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多

多 U+591A, 多
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-591A
← 夙
[U+5919]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 夛 →
[U+591B]
多 U+2F85D, 多
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F85D
← 夆
[U+2F85C]		 CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 夢 →
[U+2F85E]
See also: 夛

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

多 (radical 36 夕+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 弓戈弓戈 (NINI), four-corner 27207, composition ⿱夕夕)

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 246, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5756
  • Dae Jaweon: page 489, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 862, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+591A

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 多
alt. forms 𡖈

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 多
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Large seal script Small seal script
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (多) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
多 *ʔl'aːl
哆 *ʔl'aːlʔ, *ʔl'aːls, *ʔr'aːls, *hr'aːl, *l̥ʰjaːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *l̥ʰjɯs
跢 *ʔl'aːls, *ʔl'aːds
痑 *ʔl'aːls, *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːn
爹 *daːʔ, *tjaː
陊 *l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ
橠 *naːlʔ
袲 *naːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal
奓 *ʔr'aːl, *ʔr'aːls
栘 *ɦljeːl, *lal
黟 *ʔleːl, *ʔlil
趍 *sʰlo, *l'al
誃 *l'al, *l̥ʰjalʔ
簃 *l'al, *lal
眵 *ʔljjal, *l̥ʰjal
恀 *ʔljalʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljalʔ
侈 *l̥ʰjalʔ
姼 *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljal, *ɦljalʔ
鉹 *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal
垑 *l̥ʰjalʔ
袳 *l̥ʰjalʔ
卶 *l̥ʰjals, *hljals
宜 *ŋral
誼 *ŋrals
竩 *ŋrals
移 *lal
迻 *lal
扅 *lal
拸 *lal, *lalʔ
熪 *lal
謻 *lal
蛥 *ɢljad

Pictogram (象形) – two pieces of meat (肉).

The conventional explanation is that this represented the concept of “many” through visual repetition. However, the earliest oracle bones use 多 for both “many” and another word meaning “to separate”, thus suggesting that 多 depicts a piece of meat cut in two. The word “to separate” was later written as 誃 (OC *l'al, *l̥ʰjalʔ).

EtymologyEdit

Related to Proto-Tai *ʰlaːjᴬ (“many, much”), whence Thai หลาย (lǎai, “many”).

PronunciationEdit

Note: duó - colloquial variant (“so, how, what”).
Rime
Character 多
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 歌 (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 得何切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tɑ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tɑ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ta/
Li
Rong		 /tɑ/
Wang
Li		 /tɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 duō
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 多
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 duō
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ta ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[t.l]ˤaj/
English many

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 多
Reading # 1/1
No. 2637
Phonetic
component		 多
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 多
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔl'aːl/
Notes 甲金文從二肉非二夕

DefinitionsEdit

多

  1. many; much; a lot of; numerous
    Antonyms: 少 (shǎo)
    • 街上有很多人。  ―  Jiēshàng yǒu hěn duō rén.  ―  There is a lot of people in the street
  2. (after an amount) over; and more; more than
    • 兩年多 / 两年多  ―  liǎng nián duō  ―  more than two years
  3. (used in comparison structure 得多, 多了) much more; a lot more; far more
    • 他比我高得多。  ―  Tā bǐ wǒ gāo de duō.  ―  He is a lot taller than I am.
    • 病人今天好多了。  ―  Bìngrén jīntiān hǎo duō le.  ―  The patient is much better today.
  4. more
  5. extra; in excess
  6. (used in question) how; how much; what
  7. (emphasis in exclamations) so, how, what
  8. to have a lot
  9. to have more; to have too much; to have too many
  10. (Cantonese) Short for 多士 (duōshì, “toast”).

Usage notesEdit

  • (over, more than): When the number is smaller or equal to 10, 多 can be put after the measure word. If it is bigger than ten, 多 has to be put before the measure word.
  • (more): Placing 多 after the verb is correct but it is less natural than placing it before.

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 多

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

多

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. many, much

ReadingsEdit

(Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)

CompoundsEdit

Derived termsEdit

PrefixEdit

多 (hiragana た, rōmaji ta-)

  1. multi-
    多 (た)言 (げん)語 (ご)辞 (じ)書 (しょ)
    tagengojisho
    multilingual dictionary

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

多 • (da) (hangeul 다, revised da, McCune-Reischauer ta)

  1. many, a lot of

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

多 (đa, nhật)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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