皋

See also: 皐 and 臯

皋	U+768B, 皋 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-768B

← 皊
[U+768A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

皌 →
[U+768C]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

皋 (Kangxi radical 106, 白+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹日大十 (HAKJ), four-corner 2640₃, composition ⿱白夲)

Derived characters edit

嗥, 𡟷, 㟸, 滜, 獆, 暤, 𦞵, 槔, 皞, 𥡅, 𥻷, 䜂, 䜰, 𨎀, 𤾲, 韟, 𫑯, 䣗, 翱, 䚌, 䫧, 鷎(𬸢), 㿁, 䔌

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 787, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22714
Dae Jaweon: page 1202, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2647, character 15
Unihan data for U+768B

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		皋
alternative forms		皐臯睪睾

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (皋) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
睾	*kuː
皋	*kuː

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 白 (“white, bright”) + 夲 (“to advance”), although the connection to the modern meaning is unclear.

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gāo (gao¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄠ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gou¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ko
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹kau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gao
  - Wade–Giles: kao¹
  - Yale: gāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gau
  - Palladius: гао (gao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gou¹
  - Yale: gōu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gou¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gou¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kou̯⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko
  - Tâi-lô: ko
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koy
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ko⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ko³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ko⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ko⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹kau
  - MiniDict: kau^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹kau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kɔ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: kaw

Rime
Character	皋
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古勞切
Baxter	kaw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑu/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑu/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaw/
Li Rong	/kɑu/
Wang Li	/kɑu/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gou¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤu/

(Zhengzhang): /*kuː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	皋
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gāo
Middle Chinese	‹ kaw ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁu/
English	announce
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	皋
Reading #	1/1
No.	3793
Phonetic component	皋
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	髙
Old Chinese	/*kuː/
Notes	同臯

Definitions edit

皋

(literary) shore; land by a body of water
(literary) highland
^† marsh; pool
- 鶴鳴于九皋，聲聞于野。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Hè míng yú jiǔ gāo, shēng wén yú yě. [Pinyin]
  The crane cries in the ninth marsh,
  And her voice is heard in the [distant] wilds.
^† rice paddy
^† (alt. form 高) tall; high
a surname

Compounds edit

References edit

“皋”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

皋

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

On (unclassified): こう (kō)
Kun: さわ (sawa, 皋); さかい (sakai, 皋); さつき (satsuki)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

皋 (eumhun 언덕 고 (eondeok go))

Alternative form of 皐 (“Hanja form^? of 고 (“highland”).”)

References edit

Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 3. [2]

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

皋: Hán Nôm readings: cao

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

Nôm: cao

References edit

Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999