر و بیجاده و لاجورد.
- va andar badaxšân ma'dan-i sêm ast u zar u bîjâda u lâjavard.
- and in Badakhshan there are mines of silver, gold, ruby, and lapis lazuli.
- 982, Hudūd al-'Ālam
- azure, lapis lazuli (color)
- Synonym: لاجوردی (lâjvardi)
Derived terms edit
- لاجوردی (lâjvardi)
Descendants edit
- Tajik: ложвард (ložvard), лоҷвард (lojvard), лоҷувард (lojuvard)
- → Arabic: لازورد (lāzaward), لاجورد (lājward)
- → Byzantine Greek: λαζούριον (lazoúrion), λαζούριν (lazoúrin)
- → Medieval Latin: lazulum, lapis lazuli, lazurius, lazurium, lazur, azzurum, azura, azolum
- → Azerbaijani: lacivərd
- → Chagatai: لاجورد
- → Classical Syriac: ܠܐܙܘܪܕ (lāʾzward), ܠܙܘܪܕ (lāzward)
- → English: lajvard
- → Georgian: ლაჟვარდი (lažvardi), ლაჟვარდოვანი (lažvardovani)
- → Gujarati: લાજવર્દ (lājvard)
- → Hindustani:
- → Kurdish:
- → Middle Armenian: լազուարթ (lazuartʻ), լազվարդ (lazvard), լազուվարդ (lazuvard), լազուարդ (lazuard), լազուար (lazuar), լաժուարդ (lažuard), լաժուրդ (lažurd), լաջուարդ (laǰuard), լաջվարդ (laǰvard), լաճվարդ (lačvard), լաճվարտ (lačvart), լաճիվարդ (lačivard), լաճուարտ (lačuart),
- Armenian: լաջվարդ (laǰvard)
- → Ottoman Turkish: لاجورد (lâceverd), لاژورد (lâjverd)
- Turkish: lacivert
- → Punjabi:
- → Sanskrit: राजावर्त (rājāvarta), लाजवर्त (lājavarta), राजपट्ट (rājapaṭṭa)
- → Sogdian: [script needed] (rʾcβrt /rājβart/), [script needed] (rʾzβrt /rājwart/, “Rajwart (name of the king of elephants)”)
- → Sindhi: لاجَوَرْدُ
References edit
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “լազուարթ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 256–257
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) “³u̯el-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1138
- Bailey, H. W. (1979) “ūḍāra-”, in Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 36b
- Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 1311, page 104b
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 51
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][8] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 427
Punjabi edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
لاجْوَرْد • (lājvard) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਲਾਜਵਰਦ)
- (mineralogy) lapis lazuli
- azure (color)
Related terms edit
- لاجْوَرْدِی (lājvardī)
Sindhi edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
لاجَوَرْدُ • (transliteration needed) ?
- (mineralogy) lapis lazuli
- azure (color)
Further reading edit
- Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “لاجَوَرْدُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
- “لاجورد”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866-1938
Urdu edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /lɑːd͡ʒ.ʋəɾd̪/
Noun edit
لاجْوَرْد • (lājvard) m (Hindi spelling लाजवर्द)
- (mineralogy) lapis lazuli
- azure (color)
Related terms edit
- لاجوردی (lājvardī)
Further reading edit
- “لاجورد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.