离

See also: 離

离	U+79BB, 离 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79BB

← 禺
[U+79BA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

禼 →
[U+79BC]

Translingual edit

Stroke order

Han character edit

离 (Kangxi radical 114, 禸+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜山大月 (YUKB), four-corner 0022₇, composition ⿱㐫禸)

Derived characters edit

𠌯, 𠻗, 𪤋, 𢟢, 摛, 漓, 𤡢, 𣉽, 𪱩, 樆, 㷰, 𤗫, 璃, 䄜, 瞝, 𥕮, 䅻, 褵, 𥻿, 縭(缡), 𦔓, 𫬎, 螭, 謧, 𧴁, 𮜐, 醨, 𮧩, 𩥬, 𮃵, 麶, 黐, 𪒔, 𪖂
𣯤, 䬜, 魑, 𨝏, 𬓞, 離, 𫀥, 𮫧, 𬓟, 𪅆, 禽, 𡼁, 𡴥, 蓠, 䍠, 篱, 𤜏

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 848, character 7
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24888
Dae Jaweon: page 1270, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 287, character 11
Unihan data for U+79BB

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 离
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (离) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
謧	reːl, rel
璃	reːl, rel
離	reːls, rel, *rels
縭	*rel
离	rel, r̥ʰel
醨	*rel
樆	*rel
褵	*rel
漓	*rel
黐	rel, r̥ʰel
籬	*rel
灕	*rel
蘺	*rel
攡	*rel
魑	*r̥ʰel
螭	*r̥ʰel
摛	*r̥ʰel

In bronze inscriptions, Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 林 (“forest”) + 𠦒 (“net”) – to set up a net in the forest for hunting.

The modern form descends from a variant that replaced 林 with 艸, later simplified as 屮 in small seal script, which corrupted further into 亠 in clerical script. The bottom component 𠦒 has corrupted into ⿱凶禸. Compare with 畢 and 禽.

Exists as traditional character, but also simplified from 離.

Etymology 1 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 离 – see 離 (“to depart”). (This character is the simplified form of 離).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2 edit

trad.		离
simp. ^#		离
alternative forms		𡴥

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chī (chi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄔ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ci¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chī
  - Zhuyin: ㄔ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chih
  - Wade–Giles: chʻih¹
  - Yale: chr̄
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chy
  - Palladius: чи (či)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ci¹
  - Yale: chī
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsi¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: qi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: trhje

Rime
Character	离
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	丑知切
Baxter	trhje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈʰˠiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʰᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶʰiɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈʰjiə̆/
Li Rong	/ȶʰje/
Wang Li	/ȶʰǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶʰie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ci¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*r̥aj/

(Zhengzhang): /*r̥ʰel/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	离
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chī
Middle Chinese	‹ trhje ›
Old Chinese	/*r̥aj/
English	mountain demon
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	离
Reading #	2/2
No.	7799
Phonetic component	离
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	摛
Old Chinese	/*r̥ʰel/

Definitions edit

离

a kind of legendary beast, Alternative form of 魑

Etymology 3 edit

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lí (li²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lei⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lí
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lí
  - Wade–Giles: li²
  - Yale: lí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: li
  - Palladius: ли (li)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lei⁴
  - Yale: lèih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lei⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: léi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lei̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: lje

Rime
Character	离
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	呂支切
Baxter	lje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/ljɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liə̆/
Li Rong	/lie/
Wang Li	/lǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/lie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lei⁴