同

See also: 仝, 衕, 何, 向, 回, 伺, and 々
同 U+540C, 同
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-540C
← 吋
[U+540B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 名 →
[U+540D]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

Stroke order
 

同 (radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 月一口 (BMR), four-corner 77220, composition ⿵冂𠮛)

Derived charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 175, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3294
  • Dae Jaweon: page 389, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 578, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+540C

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 同
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         
Characters in the same phonetic series (同) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鮦 *duʔ, *doːŋ, *doŋʔ
侗 *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
恫 *tʰoːŋ, *doːŋs
痌 *tʰoːŋ
同 *doːŋ
仝 *zlon, *doːŋ
銅 *doːŋ
桐 *doːŋ
峒 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
硐 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
筒 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
洞 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
烔 *doːŋ
挏 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
酮 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
鲖
眮 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
衕 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
哃 *doːŋ
絧 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
姛 *doːŋʔ
詷 *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
胴 *doːŋs
駧 *doːŋs
迵 *doːŋs
戙 *doːŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 凡 (“all”) + 口 (“mouth”) – together.

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.
 同
alternative forms 仝
冈
詷／𫍣
𧇌

Perhaps related to Tibetan སྡོང་བ (sdong ba, “to unite; to join”), Mizo intawng (inᴸ-tɔŋᴴ, “to meet together; to tally; to agree”), Mizo intawn (inᴸ-tɔnF, “to meet together; to tally; to agree”). Unrelated to 叢 (OC *zloːŋ, “to collect; thicket”) (Schuessler, 2007).

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • tâng - vernacular;
  • tông - literary.
Note:
  • dang5 - vernacular;
  • tong5 - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 同
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 定 (7)
    Final (韻) 東 (1)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 徒紅切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/duŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/duŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/duŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/dəwŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/duŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/duŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/dʱuŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		tóng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		tung4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 同
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		tóng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ duwng ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*lˁoŋ/
    English together, join

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 同
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 12446
    Phonetic
    component         		同
    Rime
    group         		東
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		同
    Old
    Chinese         		/*doːŋ/
    Notes 甲金文象有節筒管與口協合，
    如此方能音律諧和，
    爲筒    （簫）初文

    DefinitionsEdit

    同

    1. same; identical
      同一個世界，同一個夢想。 [MSC, trad.]
      同一个世界，同一个梦想。 [MSC, simp.]
      Tóng yīge shìjiè, tóng yīge mèngxiǎng. [Pinyin]
      One World, One Dream. (literally "The Same World, The Same Dream")
    2. together; with each other
      有福同享，有難同當 [MSC, trad.]
      有福同享，有难同当 [MSC, simp.]
      yǒu fú tóng xiǎng, yǒu nàn tóng dāng [Pinyin]
      to share joy together and bear hardship together
    3. with (indicating accompaniment or relationship)
      我同你去  ―  wǒ tóng nǐ qù  ―  I am going with you.
      他同這件事無關。 / 他同这件事无关。  ―  Tā tóng zhè jiàn shì wúguān.  ―  He has nothing to do with this.
    4. and; as well as
    5. used to show comparison
      今年的氣候同往年不一樣。 [MSC, trad.]
      今年的气候同往年不一样。 [MSC, simp.]
      Jīnnián de qìhòu tóng wǎngnián bù yīyàng. [Pinyin]
      The climate this year is different from which of the past.
    6. (Cantonese) and
      我買咗一包米同一罐汽水。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      我买咗一包米同一罐汽水。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      ngo5 maai5 zo2 jat1 baau1 mai5 tung4 jat1 gun3 hei3 seoi2. [Jyutping]
      I bought a pack of rice and a can of soft drink.
      巴西同阿根廷都係南美洲國家。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      巴西同阿根廷都系南美洲国家。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      baa1 sai1 tung4 aa3 gan1 ting4 dou1 hai6 naam4 mei5 zau1 gwok3 gaa1. [Jyutping]
      Brazil and Argentina are both South American countries.
    7. (Cantonese) for
      同我攞一罐甜酸醬，唔該。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      同我𫽋一罐甜酸酱，唔该。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      tung4 ngo5 lo2 jat1 gun3 tim4 syun1 zoeng3, m4 goi1. [Jyutping]
      Please get me a can of sweet-and-sour sauce.
    8. A surname​.
    SynonymsEdit
    • (and):
    Dialectal synonyms of 和 (“and”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 與, 及
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 和, 與, 及
    Mandarin Beijing 跟, 和
    Taiwan 跟, 和
    Muping 和
    Jinan 和, 跟, 給
    Wanrong 和
    Wanrong (Ronghe) 連
    Xi'an 跟, 連
    Yinchuan 連
    Lanzhou 跟, 和
    Xining 帶, 和
    Ürümqi 跟, 連, 和
    Wuhan 跟
    Chengdu 跟, 給, 和
    Guiyang 跟, 同, 和
    Guilin 跟, 和
    Liuzhou 跟, 同, 和
    Xuzhou 給
    Yangzhou 跟, 交
    Nanjing 告, 跟
    Hefei 跟
    Malaysia 和, 跟
    Singapore 和, 跟
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 帶
    Cantonese Guangzhou 同, 同埋
    Hong Kong 同, 同埋
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 同
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 同
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 同
    Macau 同, 同埋
    Taishan 同埋
    Kaiping (Chikan) 同, 同埋
    Dongguan 同, 同埋
    Yangjiang 鄧, 同
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 同
    Penang (Guangfu) 同
    Singapore (Guangfu) 同
    Gan Nanchang 跟, 同
    Lichuan 和
    Pingxiang 同, 跟
    Hakka Meixian 同, 摎
    Yudu 澗
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 摎
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 同
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 摎
    Dongshi (Dabu) 同
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 摎
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 和
    Hong Kong 摎
    Kuching (Hepo) 佮
    Huizhou Jixi 搭
    Jin Taiyuan 和, 跟
    Xinzhou 給
    Min Bei Jian'ou 邀
    Jian'ou (Dikou) 邀, 儉, 教
    Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 邀
    Pucheng (Shibei) 邀, 跟
    Min Dong Fuzhou 共
    Changle 共
    Fuqing 共
    Yongtai 共
    Gutian 共
    Fu'an 共
    Ningde 共
    Shouning 隨
    Zhouning 傮, 共
    Fuding 跟
    Min Nan Xiamen 佮, 交
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 佮
    Quanzhou 佮, 交
    Zhangzhou 佮
    Tainan 佮
    Penang (Hokkien) 佮
    Singapore (Hokkien) 佮
    Manila (Hokkien) 佮, 交
    Chaozhou 佮, 共
    Shantou 佮
    Jieyang 佮
    Singapore (Teochew) 佮
    Pontianak (Teochew) 佮
    Leizhou 共
    Wenchang 共
    Haikou 共
    Qionghai 共
    Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 跟, 邀
    Wu Shanghai 脫, 脫仔, 得, 得仔, 搭, 搭仔, 交, 幫, 同, 跟
    Chongming 脫
    Songjiang 搭
    Suzhou 搭, 搭仔
    Danyang 同, 跟
    Hangzhou 同
    Ningbo 搭, 搭仔
    Wenzhou 伉
    Jinhua 亨, 跟
    Xiang Changsha 跟
    Shuangfeng 跟, 同
    Loudi 跟

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 同

    DescendantsEdit

    Sino-Xenic (同):
    • → Japanese: 同(どう) (dō)
    • → Korean: 동 (同, dong)
    • → Vietnamese: đồng (同)

    Etymology 2Edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of 同 – see 衕 (“passageway; lane; alley; diarrhoea”).
    (This character, 同, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 衕.)
    Notes:

    ReferencesEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    同

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit


    Kanji in this term
    同
    どう
    Grade: 2
    kan’yōon

    EtymologyEdit

    From Middle Chinese 同 (duŋ, “same”).

    PronunciationEdit

    PrefixEdit

    同(どう) • (dō-) 

    1. same

    DescendantsEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    From Middle Chinese 同 (MC duŋ).

    Historical readings

    PronunciationEdit

    HanjaEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    同 (eumhun 한가지 동 (hangaji dong))

    1. Hanja form? of 동 (“same; identical”).

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    ReferencesEdit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    同: Hán Nôm readings: đồng, đùng, đang

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    ReferencesEdit

    • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
    • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
    • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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