董

董 U+8463, 董 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8463 ← 葢 [U+8462] CJK Unified Ideographs 葤 → [U+8464]

Translingual

Han character

董 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿竹十土 (THJG), four-corner 4410₄, composition ⿱艹重)

Derived characters

• 𡀇 嬞 懂 𣿅 㯵 𦡦 𥣑 𨆟

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1045, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31433
• Dae Jaweon: page 1506, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3250, character 3
• Unihan data for U+8463

Chinese

trad.		董
simp. #		董
2nd round simp.		苳
alternative forms		𦱦

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 董
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
撞	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦	*rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇	*rdoːŋ
𩪘	*rdoːŋ
艟	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽	*tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董	*toːŋʔ
蕫	*toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽	*toːŋʔ
懂	*toːŋʔ
湩	*toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈	*tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童	*doːŋ
僮	*doːŋ
瞳	*doːŋ
罿	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝	*doːŋ
潼	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜	*doːŋ, *doŋ
動	*doːŋʔ
慟	*doːŋs
堹	*toŋs
諥	*toŋs
蹱	*tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重	*doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟	*doŋ, *doŋs
蝩	*doŋ
褈	*doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘	*tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾	*tjoŋ
籦	*tjoŋ
種	*tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫	*tjoŋʔ
踵	*tjoŋʔ
歱	*tjoŋʔ
喠	*tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅	*tjoŋs
衝	*tʰjoŋ
揰	*tʰjoŋs
尰	*djoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *toːŋʔ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 重 (OC *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dǒng (dong³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dung²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): túng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): dung³

• Eastern Min (BUC): dūng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): táng / tóng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dang² / dong²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵ton

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dǒng
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dǒng
    • Wade–Giles: tung³
    • Yale: dǔng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: doong
    • Palladius: дун (dun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: dung²
    • Yale: dúng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dung²
    • Guangdong Romanization: dung²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: túng
    • Hakka Romanization System: dung`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dung³
    • Sinological IPA: /tuŋ³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: dung³
    • Sinological IPA: /tʊŋ³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dūng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: táng / tóng
    • Tâi-lô: táng / tóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: darng, dorng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /taŋ⁵³/, /tɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /taŋ⁵⁵⁴/, /tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /taŋ⁵³/, /tɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /taŋ⁵³/, /tɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /taŋ⁴¹/, /tɔŋ⁴¹/

Note:

• táng - vernacular (incl. surname);
• tóng - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: dang² / dong²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: táng / tóng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taŋ⁵²/, /toŋ⁵²/

Note:

• dang2 - vernacular (incl. surname);
• dong2 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵ton
    • MiniDict: ton^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ton
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /toŋ³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tuwngX

Rime
Character	董
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	多動切
Baxter	tuwngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/tuŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/tuŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/təwŋX/
Li Rong	/tuŋX/
Wang Li	/tuŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/tuŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dung2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*toːŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	董
Reading #	1/1
No.	17432
Phonetic component	重
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	董
Old Chinese	/*toːŋʔ/

Definitions

董

1. to direct; to supervise
2. director; supervisor
3. a surname

   董卓  ―  Dǒng Zhuó  ―  Dong Zhuo

Descendants

• → English: Dong, Tung, Tang

Compounds

• 丁董
• 不知丁董
• 古董 (gǔdǒng)
• 古董商
• 紳董／绅董
• 老古董 (lǎogǔdǒng)
• 董事 (dǒngshì)
• 董事會／董事会 (dǒngshìhuì)
• 董事長／董事长 (dǒngshìzhǎng)
• 董家剅 (Dǒngjiālóu)
• 董市 (Dǒngshì)
• 董正
• 董氏封髮／董氏封发
• 董河 (Dǒnghé)
• 董狐筆／董狐笔
• 董生下帷
• 董監事／董监事
• 董西廂／董西厢
• 蒙董,懵董
• 骨董 (gǔdǒng)
• 骨董行
• 黑臉董嘴／黑脸董嘴

 

Japanese

Kanji

董

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): とう (tō)
• Kun: ただす (tadasu, 董す)
• Nanori: ただ (tada); ただし (tadashi); ただす (tadasu); のぶ (nobu); まさ (masa)

Korean

Hanja

董 • (dong) (hangeul 동, revised dong, McCune–Reischauer tong, Yale tong)

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Vietnamese

Han character

董: Hán Nôm readings: đổng, đỏng, đúng, đủng, đũng, xổng, dỏng, rỗng

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