僉

See also: 㑒 and 佥

僉 U+50C9, 僉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-50C9 ← 僈 [U+50C8] CJK Unified Ideographs 僊 → [U+50CA]

Translingual

Traditional	僉
Shinjitai (extended)	㑒
Simplified	佥

Han character

僉 (radical 9, 人+11, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人一口人 (OMRO), four-corner 8088₆, composition ⿳亼吅从)

Derived characters

• 檢, 險, 儉, 劍, 臉, 簽, 驗, 䩎, 𠑲

References

• KangXi: page 115, character 27
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1054
• Dae Jaweon: page 246, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 207, character 3
• Unihan data for U+50C9

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Chinese

trad.		僉
simp.		佥*
variant forms		𠑲

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 僉
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Bronze inscriptions b08004 b08005 b08006 Small seal script s03765 Transcribed ancient scripts L33937 L33938 L12950
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (僉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
厱	*raːm, *kʰreːm, *kʰlam
歛	*qʰlaːm
臉	*ɡ·reːmʔ, *skʰlam, *kramʔ
醶	*ɡr·reːmʔ, *skʰraːmʔ
鹼	*kreːmʔ, *skʰlam
薟	*ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰram
匳	*ɡ·ram
獫	*ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams, *qʰramʔ
蘞	*ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰlam
籢	*ɡ·ram
斂	*ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams
瀲	*ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams
撿	*ɡ·ramʔ, *kramʔ
羷	*ɡ·ramʔ
殮	*ɡ·rams
簽	*skʰlam
僉	*skʰlam
憸	*skʰlam, *skʰlamʔ, *sqʰlam, *qʰramʔ
譣	*skʰlam, *qʰramʔ
檢	*kramʔ
瞼	*kramʔ
儉	*ɡramʔ
顩	*ŋramʔ, *rlɯmʔ, *kʰrɯmʔ
嬐	*ŋramʔ
嶮	*ŋramʔ, *hŋramʔ
噞	*ŋramʔ, *ŋrams
驗	*ŋrams
險	*qʰramʔ
劒	*kams
劍	*kams
𩏩	*qʰam

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 亼 + 吅 + 从.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiān (qian¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cim¹
• Min Nan (POJ): chhiam

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: qiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ
    • Wade–Giles: ch'ien¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chian
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cian
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: cim¹
    • Yale: chīm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsim¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: qim¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːm⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiam
    • Tâi-lô: tshiam
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiafm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiam³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiam⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡sʰiᴇm/▼

Rime
Character	僉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	鹽 (153)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	七廉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰiᴇm/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰiɛm/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰjæm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰiam/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰiɛm/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰĭɛm/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰi̯ɛm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.qʰ[a]m/

  (Zhengzhang): /*skʰlam/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	僉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiān
Middle Chinese	‹ tshjem ›
Old Chinese	/*s.qʰ[a]m/ (dialect: *s.qʰ > MC tsh-)
English	all; many
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	僉
Reading #	1/1
No.	10202
Phonetic component	僉
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	籤
Old Chinese	/*skʰlam/

Definitions

僉

1. ^† all; together; unanimous

Compounds

• 僉事／佥事
• 僉同／佥同
• 僉押／佥押

• 僉望／佥望
• 僉謀／佥谋

• 僉議／佥议
• 打僉／打佥

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Japanese

Kanji

僉

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: せん (sen)
• Kan-on: せん (sen)
• Kun: みな (mina); ことごとく (kotogotoku); ともに (tomoni)

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Korean

Hanja

僉 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)

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Vietnamese

Han character

僉: Hán Nôm readings: thiêm

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References

• Nom Foundation