形容詞
See also: 形容词
Chinese edit
word; phrase; classical Chinese poem | |||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (形容詞) | 形容 | 詞 | |
simp. (形容词) | 形容 | 词 |
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
形容詞
Derived terms edit
Japanese edit
Kanji in this term | ||
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形 | 容 | 詞 |
けい Grade: 2 |
よう Grade: 5 |
し Grade: 6 |
kan’on |
Etymology edit
From 形容 (keiyō, “description; form”) + 詞 (-shi, “word; part of speech”).[1][2][3][4]
First cited to 1870.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- [from 1870] (grammar) an -i adjective: specific to Japanese grammar, an adjective with an attributive form that ends in い (-i)
- [after 1870] (grammar) (more generally, such as in another language) an adjective
Usage notes edit
In Japanese grammar, 形容詞 is a specific class of 用言 (yōgen, “inflectable words”), with a specific inflection. Historically, they include words whose 終止形 (shūshikei, “final form”) ends with し and whose 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) ends with き. In standard modern Japanese, they only include words whose both forms end with い (hence the alternate name "-i adjective"). Other endings occur in dialects. These contrast with other classes of words with adjectival functions, such as 形容動詞 (keiyō dōshi, “-na adjectives”, literally “adjectival verbs”), 連体詞 (rentaishi, “adnominals”), and attributive nouns.
See also edit
- ク活用 (ku katsuyō, “-ku conjugation”)
- シク活用 (ku katsuyō, “-shiku conjugation”)
- 第一形容詞 (daiichi keiyōshi, “-ku conjugation adjectives”)
- 第二形容詞 (daini keiyōshi, “-shiku conjugation adjectives”)
- 補助形容詞 (hojo keiyōshi, “auxiliary adjective”)
- Category:Japanese い-i adjectives
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “形容詞”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ “形容詞”, in デジタル大辞泉[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean edit
Hanja in this term | ||
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形 | 容 | 詞 |
Noun edit
Vietnamese edit
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | ||
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形 | 容 | 詞 |
Noun edit
形容詞
- chữ Hán form of hình dung từ (“adjective”).