撨

Translingual edit

Han character edit

撨 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 手人土火 (QOGF), composition ⿰扌焦)

Derived characters edit

𮒝

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 456, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12736
Dae Jaweon: page 805, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1960, character 6
Unihan data for U+64A8

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (焦) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
癄	*ʔsrews
焦	*ʔsew
蕉	*ʔsew
鷦	*ʔsew
僬	ʔsew, ʔsews, *zew
噍	ʔsew, zews
膲	*ʔsew
鐎	ʔsew, zew
蟭	*ʔsew
燋	ʔsew, ʔsewɢ
醮	*ʔsews
潐	*ʔsews
趭	ʔsews, zews, *lews
樵	*zew
譙	*zew
憔	*zew
劁	zew, zews
顦	*zew
嶕	*zew
撨	zew, seːw
穛	*ʔsreːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zew, *seːw) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 焦 (OC *ʔsew).

Etymology 1 edit

simp. and trad.		撨

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiāo (xiao¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ
Cantonese (Jyutping): siu¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siao
  - Wade–Giles: hsiao¹
  - Yale: syāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
  - Palladius: сяо (sjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: siu¹
  - Yale: sīu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: siu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: xiu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːu̯⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: sew, dzjew

Rime
Character	撨	撨
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	蕭 (93)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	蘇彫切	昨焦切
Baxter	sew	dzjew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/seu/	/d͡ziᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/seu/	/d͡ziɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/seu/	/d͡zjæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛw/	/d͡ziaw/
Li Rong	/seu/	/d͡ziɛu/
Wang Li	/sieu/	/d͡zĭɛu/
Bernard Karlgren	/sieu/	/d͡zʱi̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāo	qiáo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	siu¹	ciu⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*seːw/, /*zew/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	撨	撨
Reading #	2/2	1/2
No.	6367	6362
Phonetic component	焦	焦
Rime group	宵	宵
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	蕭	樵
Old Chinese	/*seːw/	/*zew/

Definitions edit

撨

^‡ to select

Etymology 2 edit

simp. and trad.		撨

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiāo, xiào (xiao¹, xiao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ, ㄒㄧㄠˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siao
  - Wade–Giles: hsiao¹
  - Yale: syāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
  - Palladius: сяо (sjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiào
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siào
  - Wade–Giles: hsiao⁴
  - Yale: syàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiaw
  - Palladius: сяо (sjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Definitions edit

撨

^‡ to wipe

Etymology 3 edit

simp. and trad.		撨

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sōu (sou¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄡ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sou
  - Wade–Giles: sou¹
  - Yale: sōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sou
  - Palladius: соу (sou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /soʊ̯⁵⁵/

Definitions edit

撨

^‡ to push

Etymology 4 edit

simp. and trad.		撨
alternative forms		喬／乔移超 Hokkien 僑／侨 Hokkien 橋／桥 Hokkien 喬／乔移超 Hokkien 僑／侨 Hokkien 橋／桥 Hokkien 撟／挢 Hokkien 蹺／跷 Hokkien 瞧 Hokkien 摷 Teochew

Probably a causative aspiration of 齊／齐 (chiâu, châu, “uniform; regular”) (Ong, 2023).

Alternatively, it may be from 調 (OC *dɯːw, “harmonious; to adjust”).

Pronunciation edit

Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhiâu / chhâu

(Teochew, Peng'im): cao⁵

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): qiao⁵

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiâu
  - Tâi-lô: tshiâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiaau
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiau²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiau¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Tainan, Yilan, Singapore): /t͡sʰiau²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhâu
  - Tâi-lô: tshâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhaau
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang, Kinmen, Philippines): /t͡sʰau²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cao⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshâu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰau⁵⁵/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: qiao⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰiau²²/

Definitions edit

撨

(Hokkien, Teochew, Leizhou Min) to adjust; to move (i.e. furniture or heavy objects)
(Hokkien) to move (a sprained bone, etc.) back to its original position
(Hokkien) to negotiate; to discuss; to adjust one's opinion to reach consensus
(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to transfer; to give

Compounds edit

References edit

(Cantonese) Jyutping Database (粵拼資料庫)
“Entry #11132”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
劉建仁 (2011 January 15) “喬（ts‘iauˊ）──協調”, in 台灣話的語源與理據 (in Chinese), retrieved 2020-05-12

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

撨

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}; じょう (jō)^{←ぜう (zeu, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}