Wiktionary

缺

See also: 欠
缺 U+7F3A, 缺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F3A
← 缹
[U+7F39] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 缻 →
[U+7F3B]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

缺 (Kangxi radical 121, 缶+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人山木大 (OUDK), four-corner 85730, composition ⿰缶夬)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 945, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28122
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1385, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2936, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+7F3A

Chinese edit

trad. 缺
simp. # 缺
2nd round simp. 夬
alternative forms 缼
𦈫
𧖫
𡙇
𡚆

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (夬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
袂 *mɡʷeds
夬 *kʷraːds
快 *kʰʷraːds
駃 *kʰʷraːds, *kʷeːd
筷 *kʰʷraːds
炔 *kʷeːds
觖 *kʰʷeds, *kʷeːd
缺 *kʰʷed, *kʰʷeːd
蒛 *kʰʷed
吷 *qʰʷed
妜 *qʷed, *qʷeːd
決 *kʷeːd, *qʰʷeːd
訣 *kʷeːd
抉 *kʷeːd, *qʷeːd
玦 *kʷeːd
芵 *kʷeːd
赽 *kʷeːd
鴂 *kʷeːd
鈌 *kʷeːd
决 *kʷeːd
疦 *kʷeːd, *qʰʷeːd
蚗 *kʷeːd
趹 *kʷeːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷed, *kʰʷeːd) : semantic 缶 (“earthen pot”) + phonetic 夬 (OC *kʷraːds).

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • kiék - “incomplete”;
  • kuók - “to lack”.
Note:
  • kheh/kherh/khoeh - vernacular (“to lack; vacancy”);
  • khih - vernacular (“chipped part; classifier”);
  • khoat - literary (“incomplete; imperfect”).
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 缺
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰye²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰyə²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰyə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰyɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰyɛ²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕʰyu⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰye¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰyə¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰyɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰye²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰye³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰie²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰiɛ³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰyeʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰyɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰyaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
/t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰyeʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕʰye²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰyæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰyɵʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kʰiat̚¹/
Taoyuan /kʰiet̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰyt̚³/
Nanning /kʰyt̚³³/
Hong Kong /kʰyt̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kʰuat̚³²/
/kʰeʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰwoʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kʰyɛ²⁴/
/kʰiɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰueʔ²/
/kʰiʔ²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xi⁵⁵/
Rime
Character 缺 缺
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 溪 (29) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 先 (88) 仙 (82)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) IV III
Fanqie 苦穴切 傾雪切
Baxter khwet khjwiet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰwet̚/ /kʰiuᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰʷet̚/ /kʰʷiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰuɛt̚/ /kʰjuæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰwɛt̚/ /kʰwiat̚/
Li
Rong 		/kʰuet̚/ /kʰiuɛt̚/
Wang
Li 		/kʰiwet̚/ /kʰĭuɛt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰiwet̚/ /kʰi̯wɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		que que
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hyut3 hyut3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 缺
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		quē
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khwet ›
Old
Chinese 		/*Nə-[k]ʷʰˁet/
English break; defective

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 缺 缺
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 4412 4430
Phonetic
component 		夬 夬
Rime
group 		月 月
Rime
subdivision 		2 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		缺 闋
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰʷed/ /*kʰʷeːd/

Definitions edit

缺

  1. incomplete; uncompleted; deficient
  2. imperfect; flawed
  3. to lack; to be short of
  4. to be absent
  5. vacancy; gap; deficit
  6. (colloquial) to be mean; to be wicked
  7. (colloquial) to be stupid; to be dense
  8. (Hokkien) chipped part; broken edge (on a bowl, cup, etc.)
  9. (Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for chipped parts on the edge of a container.

Synonyms edit

  • (incomplete):

Antonyms edit

  • (antonym(s) of "imperfect"):

Compounds edit

References edit

Japanese edit

Shinjitai

欠

Kyūjitai

缺

Kanji edit

缺

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 欠)

  1. lack
  2. gap
  3. fail

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Usage notes edit

In modern Japanese, 缺 is mostly replaced by 欠, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.

Japanese terms with 缺 replaced by daiyōji 欠
欠席

Korean edit

Hanja edit

缺 (eumhun 이지러질 결 (ijireojil gyeol))

  1. Hanja form? of 결 (“be short of, lack”).
  2. Hanja form? of 결 (“gap, deficit”).

Compounds edit

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

缺: Hán Nôm readings: khuyết

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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