離

See also: 离 and ☲

離	U+96E2, 離 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96E2

← 雡
[U+96E1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

難 →
[U+96E3]

離	U+F9EA, 離 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9EA

← 里
[U+F9E9]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

匿 →
[U+F9EB]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

離 (radical 172, 隹+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 卜月人土 (YBOG), four-corner 0041₄, composition ⿰离隹)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 1369, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42140
Dae Jaweon: page 1875, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4106, character 2
Unihan data for U+96E2

ChineseEdit

trad.		離
simp.		离^*

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (离) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
謧	reːl, rel
璃	reːl, rel
離	reːls, rel, *rels
縭	*rel
离	rel, r̥ʰel
醨	*rel
樆	*rel
褵	*rel
漓	*rel
黐	rel, r̥ʰel
籬	*rel
灕	*rel
蘺	*rel
攡	*rel
魑	*r̥ʰel
螭	*r̥ʰel
摛	*r̥ʰel

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *reːls, *rel, *rels): phonetic 离 (OC *rel, *r̥ʰel) + semantic 隹 (“bird”).

Pronunciation 1Edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lí (li²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): lei⁴, lei⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): li³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): lì

(Meixian, Guangdong): li²
Min Bei (KCR): lī
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): lī / lî

(Teochew, Peng'im): li⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): li (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: lí
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ
  - Wade–Giles: lih²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: li
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lí
  - IPA ^(key): /li˧˥/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: lei⁴, lei⁶
  - Yale: lèih, leih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lei⁴, lei⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: léi⁴, léi⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /lei̯˨˩/, /lei̯˨/

Note: lei6 - rare (e.g. 離群索居／离群索居).

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: li³
  - IPA ^(key): /li˨/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lì
  - Hakka Romanization System: liˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: li²
  - IPA: /li˩/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: li²
  - IPA: /li˩/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lī
  - IPA ^(key): /li˥/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lī / lî
  - Tâi-lô: lī / lî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: li, lii
  - IPA (Xiamen): /li˨˨/, /li˨˦/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /li˦˩/, /li˨˦/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /li˨˨/, /li˩˧/
  - IPA (Taipei): /li˧˧/, /li˨˦/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /li˧˧/, /li˨˧/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: li⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lî
  - IPA ^(key): /li⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: li (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /li˨˧/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 離
Mandarin	Beijing	/li˧˥/
	Harbin	/li˨˦/
	Tianjin	/li˦˥/
	Jinan	/li˦˨/
	Qingdao	/li˦˨/
	Zhengzhou	/li˦˨/ ～婚 /li˧˩˨/ ～開
	Xi'an	/li˨˦/ ～別 /li˦˦/ ～開
	Xining	/l̩˨˦/
	Yinchuan	/li˥˧/
	Lanzhou	/li˥˧/
	Ürümqi	/li˥˩/
	Wuhan	/ni˨˩˧/
	Chengdu	/ni˧˩/
	Guiyang	/ni˨˩/
	Kunming	/li˧˩/
	Nanjing	/li˨˦/ /li˦˦/
	Hefei	/zz̩˥˥/
Jin	Taiyuan	/li˩˩/
	Pingyao	/li˩˧/ ～別 /li˧˥/ 分開了
	Hohhot	/li˧˩/
Wu	Shanghai	/li˨˧/
	Suzhou	/li˩˧/
	Hangzhou	/li˩˧/
	Wenzhou	/lei˧˩/
Hui	Shexian	/li˦˦/
Hui	Tunxi	/li˦˦/
Xiang	Changsha	/li˩˧/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ni˩˨/
Gan	Nanchang	/li˦˥/
Hakka	Meixian	/li˩˩/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/li˩˩/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/lei˨˩/
	Nanning	/li˨˩/
	Hong Kong	/lei˨˩/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/li˧˥/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/lie˥˧/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/li˦˦/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/li˥˥/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/li˧˩/

Middle Chinese: /liᴇ/, /liᴇ^H/▼

Rime
Character	離	離
Reading #	1/3	2/3
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	支 (11)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	呂支切	力智切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇ/	/liᴇ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛ/	/liɛ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ljɛ/	/ljɛ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liə̆/	/liə̆^H/
Li Rong	/lie/	/lie^H/
Wang Li	/lǐe/	/lǐe^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/lie̯/	/lie̯^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lí	lì

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]aj/, /*raj-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*rel/, /*rels/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	離	離	離
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lí	lí	lì
Middle Chinese	‹ lje ›	‹ lje ›	‹ lje^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]aj/	/*[r]aj/	/*raj-s/
English	meet with, encounter	depart from	reject
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	離	離
Reading #	2/3	3/3
No.	7780	7794
Phonetic component	离	离
Rime group	歌	歌
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	離	詈
Old Chinese	/*rel/	/*rels/
Notes	甲文象隹入網羅，離反爲省文

DefinitionsEdit

離

to leave, to depart
to go away
to separate
away from
3rd of the 8 trigrams
30th hexagram of the I Ching

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 離

ReferencesEdit

“離”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Pronunciation 2Edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lì (li⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: lì
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
  - Wade–Giles: lih⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lì
  - IPA ^(key): /li˥˩/

Middle Chinese: /lei^H/▼

Rime
Character	離
Reading #	3/3
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	郎計切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lei^H/
Pan Wuyun	/lei^H/
Shao Rongfen	/lɛi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɛj^H/
Li Rong	/lei^H/
Wang Li	/liei^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/liei^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lì

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*reːls/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	離
Reading #	1/3
No.	7779
Phonetic component	离
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	麗
Old Chinese	/*reːls/

DefinitionsEdit

離

Used in 離枝／离枝 (lízhī).
Alternative form of 麗／丽 (lì, “to adhere”).

Pronunciation 3Edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lǐ (li³)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: lǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˇ
  - Wade–Giles: lih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lii
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lǐ
  - IPA ^(key): /li˨˩˦/

DefinitionsEdit

離

Only used in 離跂／离跂.

Pronunciation 4Edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chī (chi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄔ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: chī
  - Zhuyin: ㄔ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ih¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chy
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chih
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩˥/

DefinitionsEdit

離

Alternative form of 螭 (chī, “a kind of dragon”).
Alternative form of 离 (chī, “a kind of legendary beast”).

Pronunciation 5Edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gǔ (gu³)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: gǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ
  - Wade–Giles: ku³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guu
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gǔ
  - IPA ^(key): /ku˨˩˦/

DefinitionsEdit

離

Only used in 離瞀／离瞀.

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 離

離

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: り (ri, Jōyō)
Kan-on: り (ri, Jōyō)
Kun: はなれる (hanareru, 離れる, Jōyō); はなす (hanasu, 離す, Jōyō); つく (tsuku, 離く)

CompoundsEdit

乖離 (かいり) (kairi)
距離 (きょり) (kyori)
不即不離 (ふそくふり) (fusokufuri)
分離 (ぶんり) (bunri): isolation
離間 (りかん) (rikan)
離婚 (りこん) (rikon)
離脱 (りだつ) (ridatsu)
離別 (りべつ) (ribetsu)
幽体離脱 (ゆうたいりだつ) (yūtai ridatsu): out-of-body experience
体外離脱 (たいがいりだつ) (taigai ridatsu): out-of-body experience

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

離 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)

leave, separation, departure, division

CompoundsEdit

이간질 (離間 질, iganjil): to come between, alienate something from the other(s)
이혼 (離婚, ihon): divorce
이별 (離別, ibyeol): (long term) farewell, parting
난리 (亂離, nalli): fuss, mess, panic

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

離: Hán Nôm readings: li, ly, le, lè, lì, lìa, lia

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

Nom Foundation

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=離&oldid=53703345"