See also: 中國

Chinese edit

For pronunciation and definitions of – see 中國 (“middle country; central country; China; etc.”).
(This term is the simplified form of 中國).
Notes:

Japanese edit

Etymology 1 edit

 
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Kanji in this term
ちゅう
Grade: 1
こく > ごく
Grade: 2
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
中國 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok, literally “central country”). Compare modern Cantonese 中國中国 (zung1 gwok3). Attested from at least the 12th century.[1]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Where the "China" sense first attested in a Japanese document?”)

Proper noun edit

(ちゅう)(ごく) (Chūgoku

  1. China
    1. (historical or contemporary) any of several kingdoms, empires, or states of the Chinese people
      Hyponyms: (In), (Shū), (Shin), (Kan), (), 中華民国 (Chūka Minkoku)
      • c. 1120, Konjaku monogatari shū [Tales of Times Now Past], scroll 6:
        (つく)(まつ)れる(すがた)()るに、(ちゅう)(ごく)には()()ず、(めん)[めう]()(こく)()たり。
        Tsukuri matsureru sugata o miru ni, Chūgoku ni wa fu-nizu, men[meu] kokoku ni nitari.
        Judging from the appearance [of the statue], it is not unlike those in China, though the face resembles the northern nations.
    2. (especially in contemporary usage) short for 中華人民共和国 (Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku), the People's Republic of China
      • 1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび()とアニマル惑星(プラネット) (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 27:
        クニ?クニってなあに。
        Kuni? Kuni tte nāni.
        Country? What’s a country?
        アメリカとか(ちゅう)(ごく)とかいろいろあるじゃない。
        Amerika toka Chūgoku toka iroiro aru ja nai.
        You know, countries. There are a bunch of them like America and China.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
ちゅう
Grade: 1
こく > ごく
Grade: 2
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
中國 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Analyzable as a compound of (chū, center, middle) +‎ (koku, province). The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

(ちゅう)(ごく) (chūgoku

  1. the central part of a country, historically, commonly known as the capital city or the main region, where an emperor or other ruler resides
  2. something within a country
  3. (historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the third rank according to a four-rank system based on population and area
  4. (historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the second rank according to the distance from the capital city
  5. collective term for the 山陽道 (San'yōdō) and 山陰道 (San'indō) regions of Japan
Derived terms edit

Proper noun edit

(ちゅう)(ごく) (Chūgoku

  1. Short for 中国地方 (Chūgoku chihō): the Chūgoku region of Japan

Etymology 3 edit

Kanji in this term
なか
Grade: 1
くに
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
中國 (kyūjitai)

From (naka, center, middle) +‎ (kuni, country).

Proper noun edit

(なか)(くに) (Nakakuni

  1. a surname

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Zhuang edit

Proper noun edit

中国

  1. Sawndip form of Cunghgoz