多
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TranslingualEdit
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Han characterEdit
多 (radical 36, 夕+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 弓戈弓戈 (NINI), four-corner 27207, composition ⿱夕夕)
Derived charactersEdit
- 侈, 𠀲, 哆, 垑, 姼, 㡅, 恀, 拸, 陊, 䏧, 栘, 㶴, 迻, 眵, 移, 䇋, 蛥, 袳, 誃, 趍, 跢, 䡔, 𮠨, 鉹, 夥, 䬷, 夦, 䮈(𬳾), 黟, 卶, 㩼, 夠(够), 翗, 夡, 㷇, 㚊, 㚌, 㚋, 䫂, 郺, 㚍, 㚉, 奓, 㝖, 爹, 𣆚, 茤, 㗬, 袲, 𭅚, 㞔, 㢁, 扅, 痑
DescendantsEdit
- タ (Katakana character derived from Man'yōgana)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 246, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5756
- Dae Jaweon: page 489, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 862, character 2
- Unihan data for U+591A
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
多 | |
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| variant forms | 𡖈 | |
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 多 | |||
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| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (多) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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| Old Chinese | |
| 多 | *ʔl'aːl |
| 哆 | *ʔl'aːlʔ, *ʔl'aːls, *ʔr'aːls, *hr'aːl, *l̥ʰjaːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *l̥ʰjɯs |
| 跢 | *ʔl'aːls, *ʔl'aːds |
| 痑 | *ʔl'aːls, *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːn |
| 爹 | *daːʔ, *tjaː |
| 陊 | *l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ |
| 橠 | *naːlʔ |
| 袲 | *naːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal |
| 奓 | *ʔr'aːl, *ʔr'aːls |
| 栘 | *ɦljeːl, *lal |
| 黟 | *ʔleːl, *ʔlil |
| 趍 | *sʰlo, *l'al |
| 誃 | *l'al, *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 簃 | *l'al, *lal |
| 眵 | *ʔljjal, *l̥ʰjal |
| 恀 | *ʔljalʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljalʔ |
| 侈 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 姼 | *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljal, *ɦljalʔ |
| 鉹 | *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal |
| 垑 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 袳 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 卶 | *l̥ʰjals, *hljals |
| 宜 | *ŋral |
| 誼 | *ŋrals |
| 竩 | *ŋrals |
| 移 | *lal |
| 迻 | *lal |
| 扅 | *lal |
| 拸 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 熪 | *lal |
| 謻 | *lal |
| 蛥 | *ɢljad |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) – two pieces of meat (肉). In the bronze script, 肉 was corrupted into 夕 due to visual similarity. The form with 夕 was inherited in later scripts.
Chi (2010) suggests that meat is scarce in ancient times, so two pieces of meat is a lot, citing a passage from Mencius:
Chang Ping-chuan suggests that it is the duplicative nature of the character that gives the meaning of "many", just like in 林 (“forest”), from 木 (“tree; wood”).
EtymologyEdit
Cognate with 諸 (OC *tjaː, *tja, “many; all”), 都 (OC *taː, “all”), 庶 (OC *hljaɡs, “many”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Related to Proto-Tai *ʰlaːjᴬ (“many, much”), whence Thai หลาย (lǎai, “many”).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
多
- many; much; a lot of; numerous
- Antonyms: 少 (shǎo)
- (after an amount) over; and more; more than
- (used in comparison structure 得多, 多了) much more; a lot more; far more
- more
- extra; in excess
- (used in question) how; how much; what
- (emphasis in exclamations) so; how; what
- to have a lot
- to have more; to have too much; to have too many
- (Cantonese) few; little
- (Cantonese) Short for 多士 (duōshì, “toast”).
Usage notesEdit
- (over, more than): When the number is smaller or equal to 10, 多 can be put after the measure word. If it is bigger than ten, 多 has to be put before the measure word.
- (more): Placing 多 after the verb is correct but it is less natural than placing it before.
SynonymsEdit
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 多
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JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
多
ReadingsEdit
(Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)
- Go-on: た (ta, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: た (ta, Jōyō)
- Kun: おおい (ōi, 多い, Jōyō)←おほい (ofoi, historical); さわ (sawa)←さは (safa, historical); まさる (masaru, 多る); まさに (masani, 多に)
- Nanori: まさる (masaru)
CompoundsEdit
- 多分 (tabun)
Derived termsEdit
PrefixEdit
- multi-
- 多言語辞書
- tagengojisho
- multilingual dictionary
- 多言語辞書
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
CompoundsEdit
- 多國籍 (다국적, dagukjeok)
- 多口 (다구, dagu)
- 多力 (다력, daryeok)
- 多分 (다분, dabun)
- 多勢 (다세, dase)
- 多夫 (다부, dabu)
- 多妻 (다처, dacheo)
- 多幸 (다행, daheng)
- 多思 (다사, dasa)
- 多怯 (다겁, dageop)
- 多數 (다수, dasu)
- 多數決 (다수결, dasugyeol)
- 多樣 (다양, dayang)
- 多福 (다복, dabok)