離
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TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
離 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 卜月人土 (YBOG), four-corner 00414, composition ⿰离隹)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1369, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42140
- Dae Jaweon: page 1875, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4106, character 2
- Unihan data for U+96E2
ChineseEdit
| trad. | 離 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 离* | |
Glyph originEdit
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *reːls, *rel, *rels): phonetic 离 (OC *rel, *r̥ʰel) + semantic 隹 (“bird”) – black-naped oriole (Oriolus chinensis). This sense is preserved in the compound 離黃.
Phonetically borrowed for the sense "to depart".
Pronunciation 1Edit
DefinitionsEdit
離
- to leave; to depart
- to go away
- to separate
- away from
- ☲, the 3rd of the 8 trigrams
- ䷝, the 30th of the 64 I Ching hexagrams
- † Alternative form of 罹 (lí, “to suffer; to be hit with; to encounter”).
- † Alternative form of 縭／缡 (lí).
- a surname
CompoundsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “離”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Pronunciation 2Edit
DefinitionsEdit
離
Pronunciation 3Edit
DefinitionsEdit
離
Pronunciation 4Edit
DefinitionsEdit
離
Pronunciation 5Edit
DefinitionsEdit
離
- Alternative form of 螭 (chī, “a kind of dragon”).
- Alternative form of 离 (chī, “a kind of legendary beast”).
Pronunciation 6Edit
DefinitionsEdit
離
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: り (ri, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: り (ri, Jōyō)
- Kun: はなれる (hanareru, 離れる, Jōyō); はなす (hanasu, 離す, Jōyō); つく (tsuku, 離く)
CompoundsEdit
- 乖離 (kairi)
- 距離 (kyori): distance
- 不即不離 (fusokufuri)
- 分離 (bunri): isolation
- 離間 (rikan)
- 離婚 (rikon): divorce
- 離脱 (ridatsu)
- 離別 (ribetsu): separation
- 幽体離脱 (yūtai ridatsu): out-of-body experience
- 体外離脱 (taigai ridatsu): out-of-body experience
KoreanEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle Chinese 離 (MC liᴇ, liᴇH). Recorded as Middle Korean 리 (li) (Yale: li) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
PronunciationEdit
- (initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [i(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [이(ː)]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
- (non-initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾi]
- Phonetic hangul: [리]
HanjaEdit
離 (eumhun 떠날 리 (tteonal ri), South Korea 떠날 이 (tteonal i))
- Hanja form? of 리/이 (“to leave”).
- Hanja form? of 리/이 (“separation; departure”).
- Hanja form? of 리/이 (“division”).
CompoundsEdit
- 거리 (距離, geori, “distance”)
- 괴리 (乖離, goeri, “estrangement”)
- 분리 (分離, bulli, “separation”)
- 이탈 (離脫, ital, “breakaway”)
- 격리 (隔離, gyeongni, “isolation”)
- 이륙 (離陸, iryuk, “take off”)
- 이직 (離職, ijik, “move one's job”)
- 이산 (離散, isan, “dispersion”)
- 이혼 (離婚, ihon, “divorce”)
- 이별 (離別, ibyeol, “farewell, parting”)
- 난리 (亂離, nalli, “fuss, mess, panic”)
- 이간질 (離間질, iganjil, “to come between, alienate something from others”)
- 사거리 (射距離, sageori, “range (of a weapon)”)
- 가시거리 (可視距離, gasigeori, “visibility”)
Etymology 2Edit
Related to Middle Chinese 螭 / 离 (MC ʈʰˠiᴇ).
HanjaEdit
離 (eumhun 교룡(蛟龍) 치 (gyoryong chi))
離 (eumhun 맹수(猛獸) 치 (maengsu chi))
- (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 螭 (“Hanja form? of 치 (“a kind of dragon”).”)
- (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 离 (“Hanja form? of 치 (“a kind of legendary beast”).”)
Etymology 3Edit
Related to Middle Chinese 麗 / 儷 (MC leiH).
HanjaEdit
離 (eumhun 붙을 려 (buteul ryeo), South Korea 붙을 여 (buteul yeo))
離 (eumhun 나란히 할 려 (naranhi hal ryeo), South Korea 나란히 할 여 (naranhi hal yeo))
- (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 麗 (“Hanja form? of 려/여 (“to adhere”).”)
- (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 儷 (“Hanja form? of 려/여 (“in pair”).”)
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
離: Hán Nôm readings: li, ly, le, lè, lì, lìa, lia
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