要

要	U+8981, 要 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8981

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

要 (radical 146, 西+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一田女 (MWV), four-corner 1040₄, composition ⿱覀女)

Derived charactersEdit

腰覅

DescendantsEdit

𛀓

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 1128, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34768
Dae Jaweon: page 1597, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2805, character 8
Unihan data for U+8981

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		要

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 要
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (要) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
腰	*qew
要	qew, qews
葽	qew, qews, qeːw, qeːwʔ
喓	*qew
闄	*qewʔ
偠	*qeːwʔ
騕	*qeːwʔ
婹	*qeːwʔ

Pictogram (象形): a woman (女) with two hands pointing to her midsection.

Original meaning was “waist” (now 腰 (OC *qew)). The hands gradually shifted upwards; the 覀 in the modern form evolved from the hands and the woman's head.

Pronunciation 1Edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yāo (yao¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄠ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yêu
Min Dong (BUC): iĕu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): iau

(Teochew, Peng'im): iao¹
Wu (Wiktionary): iau (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄠ
  - Wade–Giles: yao¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iau
  - IPA ^(key): /i̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jiu¹
  - Yale: yīu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jiu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yiu¹
  - IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yêu
  - Hakka Romanization System: ieu´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yeu¹
  - IPA: /i̯eu̯²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yêu
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieu´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yeu¹
  - IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: iĕu
  - IPA ^(key): /ieu⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iau
  - Tâi-lô: iau
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iaw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iaʊ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iaʊ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iaʊ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iaʊ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iaʊ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iao¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iau
  - IPA ^(key): /iau³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: iau (T1)
  - IPA ^(key): /iɔ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /ʔiᴇu/▼

Rime
Character	要
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於霄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔjæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔiaw/
Li Rong	/ʔiɛu/
Wang Li	/ĭɛu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yāo

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*qew/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	要
Reading #	1/2
No.	14748
Phonetic component	要
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	要
Old Chinese	/*qew/

DefinitionsEdit

要

^† to demand; to ask; to request
要求 ― yāoqiú ― to request
^† to force; to coerce
要脅 / 要胁 ― yāoxié ― to threaten, to blackmail
^† to promise
要約 / 要约 ― yāoyuē ― to restrict, to agree to a contract/offer/bid
^† to block; to intercept
要擊 / 要击 ― yāojī ― to intercept, to ambush
^† Alternative form of 邀 (“to invite”).
^† Alternative form of 腰 (“waist”).
^† contract of alliance
久要 ― jiǔyāo ― former contract
A surname.
to want

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (要):

→ Japanese: 要 (よう) (yō)
→ Korean: 요 (要, yo)
→ Vietnamese: yêu (要)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 要

Pronunciation 2Edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yào (yao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yeu
Min Dong (BUC): iéu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): iàu

(Teochew, Peng'im): iao³
Wu (Wiktionary): iau (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yào
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ
  - Wade–Giles: yao⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yaw
  - IPA ^(key): /i̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jiu³
  - Yale: yiu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jiu³
  - Guangdong Romanization: yiu³
  - IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯³³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yeu
  - Hakka Romanization System: ieu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yeu⁴
  - IPA: /i̯eu̯⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yeu
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yeu⁴
  - IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: iéu
  - IPA ^(key): /iɛu²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iàu
  - Tâi-lô: iàu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iaux
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iaʊ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iaʊ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iaʊ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iaʊ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iaʊ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iao³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iàu
  - IPA ^(key): /iau²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: iau (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /iɔ³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /ʔiᴇu^H/▼

Rime
Character	要
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於笑切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiᴇu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɛu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔjæu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔiaw^H/
Li Rong	/ʔiɛu^H/
Wang Li	/ĭɛu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɛu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yào

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[q]ew(k)-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*qews/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	要
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yào
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjiew^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[q]ew(k)-s/
English	important
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	要
Reading #	2/2
No.	14752
Phonetic component	要
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	要
Old Chinese	/*qews/

DefinitionsEdit

要

to want; to wish; to need: to demand
我要睡覺。 / 我要睡觉。 ― Wǒ yào shuìjiào. ― I want to sleep.
- 你要不要喝茶？ ― Nǐ yào bù yào hē chá? ― Do you want some tea?
- 老闆要我馬上回復。 [MSC, trad.]
  老板要我马上回复。 [MSC, simp.]
  Lǎobǎn yào wǒ mǎshàng huífù. [Pinyin]
  My boss demanded that I reply immediately.
will; going to (future auxiliary)
我要走了。 ― Wǒ yào zǒu le. ― I am going to go.
- 我怕我們要遲到了。 [MSC, trad.]
  我怕我们要迟到了。 [MSC, simp.]
  Wǒ pà wǒmen yào chídào le. [Pinyin]
  I fear that we will be late.
about to
- 出便咁黑，又好似要落雨噉。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
  Ceot¹ bin⁶ gam³ haak¹, jau⁶ hou² ci⁵ jiu³ lok⁶ jyu⁵ gam². [Jyutping]
  It looks like it's going to rain outside.
should; to must; to have to
不要喝酒。 ― Bùyào hē jiǔ. ― Don't drink alcohol.
- 你今天一定要去看病。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
  Nǐ jīntiān yīdìng yào qù kànbìng. [Pinyin]
  You must go to the doctor today.
- 你要等一會兒，我的老闆現在正忙得不可開交。 [MSC, trad.]
  你要等一会儿，我的老板现在正忙得不可开交。 [MSC, simp.]
  Nǐ yào děng yīhuìr, wǒ de lǎopǎn xiànzài zhèng máng de bùkěkāijiāo. [Pinyin]
  You have to wait a moment. My boss is extremely busy now.
vital; important
重要 ― zhòngyào ― important

主要 ― zhǔyào ― main
if; in case of
- 要繫腰帶，就用不著吊帶了。 [MSC, trad.]
  要系腰带，就用不着吊带了。 [MSC, simp.]
  Yào jì yāodài, jiù yòngbùzháo diàodài le. [Pinyin]
  You don't need braces if you're wearing a belt.

SynonymsEdit

Dialectal synonyms of 要 (“to want to”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		欲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		要
Mandarin	Beijing	要, 想
Cantonese	Guangzhou	要, 想
Cantonese	Hong Kong	要, 想
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	愛
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	愛
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	愛
	Dongshi (Dabu)	愛
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	愛
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	愛
Min Dong	Fuzhou	欲
Min Nan	Xiamen	欲
	Quanzhou	欲
	Zhangzhou	欲
	Taipei	欲
	Kaohsiung	欲
	Tainan	欲
	Taichung	欲
	Hsinchu	欲
	Lukang	欲
	Sanxia	欲
	Yilan	欲
	Kinmen	欲
	Magong	欲
	Penang	愛
	Chaozhou	愛
	Shantou	愛
Wu	Wenzhou	愛

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (要):

→ Japanese: 要 (よう) (yō)
→ Korean: 요 (要, yo)
→ Vietnamese: yếu (要)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 要

不待要
不得要領／不得要领 (bùdéyàolǐng)
不著要
不要 (bùyào)
不要忙
不要緊／不要紧 (bùyàojǐn)
不要臉／不要脸 (bùyàoliǎn)
不關緊要／不关紧要
不需要
且要
主要 (zhǔyào)
位居要津
偏要 (piānyào)
傳神秘要／传神秘要
兵要 (bīngyào)
兵要圖／兵要图
典要
切要 (qièyào)
動中窾要／动中窾要
勢要／势要
千金要方
原始要終／原始要终
又要
只要 (zhǐyào)
咽喉要路
唐會要／唐会要
國內要聞／国内要闻
國力要素／国力要素
多端寡要
大要 (dàyào)
妙言要道
宋會要／宋会要
將要／将要 (jiāngyào)
就要 (jiùyào)
必要 (bìyào)
必要條件／必要条件 (bìyào tiáojiàn)
快要 (kuàiyào)
急要 (jíyào)
打要
扼要 (èyào)
抓尖要強／抓尖要强
指要
提要 (tíyào)
摘要 (zhāiyào)
撮要 (cuōyào)
擇要／择要 (zéyào)
政要 (zhèngyào)
旨要
會要／会要
有緊沒要／有紧没要
有要沒緊／有要没紧
概要 (gàiyào)
樞要／枢要
機要／机要 (jīyào)
權要／权要
權豪勢要／权豪势要
權貴顯要／权贵显要
次要 (cìyào)
款要
正要 (zhèngyào)

死不要臉／死不要脸
死要臉／死要脸
沒緊要／没紧要
沒要緊／没要紧
治要
法書要錄／法书要录
津要
清要
無關緊要／无关紧要
爭勝要強／争胜要强
硬是要得
硬要 (yìngyào)
祕要
秉要執本／秉要执本
窮極要妙／穷极要妙
第一要緊／第一要紧
節要／节要
簡明扼要／简明扼要 (jiǎnmíng èyào)
簡要／简要 (jiǎnyào)
紀要／纪要 (jìyào)
綱要／纲要 (gāngyào)
緊要／紧要 (jǐnyào)
緊要處／紧要处
緊要關頭／紧要关头 (jǐnyào guāntóu)
練要／练要
總要／总要
至要
舉要刪蕪／举要删芜
舉要治繁／举要治繁
衝要／冲要
襟要
要不 (yàobù)
要不得 (yàobùdé)
要不然 (yàobùrán)
要不的
要事
要人 (yàorén)
要人好看
要件 (yàojiàn)
要價／要价 (yàojià)
要價還價／要价还价
要公
要切
要則／要则
要務／要务
要千取萬／要千取万
要口
要命 (yàomìng)
要命鬼
要員／要员 (yàoyuán)
要圖／要图
要地 (yàodì)
要塞 (yàosài)
要好 (yàohǎo)
要好成歉
要害 (yàohài)
要帳／要帐
要強／要强 (yàoqiáng)
要得 (yàodé)
要旨 (yàozhǐ)

要是 (yàoshi)
要案
要死
要死要活
要津
要犯 (yàofàn)
要略
要目
要知
要端
要約／要约 (yāoyuē)
要素 (yàosù)
要緊／要紧 (yàojǐn)
要義／要义 (yàoyì)
要而言之
要聞／要闻 (yàowén)
要職／要职 (yàozhí)
要臉／要脸 (yàoliǎn)
要衝／要冲 (yàochōng)
要角
要言
要言不煩／要言不烦
要言妙道
要訣／要诀 (yàojué)
要證／要证
要路
要路津
要近
要道 (yàodào)
要錢／要钱
要隘 (yào'ài)
要面子
要項／要项
要領／要领 (yāolǐng)
要飯／要饭 (yàofàn)
要飯的／要饭的 (yàofànde)
要麼／要么 (yàome)
要點／要点 (yàodiǎn)
記要／记要
貞觀政要／贞观政要
貴要／贵要
蹊要
輯要／辑要
道要
達官顯要／达官显要
重要 (zhòngyào)
重要分子
重要性 (zhòngyàoxìng)
金匱要略／金匮要略
鉤元提要／钩元提要
鉤玄提要／钩玄提要
險要／险要 (xiǎnyào)
需要 (xūyào)
靖康要錄／靖康要录
韻會舉要／韵会举要
須要／须要 (xūyào)
顯要／显要 (xiǎnyào)
首要 (shǒuyào)
體要／体要
齊民要術／齐民要术

JapaneseEdit

See also 要する

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←えう (eu, historical)}
Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←えう (eu, historical)}
Kun: いる (iru, 要る, Jōyō); かなめ (kaname, 要, Jōyō); かのめ (kanome); ぬま (numa); ぬみ (numi)

CompoundsEdit

重 (じゅう)要 (よう) (jūyō)
要塞 (ようさい) (yōsai)

Etymology 1Edit

NounEdit

要 (hiragana よう, rōmaji yō)

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

要 (hiragana かなめ, rōmaji kaname)

pivot, cornerstone, keystone

Proper nounEdit

要 (hiragana かなめ, rōmaji Kaname)

A male given name

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

要 • (yo) (hangeul 요, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

要 (yếu)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

要

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

Derived charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Pronunciation 1Edit

DefinitionsEdit

DescendantsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Pronunciation 2Edit

DefinitionsEdit

SynonymsEdit

DescendantsEdit

CompoundsEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

NounEdit

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

Proper nounEdit

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit