懂

懂 U+61C2, 懂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61C2 ← 懁 [U+61C1] CJK Unified Ideographs 懃 → [U+61C3]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

懂 (radical 61, 心+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 心廿竹土 (PTHG), four-corner 9401₄, composition ⿰忄董)

References

• KangXi: page 405, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11320
• Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2353, character 6
• Unihan data for U+61C2

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		懂
alternative forms		㤏 second round simplified

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
撞	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦	*rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇	*rdoːŋ
𩪘	*rdoːŋ
艟	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽	*tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董	*toːŋʔ
蕫	*toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽	*toːŋʔ
懂	*toːŋʔ
湩	*toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈	*tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童	*doːŋ
僮	*doːŋ
瞳	*doːŋ
罿	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝	*doːŋ
潼	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜	*doːŋ, *doŋ
動	*doːŋʔ
慟	*doːŋs
堹	*toŋs
諥	*toŋs
蹱	*tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重	*doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟	*doŋ, *doŋs
蝩	*doŋ
褈	*doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘	*tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾	*tjoŋ
籦	*tjoŋ
種	*tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫	*tjoŋʔ
踵	*tjoŋʔ
歱	*tjoŋʔ
喠	*tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅	*tjoŋs
衝	*tʰjoŋ
揰	*tʰjoŋs
尰	*djoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *toːŋʔ): semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 董 (OC *toːŋʔ).

Etymology

Perhaps cognate with 黨 (OC *taːŋʔ, “to know”), an ancient Chu dialect word (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): dǒng (dong³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥˇ

  (Chengdu, SP): dong³

  (Dungan, Cyrillic): дун (dun, II)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): dung²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): uung²

• Gan (Wiktionary): dung³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): túng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): dung³

• Jin (Wiktionary): dung²
• Min Bei (KCR): dǒng
• Min Dong (BUC): dūng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): tóng / táng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dong²

• Wu (Wiktionary): ton (T2)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): dong³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: dǒng
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥˇ
    • Wade–Giles: tung3
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: doong
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dǒng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: dong³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: dung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /toŋ⁵³/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic: дун (dun, II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuŋ⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: dung²
    • Yale: dúng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dung²
    • Guangdong Romanization: dung²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: uung²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɵŋ⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: dung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuŋ²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: túng
    • Hakka Romanization System: dung`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dung³
    • Sinological IPA: /tuŋ³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: dung³
    • Sinological IPA: /tʊŋ³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: dung²
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /tũŋ⁵³/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǒng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔŋ²¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dūng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuŋ³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tóng
    • Tâi-lô: tóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dorng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: táng
    • Tâi-lô: táng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: darng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei): /taŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /taŋ⁴¹/

Note:

• Zhangzhou, Taiwan:
  • tóng - literary;
  • táng - vernacular (limited, e.g. 懂嚇).

(Teochew)

• Peng'im: dong²
• Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tóng
• Sinological IPA ^(key): /toŋ⁵²/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: ton (T2)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ³⁴/

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: dong³
  • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /tʊŋ⁴¹/
  • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /tən⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /tuŋ^X/

Rime
Character	懂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	多動切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/tuŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/tuŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/təwŋX/
Li Rong	/tuŋX/
Wang Li	/tuŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/tuŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dung2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*toːŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	懂
Reading #	1/1
No.	17435
Phonetic component	重
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	董
Old Chinese	/*toːŋʔ/
Notes	右原從蕫，今字見韻會覩動切

Definitions

懂

1. Used in 懵懂 (měngdǒng, “confused”).
2. to understand; to comprehend

   我懂了。  ―  Wǒ dǒng le.  ―  I see

   他的話我聽懂了。 / 他的话我听懂了。  ―  Tā de huà wǒ tīngdǒng le.  ―  I understand what he said.

3. to know (social norms)

   懂禮貌 / 懂礼貌  ―  dǒng lǐmào  ―  to have good manners

4. (Singapore) to know

   你這暑假準備幹什麼？我不懂。 [MSC, trad.]
   你这暑假准备干什么？我不懂。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ zhè shǔjià zhǔnbèi gànshénme? Wǒ bù dǒng. [Pinyin]

   What are you doing this summer? I don't know.

See also

• (Cantonese) 識／识, 明

Compounds

• 不懂 (bùdǒng)
• 不懂事
• 似懂非懂
• 懂事 (dǒngshì)
• 懂得 (dǒngde)
• 懂眼
• 懂行

• 懞懂／蒙懂
• 懵懂 (měngdǒng)
• 懵懂痴呆
• 懵懵懂懂 (měngměngdǒngdǒng)
• 懵裡懵懂／懵里懵懂
• 搞不懂
• 搞懂

• 淺顯易懂／浅显易懂
• 略懂
• 痴呆懵懂
• 看懂 (kàndǒng)
• 瞢懂
• 聽懂／听懂 (tīngdǒng)

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Japanese

Kanji

懂

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: つう (tsū)
• Kan-on: とう (tō)
• Kun: みだれる (midareru, 懂れる)

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Korean

Hanja

懂 (eumhun 심란할 동 (simnanhal dong))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

懂: Hán Nôm readings: đổng, đỏng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.