雪
See also: 𩁿
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TranslingualEdit
| Stroke order | |||
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Han characterEdit
雪 (radical 173, 雨+3, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一月尸一 (MBSM), four-corner 10177 or 10174, composition ⿱雨彐(GJ) or ⿱雨⿻コ一(HTK))
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1371, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42216
- Dae Jaweon: page 1878, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4058, character 4
- Unihan data for U+96EA
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
雪 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 䨮 ancient form ⿱⻗慧 彐 second round simplified | |
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 雪 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ancient simplification of 䨮, which is in turn phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sqʰʷed): semantic 雨 + phonetic 彗 (OC *sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds, *sɢʷids).
EtymologyEdit
Schuessler (2007) considers this to be related to Kra-Dai words: Proto-Tai *hnəiᴬ¹ (“snow”), Proto-Kam-Sui *ʔnuːi¹ (“snow”).
Starostin reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *suăt (“snow”), comparing this with Tibetan སད (sad, “frost, cold air, cold, coldness”), but this connection may be unlikely considering the phonetic part of this character.
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
雪
- snow
- 下雪 ― xiàxuě ― to snow
- † to snow
- to wipe away; to clean
- 朝食後，告辭天只前，則教「以好赴，大雪國辱。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1594, 李舜臣 (Yi Sun-sin), 《亂中日記》 (War Diary of Admiral Yi)
- Zhāoshí hòu, gàocí tiānzhǐ qián, zé jiào “yǐ hǎo fù, dà xuě guórǔ.” [Pinyin]
- After the morning meal, I said my farewells to Mother. Then she instructed me: "Go well; fully cleanse [the country of this] national humiliation."
朝食后，告辞天只前，则教“以好赴，大雪国辱。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (dialectal) ice; product containing ice
- (Cantonese) to refrigerate; to store in the refrigerator
- (Malaysia, Singapore) Short for 雪蘭莪／雪兰莪 (Xuělán'é, “Selangor”).
SynonymsEdit
Dialectal synonyms of 雪 (“snow”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 雪 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 雪 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 雪 |
| Taiwan | 雪 | |
| Jinan | 雪 | |
| Xi'an | 雪 | |
| Wuhan | 雪 | |
| Chengdu | 雪 | |
| Guilin | 雪 | |
| Yangzhou | 雪 | |
| Hefei | 雪 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 雪 |
| Hong Kong | 雪 | |
| Yangjiang | 雪 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 雪 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 雪 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 雪 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 雪 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 雪 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 雪 | |
| Hsinchu (Raoping) | 雪 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 雪 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 雪 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 雪 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 雪 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 雪 |
| Guilin (Biyange) | 雪 | |
| Chaozhou | 雪 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 雪 |
| Shuangfeng | 雪 | |
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 雪
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DescendantsEdit
Others:
- → Zhuang: siet
ReferencesEdit
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04469
- “雪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
雪
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: せち (sechi)
- Kan-on: せつ (setsu, Jōyō)
- Kun: ゆき (yuki, 雪, Jōyō); すすぐ (susugu, 雪ぐ); そそぐ (sosogu, 雪ぐ)
- Nanori: ぶき (buki); せ (se); きよ (kiyo); きよみ (kiyomi); まよむ (mayomu)
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
- 雪冤 (setsuen)
- 雪花菜 (sekkasai)
- 雪渓 (sekkei)
- 雪月花 (setsugekka)
- 雪原 (setsugen, “snow field”)
- 雪辱 (setsujoku, “vindication, revenge”)
- 雪駄, 雪踏 (setta)
- 雪隠 (setchin)
- 雪洞 (settō)
- 雪洞 (setsudō)
- 雪膚 (seppu)
- 雪片 (seppen)
- 回雪 (kaisetsu)
- 蛍雪 (keisetsu)
- 降雪 (kōsetsu)
- 豪雪 (gōsetsu)
- 残雪 (zansetsu)
- 春雪 (shunsetsu)
- 除雪 (josetsu)
- 小雪 (shōsetsu)
- 新雪 (shinsetsu)
- 積雪 (sekisetsu)
- 早雪 (sōsetsu)
- 霜雪 (sōsetsu)
- 大雪 (taisetsu)
- 眉雪 (bisetsu)
- 氷雪 (hyōsetsu)
- 風雪 (fūsetsu)
- 雪花菜 (okara), 雪花菜 (kirazu)
- 雪崩 (nadare, “avalanche”)
- 雪洞 (bonbori, “paper lamp”)
- 吹雪 (fubuki)
EtymologyEdit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雪 |
| ゆき Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 雪 – see the following entry. | ||
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| (This term, 雪, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 雪 (MC siuᴇt̚).
| Historical readings |
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PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰʌ̹ɭ]
- Phonetic hangeul: [설]
HanjaEdit
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
- 백설 (白雪, baekseol, “Snow White”)
- 제설 (除雪, jeseol, “snow removal”)
- 폭설 (暴雪, pokseol, “heavy snow”)
- 설경 (雪慶, seolgyeong, “snowy landscape”)
- 설욕 (雪辱, seoryok, “avenging; redeeming”)
- 설산 (雪山, seolsan, “snow-capped mountain”)
- 설원 (雪原, seorwon, “snowfield”)
- 적설 (積雪, jeokseol, “accumulated snow”)
- 설탕 (雪糖, seoltang, “sugar”)
- 초설 (初雪, choseol, “first snow”)
- 설농탕 (雪濃湯, seollongtang)
- 강설량 (降雪量, gangseollyang, “snowfall”)
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Old JapaneseEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 C.E..
Reconstructed by some as deriving from Proto-Japonic *yoki.
NounEdit
雪 (yuki1) (kana ゆき)
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
DescendantsEdit
- Japanese: 雪 (ゆき, yuki)
See alsoEdit
- 白妙の, 白栲の (siro1tape2 no2, pillow word that can allude to yuki1)
Etymology 2Edit
Found once in the Man'yōshū in a so-called 東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern song”) in the eastern dialect of Old Japanese.
Probably a misspelling of original ⟨yo1ki1⟩, given the Western and modern reflexes. Compare 夜 (yo1 → yu, “night”).
NounEdit
雪 (yo2ki1) (kana よき)
- (regional, Eastern Old Japanese) snow