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要

要 U+8981, 要
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8981
← 覀
[U+8980]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 覂 →
[U+8982]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

要 (radical 146 西+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一田女 (MWV), four-corner 10404, composition ⿱覀女)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1128, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34768
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1597, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2805, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+8981

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 要

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 要
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (要) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
腰 qew
要 qew, *qews
葽 qew, *qews, *qeːw, *qeːwʔ
喓 qew
闄 qewʔ
偠 qeːwʔ
騕 qeːwʔ
婹 qeːwʔ

Pictogram (象形): a woman (女) with two hands pointing to her midsection.

Original meaning was “waist” (now 腰 (OC *qew)). The hands gradually shifted upwards; the 覀 in the modern form evolved from the hands and the woman's head.

Pronunciation 1Edit

Rime
Character 要
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 宵 (91)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於霄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔiᴇu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔiɛu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔjæu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔiaw/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiɛu/
Wang
Li		 /ĭɛu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯ɛu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yāo
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 要
Reading # 1/2
No. 14748
Phonetic
component		 要
Rime
group		 宵
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 要
Old
Chinese		 /*qew/

DefinitionsEdit

要

  1. † to demand; to ask; to request
    要求  ―  yāoqiú  ―  to request
  2. † to force; to coerce
    要脅 / 要胁  ―  yāoxié  ―  to threaten, to blackmail
  3. † to promise
    要約 / 要约  ―  yāoyuē  ―  to restrict, to agree to a contract/offer/bid
  4. † to block; to intercept
    要擊 / 要击  ―  yāojī  ―  to intercept, to ambush
  5. † Alternative form of 邀 (“to invite”).
  6. † Alternative form of 腰 (“waist”).
  7. † contract of alliance
    久要  ―  jiǔyāo  ―  former contract
  8. A surname​.

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (要):
  • Japanese: 要 (よう) (yō)
  • Korean: 요 (要, yo)
  • Vietnamese: yêu (要)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 要

Pronunciation 2Edit

Rime
Character 要
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 宵 (91)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於笑切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔiᴇuH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔiɛuH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔjæuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔiawH/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiɛuH/
Wang
Li		 /ĭɛuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯ɛuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yào
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 要
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yào
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjiewH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[q]ew(k)-s/
English important

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 要
Reading # 2/2
No. 14752
Phonetic
component		 要
Rime
group		 宵
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 要
Old
Chinese		 /*qews/

DefinitionsEdit

要

  1. to want; to wish; to need: to demand
    我要睡覺。 / 我要睡觉。  ―  Wǒ yào shuìjiào.  ―  I want to sleep.
  2. will; going to (future auxiliary)
    我要走了。  ―  Wǒ yào zǒu le.  ―  I am going to go.
  3. about to
  4. should; to must; to have to
    不要喝酒。  ―  Bùyào hē jiǔ.  ―  Don't drink alcohol.
  5. vital; important
    重要  ―  zhòngyào  ―  important
    主要  ―  zhǔyào  ―  main
  6. if; in case of
SynonymsEdit
Dialectal synonyms of 要 (“to want to”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 欲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 要
Mandarin Beijing 要、想
Cantonese Guangzhou 要、想
Hong Kong 要、想
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 愛
Liudui (S. Sixian) 愛
Hsinchu (Hailu) 愛
Dongshi (Dabu) 愛
Zhuolan (Raoping) 愛
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 愛
Min Nan Xiamen 欲
Quanzhou 欲
Zhangzhou 欲
Taipei 欲
Kaohsiung 欲
Tainan 欲
Taichung 欲
Hsinchu 欲
Lukang 欲
Sanxia 欲
Yilan 欲
Kinmen 欲
Magong 欲
Penang 欲
Chaozhou 愛
Shantou 愛
Wu Wenzhou 愛

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (要):
  • Japanese: 要 (よう) (yō)
  • Korean: 요 (要, yo)
  • Vietnamese: yếu (要)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 要

JapaneseEdit

See also 要する

KanjiEdit

要

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. need, necessity, essential

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

NounEdit

要 (hiragana よう, rōmaji yō)

  1. cornerstone
  2. requirement

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

要 (hiragana かなめ, rōmaji kaname)

  1. pivot, cornerstone, keystone

Proper nounEdit

要 (hiragana かなめ, rōmaji Kaname)

  1. A male given name

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

要 • (yo) (hangeul 요, McCune-Reischauer yo, Yale yo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

要 (yếu, éo, eo, yêu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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