U+65B0, 新
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65B0

[U+65AF]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+65B1]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean

Alternative formsEdit

  • In mainland China, the bottom left component is written , giving .
  • In Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau, the bottom left component is written 𣎳, giving .
  • In Japan and Korea, the bottom left component is written , giving .

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 69, +9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜木竹一中 (YDHML), four-corner 02921, composition)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 480, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13572
  • Dae Jaweon: page 839, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2026, character 21
  • Unihan data for U+65B0

ChineseEdit

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𣂺
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script
       

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *siŋ): phonetic (OC *siŋ, hazelnut tree) + semantic (axe) – to cut down a tree with an axe (hence starting something new). 亲 is a variant of (OC *siŋ)

Also ideogrammic compound (會意). Original form of (OC *siŋ, “firewood”).

EtymologyEdit

Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Burmese သစ် (sac, new). Compare the cognacy between (OC *siŋ, “firewood”) and Burmese သစ် (sac, wood; timber).

This word may belong to the Sino-Tibetan stem Proto-Sino-Tibetan *siŋ (alive, fresh, green) and may hence be related to (OC *sʰleːŋ, “green”) as well as (OC *siŋ, “firewood”) (Schuessler, 2007).

PronunciationEdit


Note: sêng1 - Jieyang.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ɕin⁵⁵/
Harbin /ɕin⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ɕin²¹/
Jinan /ɕiẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /siə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /sin²⁴/
Xi'an /ɕiẽ²¹/
Xining /ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ɕĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /ɕin⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ɕin⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ɕin⁵⁵/
Kunming /ɕĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /sin³¹/
Hefei /ɕin²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕiəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕiŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ɕĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɕiŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /sin⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ɕin³³/
Wenzhou /saŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /siʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /sin¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /sin³³/
Xiangtan /sin³³/
Gan Nanchang /ɕin⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /sin⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /sin²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐn⁵³/
Nanning /ɬɐn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /sɐn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sin⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /siŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /seiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /siŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /tin²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (16)
Final () (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/siɪn/
Pan
Wuyun
/sin/
Shao
Rongfen
/sjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/sin/
Li
Rong
/siĕn/
Wang
Li
/sĭĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/si̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xīn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
san1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xīn
Middle
Chinese
‹ sin ›
Old
Chinese
/*s.tsʰi[n]/
English new

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 13811
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*siŋ/

DefinitionsEdit

  1. new; fresh
    Antonyms: (jiù), (lǎo)
      ―  xīn  ―  sprout; bud
    風氣风气  ―  xīn fēngqì  ―  new trend; new atmosphere
    產品产品  ―  xīn chǎnpǐn  ―  new product
    納粹纳粹  ―  xīnnàcuì  ―  neo-Nazi
    鮭魚二月上市 [MSC, trad.]
    鲑鱼二月上市 [MSC, simp.]
    Xīn guīyú èryuè qián bù shàngshì, duì ma? [Pinyin]
    Fresh salmon doesn't come in before February, does it?
  2. new; unused
    Antonym: (jiù)
      ―  xīn chē  ―  new car
    [Cantonese]  ―  san1 saam1 [Jyutping]  ―  new clothes
  3. recently or just married
      ―  xīnrén  ―  newly married couple
      ―  xīnniáng  ―  bride
  4. the new
      ―  yíngxīn  ―  to welcome new arrivals
    推陳出推陈出  ―  tuīchénchūxīn  ―  to get rid of the old and bring forth the new
  5. to make new
    耳目一  ―  ěrmùyīxīn  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
  6. newly; freshly; recently
    建成超市  ―  xīn jiànchéng de chāoshì  ―  newly built supermarket
    返嚟 [Cantonese, trad.]
    返嚟 [Cantonese, simp.]
    hai6 san1 maai5 faan1 lai4 ge3. [Jyutping]
    I bought it only a while ago.
  7. (chemistry) meso-
  8. a surname. Xin
  9. (~朝) Xin dynasty
  10. Short for 新疆 (Xīnjiāng).
  11. Short for 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō).
  12. Short for 新西蘭新西兰 (Xīnxīlán).
    銀行银行  ―  Ào Xīn Yínháng  ―  Australia and New Zealand Banking Corporation (ANZ Bank)

See alsoEdit

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name Time period Divisions
Xia
(~朝, ~代)
2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang
(~朝, ~代)
(~朝, ~代)
1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou
(~朝, ~代)
1046 – 256 BCE Western Zhou
西周
Eastern Zhou
東周东周
Spring and Autumn period
春秋
Warring States period
戰國战国
Qin
(~朝, ~代)
221 – 206 BCE
Han
(~朝, ~代)
206 BCE – 220 C.E. Western Han
西漢西汉
Xin
(~朝)
Eastern Han
東漢东汉
Three Kingdoms
三國三国
220 – 280 C.E. Wei
Shu Han
蜀漢蜀汉
Wu
Jin
(~朝, ~代)
265 – 420 C.E. Western Jin
西晉西晋
Eastern Jin
東晉东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties
南北朝
420 – 589 C.E. Northern dynasties
北朝
Northern Wei
北魏
Western Wei
西魏
Eastern Wei
東魏东魏
Northern Zhou
北周
Northern Qi
北齊北齐
Southern dynasties
南朝
Liu Song
劉宋刘宋
Southern Qi
南齊南齐
Liang
(~朝, ~代)
Chen
(~朝, ~代)
Sui
(~朝, ~代)
581 – 618 C.E.
Tang
(~朝, ~代)
618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
五代十國五代十国
907 – 960 C.E.
Liao
(~朝, ~代)
907 – 1125 C.E.
Song
(~朝, ~代)
960 – 1279 C.E. Northern Song
北宋
Southern Song
南宋
Western Xia
西夏
1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin
(~朝, ~代)
1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao
西遼西辽
1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan
(~朝, ~代)
1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming
(~朝, ~代)
1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing
(~朝, ~代)
1636 – 1912 C.E.
Republic of China
民國民国
1912 C.E. – present
People's Republic of China
人民共和國人民共和国
1949 C.E. – present

CompoundsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (しん) (shin)
  • Korean: 신(新) (sin)
  • Vietnamese: tân ()

Others:

Further readingEdit

JapaneseEdit

Alternative formsEdit

KanjiEdit

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. new
  2. change, reform

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
しん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

/sin//ɕin/

From Middle Chinese (MC siɪn).

Compare modern Mandarin (xīn), Hakka (sîn), Min Nan (sin), and Wu (xin).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

(しん) (shin

  1. a novelty
    Antonym: (kyū)
  2. Short for 新暦 (shinreki): the Gregorian calendar
  3. Short for 新株 (shinkabu) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  4. Short for 新銀 (shingin) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  5. Short for 新造 (shinzō) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

PrefixEdit

(しん) (shin-

  1. neo-
    (しん)(げん)(ごう)
    shin-gengō
    new era name
    (しん)()(かい)
    Shinsekai
    the New World
    (しん)(やく)(せい)(しょ)
    Shinyaku Seisho
    the New Testament
  2. attached to the title of a fiction work to mean new storyline, to distinguish it from older works
    (しん)(てっ)(けん)チンミ
    Shin Tekken Chinmi
    New Ironfist Chinmi
  3. attached to the title of a fiction adaptation to mean remake, to distinguish it from older adaptations
    Lois & Clark (しん)スーパーマン
    Lois & Clark Shin Sūpāman
    Lois & Clark: New Superman
Derived termsEdit

Proper nounEdit

 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

(しん) (Shin

  1. (historical) the Xin dynasty (8-23CE)
  2. a placename
  3. a surname
  4. a male or female given name

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
にい
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

⟨nipi1/nipʲi//nifi//niwi//niː/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *nipi. Specualtively connected to Proto-Indo-European *néwyos (whence Sanskrit नव्य (návya) and English new) and hence a possible doublet of new and ニュー (nyū).

PrefixEdit

(にい) (nii-

  1. new, novel
  2. fresh
  3. original
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
あら
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Extension of , (ara, crude, raw).

PrefixEdit

(あら) (ara-

  1. new
  2. unused
  3. natural
Derived termsEdit

Proper nounEdit

(あら) (Ara

  1. a surname

Etymology 4Edit

Kanji in this term
さら
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “-s- infix form or from prefix (sa-)?”

NounEdit

(さら) (sara

  1. something new and unused
Derived termsEdit

Proper nounEdit

(さら) (Sara

  1. a female given name

Etymology 5Edit

Kanji in this term
あら(た)
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Nominalization of adjective 新た (arata, new).

Proper nounEdit

(あらた) (Arata

  1. a male or female given name
  2. a surname

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

(eumhun (sae sin))

  1. Hanja form? of (new).

CompoundsEdit

KunigamiEdit

KanjiEdit

MiyakoEdit

KanjiEdit

OkinawanEdit

KanjiEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

: Hán Nôm readings: tân[1][2][3][4]

  1. (only in compounds) new

CompoundsEdit

ReferencesEdit

YaeyamaEdit

KanjiEdit