雪

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

雪 (radical 173, 雨+3, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一月尸一 (MBSM), four-corner 1017₇ or 1017₄, composition ⿱雨彐(GJ) or ⿱雨⿻コ一(HTK))

Derived charactersEdit

𠽌, 𡐅, 𡠭, 𢳬, 膤, 樰, 𬎅, 𫟀, 𫃽, 艝, 轌, 鱈(鳕), 𠞯, 𫕣, 𬝹, 𤍱

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 1371, character 29
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42216
Dae Jaweon: page 1878, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4058, character 4
Unihan data for U+96EA

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		雪
alternative forms		䨮 ancient form ⿱⻗慧彐 second round simplified

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 雪
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (彗) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
櫘	*sqʰʷeds
彗	sɢʷeds, ɢʷeds, *sɢʷids
篲	*sɢʷeds
鏏	*sɢʷeds
槥	sɢʷeds, ɢʷeds
轊	sɢʷeds, ɢʷeds
熭	ɢʷeds, ɢʷad
嘒	*qʰʷeːds
暳	*qʰʷeːds
嚖	*qʰʷeds
慧	*ɡʷeːds
蔧	*sɢʷids
雪	*sqʰʷed

Ancient simplification of 䨮, which is in turn phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sqʰʷed): semantic 雨 + phonetic 彗 (OC *sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds, *sɢʷids).

EtymologyEdit

Schuessler (2007) considers this to be related to Kra-Dai words: Proto-Tai *hnəiᴬ¹ (“snow”), Proto-Kam-Sui *ʔnuːi¹ (“snow”).

Starostin reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *suăt (“snow”), comparing this with Tibetan སད (sad, “frost, cold air, cold, coldness”), but this connection may be unlikely considering the phonetic part of this character.

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xuě (xue³)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝˇ

(Chengdu, SP): xue²

(Dungan, Cyrillic): щүә (xüə, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): syut³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhut²
Gan (Wiktionary): xyot⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): siet

(Meixian, Guangdong): xiêd⁵
Jin (Wiktionary): xyeh⁴
Min Bei (KCR): sṳĕ
Min Dong (BUC): siók
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): seh / serh / soat

(Teochew, Peng'im): soh⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): xiq (T4)
Xiang (Wiktionary): sie⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: xuě
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˇ
  - Wade–Giles: hsüeh³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheue
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syuě
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕɥɛ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xue²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xye
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕye²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: щүә (xüə, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyə²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: syut³
  - Yale: syut
  - Cantonese Pinyin: syt⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: xud³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʃyːt̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhut²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬut̚⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: xyot⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyɵt̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siet
  - Hakka Romanization System: xied`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xiad⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi̯et̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xiêd⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕiɛt̚¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xyeh⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕyəʔ²/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳĕ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /syɛ²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siók
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suɔʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seh
  - Tâi-lô: seh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /seʔ³²/
  - IPA (Jinjiang): /seʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: serh
  - Tâi-lô: serh
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /səʔ⁵/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /səʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soat
  - Tâi-lô: suat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: soad
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /suat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /suat̚³²/

Note:

serh/seh - vernacular;
soat - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: soh⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: soh
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /soʔ²/

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: xiq (T4)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: sie⁶
- Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /sie̞²⁴/
- Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕie̞²⁴/

Middle Chinese: /siuᴇt̚/

Rime
Character	雪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	薛 (82)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	相絕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siuᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/sʷiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sjuæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/swiat̚/
Li Rong	/siuɛt̚/
Wang Li	/sĭuɛt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯wɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xue
Expected Cantonese Reflex	syut³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ot/

(Zhengzhang): /*sqʰʷed/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	雪
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xuě
Middle Chinese	‹ sjwet ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ot/
English	snow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	雪
Reading #	1/1
No.	5477
Phonetic component	彗
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	雪
Old Chinese	/*sqʰʷed/

DefinitionsEdit

雪

snow
下雪 ― xiàxuě ― to snow
^† to snow
- 晚來天欲雪，能飲一杯無？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  晚来天欲雪，能饮一杯无？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 白居易《問劉十九》
  Wǎn lái tiān yù xuě, néng yǐn yī bēi wú? [Pinyin]
  Night comes and the sky seems like it might snow; could you drink a cup?
to wipe away; to clean
- 朝食後，告辭天只前，則教「以好赴，大雪國辱。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  朝食后，告辞天只前，则教“以好赴，大雪国辱。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 1594, 李舜臣 (Yi Sun-sin), 《亂中日記》 (War Diary of Admiral Yi)
  Zhāoshí hòu, gàocí tiānzhǐ qián, zé jiào “yǐ hǎo fù, dà xuě guórǔ.” [Pinyin]
  After the morning meal, I said my farewells to Mother. Then she instructed me: "Go well; fully cleanse [the country of this] national humiliation."
(dialectal) ice; product containing ice
(Cantonese) to refrigerate; to store in the refrigerator
(Malaysia, Singapore) Short for 雪蘭莪／雪兰莪 (Xuělán'é, “Selangor”).

SynonymsEdit

Dialectal synonyms of 雪 (“snow”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		雪
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		雪
Mandarin	Beijing	雪
	Taiwan	雪
	Jinan	雪
	Xi'an	雪
	Wuhan	雪
	Chengdu	雪
	Guilin	雪
	Yangzhou	雪
	Hefei	雪
Cantonese	Guangzhou	雪
	Hong Kong	雪
	Yangjiang	雪
Gan	Nanchang	雪
Hakka	Meixian	雪
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	雪
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	雪
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	雪
	Dongshi (Dabu)	雪
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	雪
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	雪
Jin	Taiyuan	雪
Min Bei	Jian'ou	雪
Min Dong	Fuzhou	雪
Min Nan	Xiamen	雪
	Guilin (Biyange)	雪
	Chaozhou	雪
	Shantou	雪
	Jieyang	雪
	Pontianak (Teochew)	雪
Xiang	Changsha	雪
Xiang	Shuangfeng	雪

Dialectal synonyms of 下雪 (“to snow”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		雨雪, 雪
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		下雪, 降雪
Mandarin	Beijing	下雪
	Taiwan	下雪
	Tianjin	下雪
	Tangshan	下雪, 落雪
	Cangzhou	下雪
	Shijiazhuang	下雪
	Ulanhot	下雪
	Tongliao	下雪
	Chifeng	下雪
	Bayanhot	下雪, 飄雪
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	下雪
	Harbin	下雪
	Shenyang	下雪
	Muping	下雪
	Qingdao	下雪
	Jinan	下雪, 落雪
	Luoyang	下雪, 落雪
	Wanrong	下雪
	Zhengzhou	下雪
	Xi'an	下雪
	Yinchuan	下雪
	Lanzhou	下雪
	Xining	下雪
	Ürümqi	下雪
	Wuhan	下雪, 落雪
	Huanggang	落雪
	Chengdu	下雪, 落雪
	Chongqing	落雪
	Guiyang	下雪
	Kunming	下雪
	Guilin	下雪
	Lingui	下雪
	Liuzhou	下雪
	Liuzhou (Luorong)	下雪
	Xuzhou	下雪
	Yangzhou	下雪
	Nanjing	下雪
	Hefei	下雪
	Nantong	落雪
	Qimen (Anling Junhua)	落雪, 下雪
	Singapore	下雪
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	下雪
	Dagudi (Maliba)	下雪
	Reshuitang (Longling)	下雪
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	下雪
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	下雪
	Oudomxay	下雪
Cantonese	Guangzhou	落雪
	Hong Kong	落雪
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	降雪
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	落雪
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	落雪
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	落雪
	Macau	落雪
	Panyu	落雪
	Huadu (Huashan)	落雪
	Conghua	落雪
	Zengcheng	落雪
	Foshan	落雪
	Nanhai (Shatou)	落雪
	Shunde	落雪
	Sanshui	落雪
	Gaoming (Mingcheng)	落雪
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	落雪
	Zhongshan (Chongkoumen Tanka)	落雪
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	落雪
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	落雪
	Doumen	落雪
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	落雪
	Xinhui	落雪
	Taishan	落雪
	Taishan (Guanghai)	下雪, 落雪
	Kaiping (Chikan)	落雪
	Enping (Niujiang)	落雪
	Heshan (Yayao)	落雪
	Dongguan	落雪
	Bao'an (Shajing)	落雪
	Shaoguan	落雪
	Yunfu	落雪
	Yangjiang	落雪
	Xinyi	落雪
	Lianjiang	落雪
	Nanning	落雪
	Guiping	落雪
	Mengshan (Xihe)	落雪
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	落雪
	Beiliu	落雪
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	落雪
	Baise	落雪
	Bobai	落雪
	Lingshan	落雪
	Pubei	落雪
	Qinzhou	落雪
	Beihai	落雪
	Ningming	落雪
	Hengxian	落雪
	Hezhou (Pumen)	落雪
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	落雪
	Sarikei (Xinhui)	落雪
	Singapore (Guangfu)	落雪
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	落雪
	Mandalay (Taishan)	下雪
Gan	Nanchang	落雪
	Lichuan	落雪
	Pingxiang	落雪
	Poyang	落雪
	Yugan	落雪
	Wannian	落雪
	Yiyang	落雪
	Hengfeng	落雪
	Yanshan	落雪
Hakka	Meixian	落雪
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	落雪
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	落雪
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	落雪
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	落雪
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	落雪
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	落雪
	Wuhua (Changbu)	落雪
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	落雪
	Conghua (Lütian)	落雪
	Jiexi	落雪
	Luhe	落雪
	Liancheng (Peitian)	落雪
	Yudu	落雪
	Shicheng	落雪
	Shangyou	落雪
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	落雪
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	落雪
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	落雪
	Dongshi (Dabu)	落雪
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	落雪
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	落雪
	Hong Kong	落雪
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	落雪
	Xingye (Gaofeng)	落雪
	Mashan (Pianlian)	落雪
	Sabah (Longchuan)	落雪
	Senai (Huiyang)	落雪
	Singkawang	落雪
	Bangkok (Meixian)	落雪
Huizhou	Jixi	落雪
	Shexian	落雪
	Tunxi	落雪
	Xiuning	落雪
	Yixian	落雪
	Qimen	落雪
	Qimen (Anling Minhua)	落雪
	Wuyuan	落雪
	Dexing	落雪
Jin	Taiyuan	下雪
	Pingyao	下雪
	Datong	下雪
	Yunzhou (Xicetian)	下雪
	Xinzhou	下雪
	Changzhi	下雪
	Taibus (Baochang)	下雪
	Linhe	下雪
	Jining	下雪
	Hohhot	下雪
	Baotou	下雪
	Dongsheng	下雪
	Haibowan	下雪
	Zhangjiakou	下雪
	Handan	下雪
Min Bei	Jian'ou	落雪
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	落雪
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	落雪
	Pucheng (Shibei)	落雪
Min Dong	Fuzhou	盪雪, 落雪
	Fuqing	落雪
	Matsu	落雪
Min Nan	Xiamen	落雪
	Quanzhou	落雪
	Zhangzhou	落雪
	Taipei	落雪 GT
	Penang (Hokkien)	落霜
	Singapore (Hokkien)	落雪
	Manila (Hokkien)	落雪
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	落雪
	Guilin (Biyange)	落雪
	Chaozhou	落雪
	Shantou	落雪
	Chenghai	落雪
	Jieyang	落雪
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	落雪
	Singapore (Teochew)	落雪
	Pontianak (Teochew)	落雪
	Leizhou	落雪
	Haikou	落雪
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	落雪
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	落雪
	Nanning (Shajing)	落雪
	Binyang (Xinqiao)	落雪
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Chaoyang)	落雪
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	下雪
	Lingui (Wutong)	下雪, 落雪
	Lingchuan (Tanxia)	下雪
	Yangshuo (Jima)	下雪
Wu	Shanghai	落雪
	Chongming	落雪
	Suzhou	落雪
	Danyang	落雪
	Hangzhou	落雪
	Ningbo	落雪
	Wenzhou	落雪
	Jinhua	落雪
	Shangrao	落雪
	Guangfeng	落雪
	Yushan	落雪
Xiang	Changsha	落雪
	Shuangfeng	落雪
	Xiangtan	落雪
	Loudi	落雪
	Quanzhou	落雪
	Guanyang (Wenshi)	落雪
	Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao)	落雪
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Dialectal synonyms of 冰 (“ice”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		冰, 凌
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		冰
Mandarin	Beijing	冰
	Taiwan	冰
	Tianjin	冰
	Tangshan	冰
	Cangzhou	冰
	Baoding	冰
	Shijiazhuang	冰
	Chifeng	冰, 冰冰
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	冰
	Harbin	冰
	Shenyang	冰, 凍
	Muping	冰
	Qingdao	冰
	Weifang (Weicheng)	凍凍
	Weifang (Fangzi)	凍凍
	Weifang (Hanting)	凍凍
	Changyi	凍凍
	Gaomi	凍凍
	Zhucheng	凍凍
	Anqiu	凍凍
	Changle	凍凍
	Linqu	凍凍
	Qingzhou	凍凍
	Shouguang	凍凍
	Rizhao	凍凍
	Wulian	凍凍
	Jinan	冰, 凍凍
	Luoyang	冰, 冰凌
	Wanrong	冬凌
	Zhengzhou	冰
	Xi'an	冰
	Dingbian	冰
	Yinchuan	冰
	Lanzhou	冰, 凍
	Xining	冰
	Ürümqi	冰
	Wuhan	凌, 凌冰, 冰, 凍
	Hong'an	凌冰
	Chengdu	冰, 凌冰, 凌冰兒
	Muli	凌冰子
	Chongqing	冰, 凌冰兒
	Guiyang	冰, 凌冰 in nature
	Kunming	冰凌
	Guilin	冰
	Pingle	冰
	Liuzhou	冰
	Luzhai	冰
	Wuming	冰
	Binyang (Nanjie)	冰
	Yizhou	冰
	Luocheng (Dongmen)	冰
	Tianlin (Langping)	凝
	Xiangzhou (Nalu)	冰
	Xuzhou	凍凍, 冰冰, 冰
	Yangzhou	冰
	Nanjing	冰, 凍
	Hefei	冰凍, 冰
	Chuzhou	冰凍
	Nantong	凍
	Qimen (Anling Junhua)	冰凍
	Singapore	冰
	Reshuitang (Longling)	冰
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	冰
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	冰
Oudomxay	冰棒
Mikhaylovka (Taz)	冰
Cantonese	Guangzhou	雪, 冰
	Hong Kong	冰, 雪
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	冰
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	冰
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	冰
	Zhongshan (Chongkoumen Tanka)	冰, 雪
	Taishan	冰
	Taishan (Guanghai)	冰, 雪
	Dongguan	冰, 雪
	Yangjiang	冰
	Wuzhou	冰
	Yulin	冰
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	冰
	Hepu (Shatian)	冰
	Guiping (Jintian)	冰
	Guiping (Jiangkou)	冰
	Guiping (Madong)	冰
	Beiliu	冰
	Baise	冰
	Qinzhou	冰
	Qinzhou (Changtan)	冰
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	冰
	Beihai	冰
	Beihai (Nankang)	冰
	Beihai (Yingpan)	冰
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	冰
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	冰
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	冰
	Chongzuo (Laituan)	冰, 霜 dated
	Fusui (Qujiu)	冰, 霜 dated
	Lingchuan (Yangjia)	冰
	Danzhou	冰
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	冰
	Singapore (Guangfu)	冰
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	冰
	Móng Cái	冰
	Yangon (Taishan)	冰
	Mandalay (Taishan)	冰
Gan	Nanchang	冰, 冰凌
	Lichuan	冰凌
	Pingxiang	冰, 凌冰 dated; in nature
	Yanshan	冰
	Pengze	凌冰
Hakka	Meixian	凝, 冰
	Xingning	凝餅
	Huidong (Daling)	凝
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	冰
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	冰
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	硬凝
	Wuhua (Changbu)	凝
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	冰
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	冰
	Wengyuan	冰
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	硬凝
	Liannan	冰
	Jiexi	冰
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	冰
	Changting	凌冰
	Wuping	凌冰
	Wuping (Yanqian)	凌冰
	Wuping (Pingyu)	硬凝
	Liancheng	凌冰
	Liancheng (Peitian)	凌冰
	Ninghua	凌冰
	Yudu	冰
	Ningdu	凌冰
	Ruijin	凌冰
	Shicheng	凌冰
	Shangyou	硬構
	Tonggu (Sandu)	凌冰
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	凌冰
	Dayu	凌冰
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	冰
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	冰
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	冰
	Dongshi (Dabu)	冰
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	冰
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	冰
	Hong Kong	冰
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	冰
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	冰
	Xinyi (Sihe)	雪
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	冰
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	冰
	Dianbai (Shalang)	冰
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	冰
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	冰
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	冰
	Mengshan (Xihe)	冰
	Luchuan	冰
	Bobai (Shahe)	冰
	Bobai (Longtan)	冰
	Bobai (Lingping)	冰
	Beiliu (Gonghe)	冰
	Xingye (Gaofeng)	冰
	Lingui (Xiaojiang)	冰
	Pingle (Tong'an)	冰
	Yangshuo (Jinbao)	冰
	Senai (Huiyang)	冰
	Singkawang	雪
	Pontianak (Meixian)	雪
Huizhou	Jixi	冰, 凍冰
	Shexian (Xianggao)	冰
	Shexian (Daguyun)	冰, 凍冰
	Qimen (Anling Minhua)	冰凍
Jin	Taiyuan	冰, 冰凌
	Datong	冰
	Yunzhou	冰
	Yunzhou (Xicetian)	冰凌
	Xinzhou	冬蠟
	Changzhi	冰凌
	Linhe	冰
	Jining	冰
	Hohhot	冰
	Handan	冰
Min Bei	Jian'ou	冰, 霜冰
Min Bei	Pucheng (Shibei)	冰
Min Dong	Fuzhou	冰
Min Dong	Gutian	冰
Min Nan	Xiamen	冰, 霜
	Quanzhou	冰, 霜
	Zhangzhou	冰, 霜
	Tainan	冰
	Penang (Hokkien)	霜, 冰
	Singapore (Hokkien)	霜, 冰
	Manila (Hokkien)	霜
	Pingnan (Pingtian)	冰
	Guiping (Xiaowen)	冰
	Guiping (Dongsheng)	冰
	Guilin (Biyange)	冰
	Chaozhou	霜, 冰
	Shantou	冰
	Jieyang	冰
	Bangkok (Teochew)	霜水
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	冰
	Pontianak (Teochew)	冰
	Wenchang	冰
	Haikou	冰
Min Zhong	Yong'an	霜冰
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	冰
	Nanning (Gejiayuan)	冰
	Nanning (Zhegulu)	冰
	Nanning (Silian)	冰
	Nanning (Xiuxiang)	冰
	Binyang	冰
	Chongzuo (Laituan)	冰
Northern Pinghua	Lingui (Wutong)	冰
	Lingui (Liutang)	冰
	Lingchuan (Sanjie)	冰
	Lingchuan (Gaoqiao)	冰
	Guanyang (Guanyinge)	雪
Shehua	Fu'an	冰
	Fuding	冰
	Luoyuan	冰
	Sanming	冰
	Shunchang	冰
	Hua'an	冰
	Guixi (Zhangping)	冰
	Cangnan	冰
	Jingning	冰
	Lishui	冰
	Longyou	冰
	Chaozhou	冰
	Fengshun	雪
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	涼槓
Waxiang	Luxi (Liangjiatan)	凝鉤子
Wu	Shanghai	冰
	Chongming	冰
	Baoshan (Shuangcaodun)	冰
	Baoshan (Luodian)	冰
	Pudong (Zhoupu)	冰
	Songjiang	冰
	Suzhou	冰
	Wujiang (Lili)	冰
	Wujiang (Shengze)	冰
	Wuxi	冰
	Changshu	冰, 冰凍
	Kunshan	冰
	Jiaxing	冰
	Changzhou	冰, 結冰
	Liyang	冰
	Yixing	冰
	Danyang	冰, 凍
	Danyang (Tongjiaqiao)	冰
	Jingjiang	冰
	Jiangyin	冰
	Huzhou (Shuanglin)	冰
	Hangzhou	冰
	Fuyang	冰
	Shaoxing	冰
	Zhuji (Wangjiajing)	冰凍
	Shengzhou (Chongren)	冰
	Shengzhou (Taiping)	冰
	Ningbo	冰
	Yuyao	冰
	Huangyan	冰
	Wenzhou	冰, 霜冰 in nature
	Quzhou	冰
	Jinhua	冰
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	冰
	Yongkang	冰
Xiang	Changsha	凌, 凌冰 in nature
	Shuangfeng	構冷子
	Xiangxiang	冰
	Xiangxiang (Meiqiao)	凌構子
	Hengshan	冰
	Hengshan (Baiguo)	冰
	Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao)	冰, 凌, 凌構

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 雪

一雪前恥／一雪前耻 (yīxuěqiánchǐ)
似雪
冰雪 (bīngxuě)
大雪 (dàxuě)
小雪 (xiǎoxuě)
昭雪 (zhāoxuě)
暴風雪／暴风雪 (bàofēngxuě)
沉冤昭雪 (chényuānzhāoxuě)
洗雪 (xǐxuě)
浣雪
湔雪 (jiānxuě)
湔雪前恥／湔雪前耻 (jiānxuěqiánchǐ)
滑雪 (huáxuě)
瑞雪 (ruìxuě)
申雪 (shēnxuě)
白雪 (báixuě)
積雪／积雪 (jīxuě)
紫雪 (zǐxuě)
聚螢映雪／聚萤映雪
融雪
踏雪
雪上加霜 (xuěshàngjiāshuāng)
雪中送炭 (xuězhōngsòngtàn)
雪亮 (xuěliàng)
雪人 (xuěrén)
雪冤 (xuěyuān)
雪原 (xuěyuán)

雪地 (xuědì)
雪城 (Xuěchéng)
雪堆 (xuěduī)
雪壓／雪压
雪字底 (xuězìdǐ)
雪山 (xuěshān)
雪山林
雪峰
雪崩 (xuěbēng)
雪恥／雪耻 (xuěchǐ)
雪恨 (xuěhèn)
雪文 (sap-bûn) (Min Nan)
雪景 (xuějǐng)
雪暴 (xuěbào)
雪松
雪板 (xuěbǎn)
雪條／雪条
雪梨 (xuělí)
雪梨酒
雪橇 (xuěqiāo)
雪櫃／雪柜 (xuěguì)
雪泥
雪災／雪灾 (xuězāi)
雪片 (xuěpiàn)
雪球 (xuěqiú)
雪白 (xuěbái)
雪盲 (xuěmáng)

雪碧 (Xuěbì)
雪窖冰天
雪糕 (xuěgāo)
雪紡／雪纺 (xuěfǎng, “chiffon”)
雪線／雪线 (xuěxiàn)
雪膽／雪胆 (xuědǎn)
雪花 (xuěhuā)
雪花膏 (xuěhuāgāo)
雪茄 (xuějiā)
雪蓮／雪莲 (xuělián)
雪蓮花／雪莲花
雪裡送炭／雪里送炭
雪裡開／雪里开
雪豹 (xuěbào)
雪貂 (xuědiāo)
雪路
雪車／雪车 (xuěchē)
雪里蕻
雪野
雪鐵龍／雪铁龙
雪雀 (xuěquè)
雪青 (xuěqīng)
雪鞋 (xuěxié)
雪頓／雪顿
雪頓節／雪顿节 (Xuědùnjié)
雪魚／雪鱼 (xuěyú)
飛雪／飞雪

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (雪):

→ Vietnamese: tuyết (雪)

Others:

→ Zhuang: siet

ReferencesEdit

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04469
“雪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

雪

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: せち (sechi)
Kan-on: せつ (setsu, Jōyō)
Kun: ゆき (yuki, 雪, Jōyō); すすぐ (susugu, 雪ぐ); そそぐ (sosogu, 雪ぐ)
Nanori: ぶき (buki); せ (se); きよ (kiyo); きよみ (kiyomi); まよむ (mayomu)

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

雪(せつ)冤(えん) (setsuen)
雪(せっ)花(か)菜(さい) (sekkasai)
雪(せっ)渓(けい) (sekkei)
雪(せつ)月(げっ)花(か) (setsugekka)
雪(せつ)原(げん) (setsugen, “snow field”)
雪(せつ)辱(じょく) (setsujoku, “vindication, revenge”)
雪(せっ)駄(た), 雪(せっ)踏(た) (setta)
雪(せっ)隠(ちん) (setchin)
雪(せっ)洞(とう) (settō)
雪(せつ)洞(どう) (setsudō)
雪(せっ)膚(ぷ) (seppu)
雪(せっ)片(ぺん) (seppen)
回(かい)雪(せつ) (kaisetsu)
蛍(けい)雪(せつ) (keisetsu)
降(こう)雪(せつ) (kōsetsu)
豪(ごう)雪(せつ) (gōsetsu)
残(ざん)雪(せつ) (zansetsu)
春(しゅん)雪(せつ) (shunsetsu)
除(じょ)雪(せつ) (josetsu)
小(しょう)雪(せつ) (shōsetsu)
新(しん)雪(せつ) (shinsetsu)
積(せき)雪(せつ) (sekisetsu)
早(そう)雪(せつ) (sōsetsu)
霜(そう)雪(せつ) (sōsetsu)
大(たい)雪(せつ) (taisetsu)
眉(び)雪(せつ) (bisetsu)
氷(ひょう)雪(せつ) (hyōsetsu)
風(ふう)雪(せつ) (fūsetsu)
雪花菜(おから) (okara), 雪花菜(きらず) (kirazu)
雪崩(なだれ) (nadare, “avalanche”)
雪洞(ぼんぼり) (bonbori, “paper lamp”)
吹(ふ)雪(ぶき) (fubuki)

EtymologyEdit

Kanji in this term
雪
ゆき Grade: 2
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 雪 – see the following entry.

【ゆき】

[noun] snow

[noun] something white as snow

[noun] white hair

[noun] shaved ice

[noun] small pieces of paper used to imitate snow

[noun] (archaic women's speech) a turnip or daikon

[noun] (archaic women's speech) Abbreviation of 鱈 (tara): a codfish

[noun] a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of snowflakes

[noun] This term needs a translation to English.

[proper noun] This term needs a translation to English.

[proper noun] a female given name

(This term, 雪, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

KoreanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese 雪 (MC siuᴇt̚).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᄉᆑᇙ〮 (Yale: syyélq)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527^[2]	눈〯 (Yale: nwǔn)	셜〮 (Yale: syél)

PronunciationEdit

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰʌ̹ɭ]
Phonetic hangul: [설]

HanjaEdit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

雪

Wikisource

雪 (eumhun 눈 설 (nun seol))

Hanja form^? of 설 (“snow”). [affix]

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

백설 (白雪, baekseol)
제설 (除雪, jeseol)
폭설 (暴雪, pokseol)
설경 (雪慶, seolgyeong)
설욕 (雪辱, seoryok)
설산 (雪山, seolsan)
설원 (雪原, seorwon)
적설 (積雪, jeokseol)
설탕 (雪糖, seoltang)
초설 (初雪, choseol)
설농탕 (雪濃湯, seollongtang)
강설량 (降雪量, gangseollyang)

ReferencesEdit

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Old JapaneseEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 C.E..

Reconstructed by some as deriving from Proto-Japonic *yoki.

NounEdit

雪 (yuki₁) (kana ゆき)

snow
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 822), text here
  和何則能尓宇米能波奈知流比佐可多能阿米欲里由吉能那何列久流加母
  wa ga so₂no₂ ni ume₂ no₂ pana tiru pi₁sakata no₂ ame₂ yo₁ri yuki₁ no₂ nagarekuru ka mo
  In my garden, the plum blossoms fall, as if snow were streaming down from the [eternal?] heavens.

Derived termsEdit

Derived terms

雪解, 雪消 (yuki₁ge₂)
雪じもの (yuki₁zimono₂)
泡雪, 沫雪 (awayuki₁)
大雪 (opoyuki₁)
霜雪 (simoyuki₁)
白雪 (sirayuki₁)
降る雪の (puru yuki₁ no₂, pillow word)
御雪 (mi₁-yuki₁)

DescendantsEdit

Japanese: 雪 (ゆき, yuki)

Etymology 2Edit

Found once in the Man'yōshū in a so-called 東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern song”) in the eastern dialect of Old Japanese.

Probably a misspelling of original ⟨yo₁ki₁⟩, given the Western and modern reflexes. Compare 夜 (yo₁ → yu, “night”).

NounEdit

雪 (yo₂ki₁) (kana よき)

(regional, Eastern Old Japanese) snow
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 14, poem 3423), text here
  可美都氣努伊可抱乃祢呂尓布路与伎能遊吉須宜可提奴伊毛賀伊敝乃安多里
  Kami₁tuke₂no₁ Ikapo no₂ nero₂ ni puro₁ yo₂ki₁ no₂ yuki₁sugi₂katenu imo ga ipe₁ no₂ atari
  Like in Kamitsukeno, on the peak of Ikaho, the falling snow: impassible, near my girl's house

雪

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

SynonymsEdit

CompoundsEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

EtymologyEdit

KoreanEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

HanjaEdit

CompoundsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Old JapaneseEdit

Etymology 1Edit

NounEdit

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

ReferencesEdit