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Wiktionary

岩

See also: 巖, 礹, 巗, 碞, 嵒, and 嵓
岩 U+5CA9, 岩
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5CA9
← 岨
[U+5CA8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 岪 →
[U+5CAA]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

岩 (radical 46, 山+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 山一口 (UMR), four-corner 22601, composition ⿱山石)

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 309, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7985
  • Dae Jaweon: page 609, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 766, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5CA9

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 岩
variant forms 巖
巗
嵒
嵓

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 岩
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 山 (“hill”) + 石 (“rock”).

Originally written as 巖 – phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋraːm): semantic 山 (“hill”) + phonetic 嚴 (OC *ŋam). The variant form 岩 first appeared in the clerical script in Han dynasty.

EtymologyEdit

Cognate with 嚴 (OC *ŋam, “majestic; stern; grave”) and 儼 (OC *ŋamʔ, “dignified; majestic”). See 嚴 for more.

癌 (ái, “cancer”) is a derivative of 岩.

PronunciationEdit

Rime
Character 岩
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 銜 (149)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 五銜切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ŋˠam/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ŋᵚam/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ŋam/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ŋaɨm/
Li
Rong 		/ŋam/
Wang
Li 		/ŋam/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ŋam/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yán
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 岩
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yán
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ngæm ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ŋ]ˁr[a]m/ (< uvular?)
English rocky, lofty

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 岩
Reading # 1/1
No. 3684
Phonetic
component 		敢
Rime
group 		談
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		巖
Old
Chinese 		/*ŋraːm/

DefinitionsEdit

岩

  1. cliff
  2. rock, stone
  3. mountain peak
  4. cave
  5. † tall

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 岩

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

岩

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
岩
いわ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

/ipa/ → /ifa/ → /iwa/

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū finished some time after 759 CE.[1]

PronunciationEdit

Alternative formsEdit

NounEdit

岩 (hiragana いわ, rōmaji iwa, historical hiragana いは)

  1. rock
    • 1999 July 22, “岩がん窟くつ魔ま人じんオーガ・ロック [Cave Jinn Ogre Rock]”, in Vol.4, Konami:
      体 (からだ)が岩 (いわ)のため守 (しゅ)備 (び)は高 (たか)い。太 (ふと)い腕 (うで)のひと振 (ふ)りに注 (ちゅう)意 (い)。
      Karada ga iwa no tame shubi wa takai. Futoi ude no hitofuri ni chūi.
      Its defense is strong thanks to its rock body. Watch out for a swing of its massive arms.
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
岩
がん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 岩 (MC ŋˠam).

PronunciationEdit

AffixEdit

岩 (hiragana がん, rōmaji gan)

  1. rock

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 15, poem 3590), text here
  2. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  4. ^ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

岩 • (am) (hangeul 암)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

岩 (nham, nhàm, nhem)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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