Translingual
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Etymology 1
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For pronunciation and definitions of 伓 – see 伾 (“mighty”).
(This character, 伓, is a variant form of 伾.)
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Etymology 2
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For pronunciation and definitions of 伓 – see 不 (“no, not”).
(This character, 伓, is a variant form of 不.)
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Etymology 3
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For pronunciation and definitions of 伓 – see 背 (“back; behind; betray”).
(This character, 伓, is a variant form of 背.)
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Etymology 4
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Pronunciation
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Definitions
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伓
- (Min) not
- 伓講／伓讲 [Min Dong] ― n̂g-gōng / [(ŋ̍-)ŋ̍²⁴²⁻⁵³ (k-)ŋouŋ³³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA] ― not speak; not say; needless to say
- 伓成 [Min Dong] ― n̂g-siàng / [(ŋ̍-)n̩²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ (s-)niaŋ⁵³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA] ― inappropriate; unwilling
- 伓捌 [Min Dong] ― n̂g-báik / [(ŋ̍-)m̩²⁴²⁻⁵³ (p-)maiʔ²⁴] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA] ― not know
- 去伓去？ [Min Dong] ― kó̤-n̂g-kó̤ / [kʰo²¹³⁻²¹ (ŋ̍-)ŋ̍²⁴²⁻⁵³ (kʰ-)ŋɔ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA] ― Do you want to go?
Usage notes
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- In Min Dong, this particle changes its pronunciation depending on the initial of the following syllable: n̂g (velar and null initials); m̂ (labial initials); n̂ (dental initials). Orthographically, all the complementary pronunciations are written as ‹n̂g› (or ‹ng› in Maclay (1929)).
- In addition to this, all three forms have an emphatic form: îng.
- This particle is not used alone; its tone is inferred from tone sandhi patterns.
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of
不 (“not”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
|---|
| Classical Chinese
|
不, 弗, 毋, 勿, 莫, 否, 未
|
|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
不
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|---|
| Mandarin
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Beijing
|
不
|
|---|
| Taiwan
|
不
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| Tianjin
|
不
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| Chengde
|
不
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| Tangshan
|
不
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| Cangzhou
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不
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| Baoding
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不
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| Shijiazhuang
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不
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| Chifeng
|
不
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| Hulunbuir (Hailar)
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不
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| Heihe
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不
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| Qiqihar
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不
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| Harbin
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不
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| Jiamusi
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不
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| Baicheng
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不
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| Changchun
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不
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| Tonghua
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不
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| Shenyang
|
不
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| Dandong
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不
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| Jinzhou
|
不
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| Dalian
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不
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| Yantai
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不
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| Yantai (Muping)
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不
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| Qingdao
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不
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| Lijin
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不
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| Zhucheng
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不
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| Jinan
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不
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| Luoyang
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不
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| Wanrong
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不
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| Shangqiu
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不
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| Yuanyang
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不
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| Zhengzhou
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不
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| Lingbao
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不
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| Xinyang
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不
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| Baihe
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不
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| Xi'an
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不
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| Baoji
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不
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| Yinchuan
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不
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| Tianshui
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不
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| Lanzhou
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不
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| Dunhuang
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不
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| Xining
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不
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| Hami
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不
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| Ürümqi
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不
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| Wuhan
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不
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| Yichang
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不
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| Xiangyang
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不
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| Tianmen
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不
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| Hong'an
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不
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| Chengdu
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不
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| Nanchong
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不
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| Dazhou
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不
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| Hanyuan
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不
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| Xichang
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不
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| Zigong
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不
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| Chongqing
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不
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| Guiyang
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不
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| Zunyi
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不
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| Bijie
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不
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| Zhaotong
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不
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| Dali
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不
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| Kunming
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不
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| Mengzi
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不
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| Guilin
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不
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| Liuzhou
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沒, 不
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| Changde
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不
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| Anqing
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不
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| Xuzhou
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不
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| Fuyang
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不
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| Wuhu
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不
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| Yangzhou
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不
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| Lianyungang
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不
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| Lianshui
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不
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| Nanjing
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不
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| Hefei
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不
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| Nantong
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不
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| Malaysia
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不
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| Singapore
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不
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| Cantonese
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Guangzhou
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唔
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|---|
| Hong Kong
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唔
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| Macau
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唔
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| Taishan
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唔
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| Dongguan
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唔
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| Yangjiang
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無
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| Hepu (Lianzhou)
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冇
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| Hepu (Shatian)
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冇
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| Beihai
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冇
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| Beihai (Nankang)
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冇
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| Beihai (Yingpan)
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冇
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| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
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冇
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| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
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冇
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| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
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冇
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| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
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唔
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| Singapore (Guangfu)
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唔
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| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
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唔
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| Móng Cái
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冇
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| Gan
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Nanchang
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不
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|---|
| Lichuan
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不
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| Pingxiang
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毋
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| Jianning
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唔
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| Hakka
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Meixian
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唔
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|---|
| Xingning
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唔
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| Huidong (Daling)
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唔
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| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
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唔
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| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
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唔
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| Changting
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唔
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| Shanghang
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唔
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| Wuping
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唔
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| Wuping (Pingyu)
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唔
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| Liancheng
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唔
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| Ninghua
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唔, 不
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| Qingliu
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唔
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| Yudu
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唔
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| Ruijin
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唔
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| Shicheng
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唔
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| Shangyou (Shexi)
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唔
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| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
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毋
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| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
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毋
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| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
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毋
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| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
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毋
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| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
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毋
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| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
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毋
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| Huizhou
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Jixi
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不
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|---|
| Shexian
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不
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| Jin
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Taiyuan
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不
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|---|
| Yangyuan
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不
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| Datong
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不
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| Xinzhou
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不
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| Lishi
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不
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| Linfen
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不
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| Changzhi
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不
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| Linhe
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不
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| Jining
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不
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| Hohhot
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不
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| Erenhot
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不
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| Pingshan
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不
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| Zhangjiakou
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不
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| Handan
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不
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| Linzhou
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不
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| Suide
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不
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| Min Bei
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Jian'ou
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伓, 𣍐
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|---|
| Songxi
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唔, 𣍐
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| Zhenghe
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唔, 𣍐
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| Pucheng (Shibei)
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伓, 𣍐
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| Min Dong
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Fuzhou
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伓, 𣍐
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|---|
| Changle
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伓, 𣍐
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| Lianjiang
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伓, 𣍐
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| Fuqing
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伓, 𣍐
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| Pingtan
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伓, 𣍐
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| Yongtai
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伓, 𣍐
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| Minqing
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伓, 𣍐
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| Gutian
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伓, 𣍐
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| Pingnan
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伓, 𣍐
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| Luoyuan
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伓, 𣍐
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| Fu'an
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伓, 𣍐
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| Ningde
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伓, 𣍐
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| Xiapu
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伓, 𣍐
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| Zherong
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伓, 𣍐
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| Shouning
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伓, 𣍐
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| Zhouning
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伓, 𣍐
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| Fuding
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伓, 𣍐
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| Matsu
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伓, 𣍐
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| Min Nan
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Xiamen
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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|---|
| Xiamen (Tong'an)
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Quanzhou
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Jinjiang
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Nan'an
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Shishi
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Hui'an
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Anxi
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Yongchun
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Dehua
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Zhangzhou
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Zhangzhou (Longhai)
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Zhangzhou (Changtai)
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Hua'an
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Nanjing
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Pinghe
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Zhangpu
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Yunxiao
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Zhao'an
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Dongshan
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Taipei
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Kaohsiung
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Tainan
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Kinmen
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Penang (Hokkien)
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Singapore (Hokkien)
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Manila (Hokkien)
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毋, 𣍐, 無
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| Datian
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毋, 𣍐
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| Chaozhou
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唔, 𣍐, 無
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| Shantou
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唔, 𣍐, 無
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| Jieyang
|
唔
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| Haifeng
|
唔
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| Singapore (Teochew)
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唔, 𣍐, 無
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| Batam (Teochew)
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唔, 𣍐, 無
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| Pontianak (Teochew)
|
唔
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| Leizhou
|
伓
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| Wenchang
|
無
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| Haikou
|
無
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| Singapore (Hainanese)
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無
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| Puxian Min
|
Putian
|
伓, 𣍐
|
|---|
| Xianyou
|
伓, 𣍐
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| Min Zhong
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Yong'an
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伓, 𣍐
|
|---|
| Shaxian
|
伓, 𣍐
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| Shaojiang Min
|
Shaowu
|
冒, 唔
|
|---|
| Guangze
|
唔
|
| Jiangle
|
唔
|
| Mingxi
|
唔
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| Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
冇
|
|---|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
勿
|
|---|
| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
弗, 勿
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| Suzhou
|
弗
|
| Wuxi
|
弗
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| Danyang
|
弗
|
| Hangzhou
|
不
|
| Ningbo
|
勿, 嘸沒
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| Wenzhou
|
不
|
| Lishui
|
弗
|
| Qingyuan
|
否
|
| Jinhua
|
弗
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
不, 唔
|
|---|
| Loudi
|
不
|
| Shuangfeng
|
不
|
Compounds
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Japanese
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