政府

Chinese

		political; politics; government	prefecture; mansion
simp. and trad. (政府)		政	府
alternative forms		ZF Mainland; Internet slang; euphemistic 正苦 Hong Kong; sarcastic

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhèngfǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җынфу (žɨnfu, III-I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zing³ fu²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): zen¹ fu²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳn-fú

(Hailu, HRS): zhin^ˇ fu^ˊ

(Meixian, Guangdong): zen⁴ fu³
Eastern Min (BUC): céng-hū
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chèng-hú

(Teochew, Peng'im): zêng³ hu²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsen-fu₅

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhèngfǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhèngfǔ
  - Wade–Giles: chêng⁴-fu³
  - Yale: jèng-fǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenqfuu
  - Palladius: чжэнфу (čžɛnfu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җынфу (žɨnfu, III-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁴⁴ fou²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zing³ fu²
  - Yale: jing fú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzing³ fu²
  - Guangdong Romanization: jing³ fu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪŋ³³ fuː³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: zen¹ fu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sen³³ fu⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳn-fú
  - Hakka Romanization System: ziin fu^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zin⁴ fu³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn⁵⁵ fu³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zhin^ˇ fu^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃin¹¹ fu²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zen⁴ fu³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sən⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: céng-hū
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ^(h-)ŋu³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-hú
  - Tâi-lô: tsìng-hú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zeanghuo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hu⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hu⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hu⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ hu⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ hu⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zêng³ hu²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsèng hú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hu⁵²⁻²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsen-fu₅
  - MiniDict: tsen^去 fu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsen-fu₂
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən³³ fu⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsyengH pjuX

Rime
Character	政	府
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	之盛切	方矩切
Baxter	tsyengH	pjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇŋ^H/	/pɨo^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛŋ^H/	/pio^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiæŋ^H/	/pio^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciajŋ^H/	/puə̆^X/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɛŋ^H/	/pio^X/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭɛŋ^H/	/pĭu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ɛŋ^H/	/pi̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhèng	fǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zing³	fu²

Noun

政府

government
政府債券／政府债券 ― zhèngfǔ zhàiquàn ― government bond

政府意志 ― zhèngfǔ yìzhì ― government will

政府關門／政府关门 ― zhèngfǔ guānmén ― government shutdown

政府部門／政府部门 ― zhèngfǔ bùmén ― branch of government

新當選的政府／新当选的政府 ― xīn dāngxuǎn de zhèngfǔ ― newly-elected government

減少政府過度監管 [MSC, trad.]
减少政府过度监管 [MSC, simp.]
jiǎnshǎo zhèngfǔ guòdù jiānguǎn [Pinyin]
to reduce excessive government regulations

英國政府憑什麼要干涉？ [MSC, trad.]
英国政府凭什么要干涉？ [MSC, simp.]
Yīngguó zhèngfǔ píng shénme yào gānshè? [Pinyin]
On what authority can the British government interfere?

政府挺忌諱這個的。 [MSC, trad.]
政府挺忌讳这个的。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhèngfǔ tǐng jìhuì zhège de. [Pinyin]
The government considers this a taboo topic.

中國政府在1970年代開始推行計劃生育。 [MSC, trad.]
中国政府在1970年代开始推行计划生育。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhōngguó zhèngfǔ zài 1970 niándài kāishǐ tuīxíng jìhuàshēngyù. [Pinyin]
In the 1970s, the Chinese government started to enact the One-Child Policy.

Synonyms

edit

公班衙 (Malaysian Hokkien)
官方 (guānfāng)
阿公 (Singapore Hokkien, slang)

Adjective

政府

(attributive) government; governmental

Derived terms

中央政府 (zhōngyāng zhèngfǔ)
地方政府 (dìfāng zhèngfǔ)
市政府 (shìzhèngfǔ)
政企 (zhèngqǐ)
政府採購／政府采购
政府軍／政府军 (zhèngfǔjūn)
政府開支／政府开支 (zhèngfǔ kāizhī)
政府首腦／政府首脑 (zhèngfǔ shǒunǎo)
流亡政府 (liúwáng zhèngfǔ)
無政府／无政府 (wúzhèngfǔ)
縣政府／县政府 (xiànzhèngfǔ)
聯邦政府／联邦政府 (liánbāng zhèngfǔ)
非政府 (fēizhèngfǔ)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (政府):

→ Japanese: 政府(せいふ) (seifu)
→ Korean: 정부(政府) (jeongbu)
→ Vietnamese: chính phủ (政府)

Others:

→ Sakizaya: cenhu
→ Zhuang: cwngfuj

Japanese

Kanji in this term
政	府
せい Grade: 5	ふ Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) せーふ [séꜜèfù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [se̞ːɸɯ̟]

Noun

政(せい)府(ふ) • (seifu)

Usage notes

In Japanese, seifu especially with demonstratives, refers to the current administration, the prime minister and the cabinet ministers. It could also refer to the permanent ruling bodies, without specifiers.

Derived terms

References

^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō

Korean

Hanja in this term
政	府

Noun

政府 • (jeongbu) (hangeul 정부)

hanja form^? of 정부 (“government”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
政	府

Noun

政府

chữ Hán form of chính phủ (“government”).

[SMK2-1] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō

[1]