Wiktionary

ko

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ko" and کوه‎

TranslingualEdit

SymbolEdit

ko

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Korean.

EnglishEdit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Japanese 劫 (kō).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ko (plural ko)

  1. (game of Go) A local shape to which the ko rule applies; a ko shape.
    Black gets an easy game by just filling the ko.
  2. (game of Go) ko fight
    Black wins the ko easily.
  3. (game of Go) a stone in a ko in atari, a ko stone
    Black recaptures the ko and white has to find another ko threat.

Derived termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

Translations

AnagramsEdit

AfarEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

kó

  1. thee, you
    • Saytun Qhuraan kee kay maqnah tarjamaty Qafar afal tani [The clear Qur'an and its explanation translated into the Afar language]‎[1], Suurat Al-Faatica, verse 5:
      Diggah nanu Ni Rabbow koo inkittosnaah Qibaada dibuk koo caglisna, nanu ni-caagiidah inkih cato koo esserra.
      Our God, with strength we make you whole, only you we give [our] adoration, we as one ask you for help with our afairs.

Usage notesEdit

  • The form kóo is used when the pronoun isn't followed by a clitic.

See alsoEdit

Afar personal pronouns
1st person 2nd person 3rd person m 3rd person f
Subject Singular anú atú úsuk ís
Plural nanú isín úsun
Object Singular yó kó ká tét
Plural né sín kén

ReferencesEdit

  • E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “ko”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN

AiwooEdit

VerbEdit

ko

  1. to lie down

ReferencesEdit

BambaraEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ko

  1. to say

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ko

  1. to wash

ReferencesEdit

Bikol CentralEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA(key): /ko/

PronounEdit

ko

  1. by me
    Sinalo ko an bola. ― The ball was caught by me.
  2. of me
    An harong ko. ― My house.
  3. me
    Sa taas ko. ― Above me.

BugisEdit

PronounEdit

ko

  1. (Sinjai) you, your, yours (casual)

DanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse *kōʀ (east), kýr (west), from Proto-Germanic *kūz, cognate with Swedish ko, English cow, German Kuh. The word goes back to Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cow”), which is also the source of Latin bōs, Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Sanskrit गौः (gáuḥ).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /koːˀ/, [ˈkʰoˀ]

NounEdit

ko c (singular definite koen, plural indefinite køer)

  1. cow

DeclensionEdit

Declension of ko
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ko koen køer køerne
genitive kos koens køers køernes

ReferencesEdit

EsperantoEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ko]
  • Audio:
    (file)
  • Hyphenation: ko

NounEdit

ko (accusative singular ko-on, plural ko-oj, accusative plural ko-ojn)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter K.

See alsoEdit

EweEdit

VerbEdit

ko

  1. to laugh

FinnishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Related to kuka, kun, kuin.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈko/, [ˈko̞]
  • Rhymes: -o
  • Syllabification(key): ko

ConjunctionEdit

ko

  1. (dialectal) Alternative form of kun.
  2. (dialectal) Alternative form of kuin.
  3. (dialectal) Synonym of koska.

Usage notesEdit

In some dialects, ko has become unstressed, subjecting it to vowel harmony and leading to the form kö after front-vowelic words.

FrenchEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ko m (plural ko)

  1. Abbreviation of kilooctet (kilobyte)

FulaEdit

SuffixEdit

ko

  1. Noun class indicator for nouns (singular)

Usage notesEdit

ArticleEdit

ko

  1. (definite) the (when it follows the noun)
    ñayko ko ― the thatch

Usage notesEdit

DeterminerEdit

ko

  1. (used in indicating something)
    ko ñayko ― this/that thatch

Usage notesEdit

GuananoEdit

NounEdit

ko

  1. water
  2. medicine
  3. relative, fellow Kotiria

ReferencesEdit

  • Kristine Stenzel, A Reference Grammar of Kotiria (Wanano)

GuaraníEdit

DeterminerEdit

ko

  1. this

HawaiianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PrepositionEdit

ko

  1. of, belonging to first part of possessive constructions, o-type
    ko mākou hale ― our house
    ko ke kumu kaʻa ― the teacher's car

See alsoEdit

Hawaiian possessive pronouns
The o-type forms are used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars). The a-type forms are used for acquired possessions.
singular dual plural
1st person koʻu, kaʻu
kuʻu (affectionate, o- and a-type) 		ko māua, kā māua (exclusive)
ko kāua, kā kāua (inclusive) 		ko mākou, kā mākou (exclusive)
ko kākou, kā kākou (inclusive)
2nd person kou, kāu
kō (affectionate, o- and a-type) 		ko ʻolua, kā ʻolua ko ʻoukou, kā ʻoukou
3rd person kona, kāna ko lāua, kā lāua ko lākou, kā lākou

IndonesianEdit

PronounEdit

ko

  1. (Java, informal) Second-person singular pronoun: you, your, yours

SynonymsEdit

Indonesian informal second-person pronouns:

  • anta (informal, mainly used by Muslim community)
  • antum (informal, mainly used by Muslim community)
  • coen (slang, East Java)
  • ente (informal, mainly used by Betawi ethnic group)
  • kamu (intimate)
  • ko, kowe (informal, Java)
  • kon, koen (colloquial, East Java)
  • lu, lo, loe, elu (informal, mainly used by Betawi ethnic group)
  • mika, mike (informal, Eastern Sumatra)

IngrianEdit

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

ko

  1. Alternative form of ku
    • 2008, “Läkkäämmä omal viisii [We're speaking [our] own way]”, in Inkeri‎[2], volume 4, number 69, St. Petersburg, page 12:
      Se oli ko hää ei mahtant vennäheks läätä.
      That was how she couldn't speak Russian.

ReferencesEdit

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 178

JapaneseEdit

RomanizationEdit

ko

  1. Rōmaji transcription of こ
  2. Rōmaji transcription of コ

KalashaEdit

AdverbEdit

ko

  1. why

InterjectionEdit

ko

  1. why

NounEdit

ko

  1. why

KamtaEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Sanskrit কথযতি (katháyati). Cognate with Assamese ক (ko), Sylheti ꠇꠅꠀ (xooa), Bengali কওয়া (kôẇa), Hindustani कहना (kahnā) / کہنا‎ (kahnā).

VerbEdit

ko (ko)

  1. say
  2. tell
    Oĩ mök koisil. ― Oĩ mök koisil. ― He told me
  3. speak
    kotha ko ― kotha ko ― speak

ConjugationEdit

impersonal forms of ko
Stem ko
Gerund koöa
Conjugative koia
Infinitive koibar
Agentive koure
Converb koite
Progressive participle koite koite
Reason koöat
Conditional participle koile
Perfect participle koia
Habitual participle koia koia
Conjugation forms of ko
Person First person Second person Third person
informal formal informal formal
singular plural singular plural singular plural
muĩ amra tuĩ tömra oĩ umra
Present
Imperfective koṅ koi koiṣ kon koe
Continuous koia asoṅ koia asi koia asiṣ koia asen koia ase
Perfective koisoṅ koisi kosiṣ koisen koise
Past
Recent koluṅ koiloṅ kolu koilen koil ~ koilek
Distant & Habitual kosiluṅ koisiloṅ kosilu koisilen koisil ~ koisilek
Continuous koia asluṅ koia aisloṅ koia aslu koi aislen koia asil ~ koia aislek
Future
Indicative koim komö kobu koiben koibe
Continuous koia thakim koia thakmö koia thakpu koia thaikpen koia thaikpe
Others
Imperative — ko kon kouk

KarelianEdit

ParticleEdit

ko

  1. like, as

KirikiriEdit

NounEdit

ko

  1. woman

Further readingEdit

Bill Palmer, The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area (→ISBN, 2017), page 531, table 95, Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages

LatvianEdit

PronounEdit

ko (interrogative)

  1. accusative of kas: what, who
    ko tu gribi apskatīt? ― what would you like to see?

ko (relative)

  1. accusative of kas: that
    teksts, ko tu lasi ― the text that you're reading
  2. accusative of kas: what, who
    tas ir tas, ko es domāju ― that is what I mean
  3. accusative of kas: which

InterjectionEdit

ko

  1. sorry?
  2. pardon?
  3. what?

LithuanianEdit

PronounEdit

ko

  1. genitive of kas
    Ko tu nori? ― What do you want?

Usage notesEdit

The word ko is the non-possessive genitive.

For the possessive genitive ("whose?") of kas, see kieno.

Further readingEdit

  • “ko”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2022
  • Vytautas Ambrazas (2006) Lithuanian Grammar, 2nd revised edition, pages 186, 193

MaakaEdit

NounEdit

ko

  1. head

ReferencesEdit

MaoriEdit

ParticleEdit

ko

  1. Placed at the beginning of nominative phrases to signify that they are declarative

MapudungunEdit

NounEdit

ko (Raguileo spelling)

  1. water

ReferencesEdit

  • Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.
  • Estudios de lengua y cultura amerindias II (1998) (spells it có)

Min NanEdit

AdjectiveEdit

ko (POJ, traditional and simplified 高)

  1. high
  2. tall

Usage notesEdit

It is nearly always used exclusively as part of a name or compound.

Derived termsEdit

NounEdit

ko (POJ, traditional and simplified 膏)

  1. paste; cream

Usage notesEdit

It is nearly always used exclusively as part of a name or compound.

Derived termsEdit

NormanEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • co (Jersey, Guernsey, Normandy)

EtymologyEdit

From Old French col, from Latin collum (“neck”).

NounEdit

ko m (plural kos)

  1. (Sark, anatomy) neck

NyishiEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Tani *koː.

NounEdit

ko

  1. child
  2. son

ReferencesEdit

  • P. T. Abraham (2005) A Grammar of Nyishi Language‎[3], Delhi: Farsight Publishers and Distributors

Old JavaneseEdit

PronounEdit

ko

  1. you

Old NorseEdit

NounEdit

ko ?

  1. (East dialect) cow

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

PaliEdit

Alternative formsEdit

Alternative forms

PronounEdit

ko

  1. masculine nominative singular of ka

Rapa NuiEdit

InterjectionEdit

ko

  1. exclamation suggesting a personal reaction

Usage notesEdit

For non-personal judgment, consider using ka.

ParticleEdit

ko

  1. particle prefixed to names as a determinative

RawaEdit

AdverbEdit

ko

  1. again

ReferencesEdit

Serbo-CroatianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Slavic *kъto, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, *kʷid, (compare *kʷis).

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

kȍ (Cyrillic spelling ко̏)

  1. (Serbia, Bosnia, interrogatively) who
    Ko si ti? ― who are you
  2. (Serbia, Bosnia, relative and indefinite pronoun)
    bilo ko ― anybody, anyone
    malo ko ― very few people
    onaj ko ― he who, whoever
DeclensionEdit
Declension of ko
singular/plural
nominative tkȍ, kȍ
genitive kȍg, kòga
dative kȍm, kòmu, kòme
accusative kȍg. kòga
vocative —
locative kòm, kòme
instrumental kȋm, kíme

Etymology 2Edit

From kȁo.

ContractionEdit

ko (Cyrillic spelling ко)

  1. (colloquial) contraction of kȁo
Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • “ko” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • “ko” in Hrvatski jezični portal

SloveneEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Slavic *jako (“how, in which way”). Cognate with Serbo-Croatian ako.

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

ko

  1. when (at the time that)

Etymology 2Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

ConjunctionEdit

ko

  1. (colloquial) Alternative form of kot

SwahiliEdit

PronunciationEdit

ParticleEdit

ko

  1. indefinite / nonspecific locative class suffix, indefinite place indicator
    Eliud yuko Kenya
    Eliud is (there) in Kenya

InflectionEdit

Inflected forms of -ko
Noun class singular positive plural positive singular negative plural negative
1st-Person niko tuko siko hatuko
2nd-Person uko mko huko hamko
M-wa class / 3rd-Person yuko wako hayuko hawako
M-mi class uko iko hauko haiko
Ma class liko yako haliko hayako
Ki-vi class kiko viko hakiko haviko
N class iko ziko haiko haziko
U class uko uko hauko hauko
Pa class pako pako hapako hapako
Ku class kuko kuko hakuko hakuko
Mu class muko muko hamuko hamuko

See alsoEdit

  • po: definite place indicator
  • mo: "inside" of a definite place indicator

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse ko, from East Old Norse ko, from Proto-Germanic *kūz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cow”). Cognate with Old West Norse kýr and English cow.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ko c

  1. cow; female cattle
    Många kor bor i stall under vinterhalvåret. ― Many cows live in stables during the winter.
  2. a female member of a number of other species, such as elk
    Jag såg en älgko och hennes kalv när jag var i skogen. ― I saw an elk cow and her calf when I was in the forest.

DeclensionEdit

Declension of ko 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ko kon kor korna
Genitive kos kons kors kornas

Related termsEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

AnagramsEdit

TagalogEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • co – obsolete
  • k, q – text messaging slang

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ko (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓ)

  1. by me
    Ang bola ay sinalo ko. ― The ball was caught by me'.
  2. of me
    Ang bahay ko. ― My' house.
  3. me
    Sa taas ko. ― Above me.

See alsoEdit

Tagalog personal pronouns
Person Number Direct (ang) Indirect (ng) Oblique (sa)
First singular ako ko akin
dual* kita, kata nita, nata, ta kanita, kanata, ata
plural inclusive tayo natin atin
plural exclusive kami namin amin
First & Second singular kita**
Second singular ikaw, ka mo iyo
plural kayo, kamo ninyo, niyo inyo
Third singular siya niya kaniya
plural sila nila kanila
* First person dual pronouns are not commonly used.
** Replaces "ko ikaw".

TawortaEdit

NounEdit

ko

  1. egg

Further readingEdit

Bill Palmer, The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area (→ISBN, 2017), page 531, table 95, Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages

Tocharian AEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Tocharian, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cow”). Compare Tocharian B keu, English cow.

NounEdit

ko

  1. cow

TokelauanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Polynesian *ko. Cognates include Hawaiian ʻo and Samoan ʻo.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈko/
  • Hyphenation: ko

ParticleEdit

ko

  1. Marks an equational sentence.
  2. Marks the topic of the sentence.
    • 1948, Tūlāfono fakavae a Tokelau [Constitution of Tokelau]‎[4], page 1:
      Ko kimatou, ia tagata o Tokelau, e takutino
      We, the people of Tokelau, say openly
  3. Marks the succeeding noun as in apposition of the preceding noun.
  4. Placed after the conjunctions pe or ka.

ReferencesEdit

  • R. Simona, editor (1986) Tokelau Dictionary‎[5], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 163

TuvaluanEdit

ParticleEdit

ko

  1. present perfect tense marker, inserted immediately before the relevant verb

VietnameseEdit

Alternative formsEdit

AdverbEdit

ko

  1. (informal) Abbreviation of không.

AnagramsEdit

VolapükEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Spanish con (“with”).

PrepositionEdit

ko

  1. with

West FrisianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Frisian kū, from Proto-West Germanic *kū, from Proto-Germanic *kūz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ko c (plural kij, diminutive koke)

  1. cow

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • “ko”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

West MakianEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ko

  1. (transitive) to carry on one's back

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of ko (action verb)
singular plural
inclusive exclusive
1st person toko moko ako
2nd person noko foko
3rd person inanimate iko doko
animate
imperative noko, ko foko, ko

ReferencesEdit

  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[6], Pacific linguistics

WolofEdit

PronounEdit

ko

  1. him/her/it (third-person singular object pronoun)

See alsoEdit

Wolof personal pronouns
singular subject plural subject singular object plural object
1st person man nun ma nu
2nd person yow yeen la leen
3rd person moom ñoom ko leen

XhosaEdit

PronounEdit

-ko

  1. Combining stem of kona.

YorubaEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Alternative formsEdit

  • ò (frequently used after personal pronouns)

PronunciationEdit

ParticleEdit

kò

  1. not (placed before a verb to negate it)

Etymology 2Edit

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA(key): /kō/

ConjunctionEdit

ko

  1. (Ekiti) that

Etymology 3Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

kó

  1. to pack
    Ẹ bá mi kó ẹrù yìí sẹ́yìn ọkọ̀ ― Help me pack this load into the boot
  2. to collect
  3. to capture
    Wọ́n kó wọn lẹ́rú ― They captured them as slaves

Derived termsEdit

Etymology 4Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

kò

  1. to touch
  2. to meet

Derived termsEdit

ZazakiEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Persian کوه‎ (kuh).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈko]
  • Hyphenation: ko

NounEdit

ko m

  1. (geography) mountain
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